Lecture Note_ DVI1033 Chapter 1

8/8/2019 Lecture Note_ DVI1033 Chapter 1

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Lecture Notes

12/04/2010 Revision date Semester 1 Page 1

INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF AUTOMOTIVE

(ICAM)

LECTURE NOTE

DVI 1033

INTRODUCTION TO VEHICLE INSPECTION


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Contents

1. Introduction to Vehicle Inspection

2. Inspection Procedure

3. Main Inspection Process

4. Inspection Standards


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CHAPTER 1

1. INTRODUCTION TO VEHICLE INSPECTION

1.1 Terms and Definition

1.1.1 Vehicle Inspection

Vehicle Inspection is a procedure mandated by national or sub-national governments in

many countries, in which a vehicle is inspected to ensure that it conforms to regulations

governing safety, emission, or both.

Inspection can be required at various times, for example it can performed periodically or

on transfer of title to a vehicle. If it is required periodically, it is often termed periodic

motor vehicle inspection; typical intervals are once every two years; every year and twice

a year.

Some countries where vehicle inspection for certain category of vehicle is not mandated,

it encourages individual to send their vehicles for inspection voluntarily. A typical

example is Malaysia.

With regard to safety inspection, there is some controversy over whether it is a cost-effective way to improve road traffic safety.

.

1.1.2 Category of Inspection Branches

In Malaysia, there are variuos categories of vehicle inspection branches depending on

the set-up. Some typical examples include:

1.1.2.1Permanent Computerized Branch (PCB)

This category of branch has been installed with computerised system and an

intergrated inspection equipment consisting of all stages of inspection which include

visual inspection, smoke emission test, side-slip test, suspension test, brake test,

headlight test, speedometer test, that is able to communicate and the inspection

result is generated automatically from the the computer system.


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Example : PUSPAKOM Wangsa Maju


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1.1.2.2Permanent Outstation Branch (POB)

This category has an office away from the main branch that is manned by a small

number of personnel and the branch is installed with a computer system capable of

generating inspection results but is only provided with minimal number of inspection

equipement, for example a smoke meter (to conduct emission test), a portable brake

tester (Decelerometer) and a pit for visual inspection.

Keningau


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TRAFFIC FLOW AND LAYOUT PLAN PUSPAKOM KENINGAU

OFFICE

INSPECTION PIT

POST GUARD

EXIT ENTRANCE

Overall size:

1 acres

75 M

54M

Sri Aman


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OUT

IN

BRAKEINSPECTIONAREA

ROUNDABOUT

PASIRPANAS

ROAD

33 M

21.3

M

TRAFFIC FLOW AND LAYOUT PLAN PUSPAKOM SRI AMAN

139

LV/HV/B2/B5

OFFICE

RIVER

1.1.2.3Mobile Computerized Branch (MCB)

MCB is the type of branch that is visited on schedule by a mobile inspection unit

equipt with full inspection equipment in a suburban or isolated locations. This mobile

inspection unit is also installed with a computer system which is capable to

communicate and intergrate with the equipment and generate inspection results.Mobile Inspection Unit means the equipment and machinery which may be

transported from place to place to carry out Inspections


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Mobile Computerised Branch


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1.1.2.4Mobile Outsation Branch (MOB)

This category of branch is located at remote area and is visited by personnel from

the main branch as scheduled. Most of these type of branch performed manual

inspection where by there is no equipment involved. A few of these branch are

provided with a smoke meter (for emission test) and a decelerometer (for brake test)

brought in by the visiting personnel.

1.1.2.5Premier Service Unit (PSU)

PSU provide inspection services to dedicated customers upon their request. For

instance, individual customer or fleet owners. The inspection performed by this team

of personnel on manual.

PUSPAKOM Premier Service Unit


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1.1.3 Mode of Inspection

Inspection may be carried out either by the Automated Mode or the Manual Mode.

1.1.3.1Automated Inspection

Automated Inspection is an inspection performed using Automated Equipment

under an automated and computerized vehicle inspection system, whereas

Automated Equipment means the equipment and machinery prescribed by law to be

used to carry out Automated Inspections and shall include mobile inspection unit.

Stages in relation to an automated inspection:-

- Visual Inspection Above Carriage

- A-B-S Tester

- Test of Headlight, Exhaust and Sound

- Visual Inspection Under Carriage

- Relevant data shall be key into the computer system

- The result of each test shall be issued by the system control computer

1.1.3.2Manual Inspection

When an automated inspection cannot be effected, Manual Inspection is to be

performed. The minimum requirement for Manual Inspection to be done shall

include:-

(a). A statutory check over a special pit for the inspection and testing of the whole

body of a motor vehicle, including its chassis;

(b). An on-the-road test for brake efficiency, meter and wheel alignment of a

motor vehicle; and

(c). A smoke emission test using a smoke meter for diesel engines.

Manual inspection normally is conducted at the POB and MOB.

1.2

Type of Inspection

There are various type of inspection. Type of inspections are named according to their purposes, for

example,

1.2.1 Initial Inspection

To check whether the newly constructed motor vehicles comply with specifications,

dimensions of approved drawing plans and conform to all requirements for the registration of


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imported vehicles for specific use. Locally manufactured and assemble private motor vehicles

are not subject to Initial Inspection as they have undergone Type or Model Approval.

1.2.2 Routine Inspection

Routine Inspections are all those periodic inspections which are mandatory to be carried

out from time to time under the Road Transport Act 1987.

1.2.3 Special Inspection

Special Inspections are inspection which may be required for any of the following purpose:-

a. Change of use of vehicles;

b. Change of registration numbers;

c. Vehicle modification including upgrading of vehicle weight limits;

d.

Change of engine and chassis;

e. Increase of passenger capacity;

f. Loss of registration certificate;

g. Confirmation of engine and chassis particulars;

h. Weighing of vehicles;

i. Any request by Road Transport Department, the police or any competent authorities for

compliance with specific requirements of the law.

1.2.4 Re-inspection

The re-inspection of motor vehicles is required when a vehicle which has failed a previous

inspection that include initial, routine and special inspections.

1.2.5 Accident Inspection

The inspection of all kind of motor vehicle involve in accidents at the request of the

authorities, for instance the police.

1.2.6 Inspection Prior to Change of Ownership / Possession of MotorVehicle

To verify the authentication of the vehicle prior to the transfer of ownership for all kind of

motor vehicle registered as private use excluding motorcycle. The procedure of inspection

include:-

- Confirmation of engine number


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- Confirmation of chassis particulars

- Glass test as specified by the Motor Vehicle (Prohibition of Certain type of Glass)

- Inspect the condition of vehicle body shell and chassis

1.2.7 Inspection for Financial Institutions

Inspection as required by the financial institutions for the administration of auction and

financing processes.

1.3 Responsibility of Vehicle Examiner (VE)

1.3.1 In Malaysia, a VE is a person who is appointed, authorized or given the power under Section

66(F) of the Road Transport Act 1987 to inspect a motor vehicle. VE has to perform the

vehicle inspection activities diligently, honestly, professionally with high level of integrity and

without fear or favor to ensure motor vehicles are safe to be used and also safe to other roadusers.

1.3.2 With reference to Motor Vehicles (Qualification of Examiners) Rules, 1994, Examiner

means any person who carries out inspection of motor vehicles and issues inspection

certificates.

1.3.3 Apart from these, Vehicle Examiner as an employee has certain obligations to the firm or

company or organization, namely

a. Employees main moral duty is to work toward the goals of the firm and avoid any activitiesthat might harm those goals.

b. Unethical means to deviate from these goals to serve ones own interests in ways that, if

illegal, are counted as a form of white-collar crime

c. Employees duties to the firm - comply to the law of agency, that is the law that specifies

the legal duties of agents (employee) towards their principals (employers).

1.3.4 An employee might fail in performing the obligation to the employer, if he or she:

a. Act on a conflict of interest

b. Steal from the firm

c. Use the position as leverage to force illicit benefits out of others through extortion or

commercial bribery

1.3.5 Conflict of interest


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Occur when employees in a certain job have an interest that might motivate them to

do that job in a way that may not be in the best interests of the firm. That is,

a. Engaged in carrying out a certain task on behalf of the company

b. Has an interest in the outcome of the task

c.

The interest does or reasonably might affect the judgment the employee is obligated toexercise on behalf of the company

1.3.6 Steal from the firm

a. Employee theft

Take property or use property that belongs to employer without consent.

b. Computer theft

Enter data banks, copy, or using companys computer during ones own time.

1.3.7 Commercial bribe and extortiona. Commercial bribe: A consideration given or offered to an employee by a person outside

the firm with the understanding that, when the employee transacts business for the firm,

the employee will deal favorably with that person or that persons firm.

b. Commercial extortion: when an employee demands a consideration from persons outside

the firm as a condition for dealing favorably with those persons when the employee

transacts business for the firm.

c. Gifts: may or may not be unethical. Vincent Barry suggests that the following factors should

be considered when evaluating the morality of accepting a gift,

(i). What is the value of the gift? It is substantial to influence ones decision?

(ii). What is the purpose of the gift? Is the gift intended or accepted as a bribe?

(iii). What are the circumstances under which the gift was given? Was it given openly? Was it

given to celebrate a special event eg birthday, Xmas.

(iv). What is the position of the recipient of the gift? Is he in the position to influence

dealings?

(v). what is the accepted business practice in the area? Is the gift part of an open and well-

known industry practice?

(vi). What is companys policy?


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(vii). What is the law?

1.3.8 Ethics.

Ethics can be defined as:

a. the principals of conduct governing an individual or a group or a society.

b. The study of morality. Morality is the standards that an individual or a group has about

what is right and wrong or good and well.

c. Therefore, ethics is the study of moral standards the process of examining the moral

standards of a person or society to determine whether these standards are reasonable or

unreasonable in order to apply them to concrete situations and issues.

1.3.9 Corruption

Corruption can be defined as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain.

1.3.10 Forms of corruption

a. Bribe vs facilitation payment (large amount to senior officials vs small amount to lower

level officials)

b. Supply vs demand

c. Cartel vs collusion (bidders form cartel & manipulate award decision with or without

involvement of inside officials vs collusion agreements can include assigning turns among

cartel members for winning bid.

d. Structural vs situational (well planned and carried out systematically. Situation is

unplanned eg driver caught under influence of alcohol and offer the policeman a bribe).

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Lecture Note_ DVI1033 Chapter 1

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