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ITEC0724 Modern Related Technology on
Mobile D. : Cloud Deployment Model + Migration
and Mobile Cloud Computing
Lecture Notes #2
Lecture Outline Cloud deployment models Business case Moving applications to the cloud
Application attributes Cloud service attributes System abstraction Cloud bursting
Mobile market Adopting mobile cloud applications
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Cloud Deployment Models (NIST)
Public clouds Private clouds Hybrid clouds
3The models by the US National institute of standards and technology (NIST)
Public Clouds
Infrastructure is for public use Own by organization selling cloud
services Potential advantage
No risk in infrastructure Potential disadvantage
Lack of security
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Key public cloud providers
Google Google Docs, Google App Engine
(GAE) EMC Corporation
Parent company of VMWare, one of the leading companies in virtualization
Microsoft Azure Platform Amazon Web Services (EC2 and S3) Salesforce.com (force.com)
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Private Clouds
Basically, it’s a cloud infrastructure set up, managed, and upgraded by an organization or community for their own use (private use)
Potential advantage Full control of all resources and
technologies such as security Potential disadvantage
Infrastructure cost
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Technology for Private Clouds
Commercial vendors are entering in this domain quite fast Vmware
Open Source providers are also there Eucalyptus, Ubuntu
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Hybrid Clouds
Combine multiple clouds (private and public) Each cloud retains its unique
characteristics, but bound together as a unit
Potential advantage Security and Infrastructure cost
Potential disadvantage Policies compliance???,
Synchronization???
Other types of clouds
Virtual private clouds (VPC) Run on top of public cloud Leverage VPN technology to
customize network topology and security setting
Advantage – infrastructure and security
Example, Amazon Web Services
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Other types of clouds (2)
Community clouds Serve a common function or purpose
of multiple units Share common concerns such as mission,
policies, security and regulatory compliances
Units can be within one organization or multiple organizations
Advantage Cost – shared infrastructure cost Security – higher level of security and privacy
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Business cases
Dimensions to consider to save cost Ongoing operational cost reduction The value of preserving capital The value of upsizing on demand The value of downsizing on demand The value of agility The value of reuse The value of coolness
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Operational Cost Reduction
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Upsize and downsize on demand
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Case Study on Oil & Gas Industry
The migration use-case of an IT System From a company’s in-house data
center To Amazon EC2
14System Overview
System Deployed in the Cloud
Infrastructure costs Company C paid £104,000 to Company B
for the system in 2005, £19,200 of which was for the system’s infrastructure.
In addition, C paid B £43,000 per year for system support and maintenance, £3600 of which is for the running costs of the system infrastructure.
Over a 5 year period, the total cost of the system infrastructure is therefore: £19,200 + (5 x £3,600) = £37,200
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Price Comparision Amazon EC2 provides an option of using
either small or large server instances depending on the amount of CPU power and RAM required.
In Cloud, 37% cheaper compared to 1 small and 1 large server instance
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Support and Maintenance
In 2005, 218 Support calls have been made regarding the operation of the system.
The majority were about software problems. 45 calls were related to the system’s
infrastructure. 38 calls – backup problems 5 calls – network problems 2 calls – power outages at B
In cloud – 21% eliminated
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Stakeholders’ Impact Analysis
Stakeholders’ impact analysis is a method of identifying potential sources of benefits and risks from the perspectives of multiple stakeholders.
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The steps to do business case
Understanding the existing issues Define value points Model “as is” Model “to be” Assign costs Define hard benefits and soft benefits Define risks Create business case (save cost?)
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Moving applications to the cloud
Deploy Application to the cloud? Entirely or Part of the application is on the
local system and another part is in the cloud Migration involves
Functionality Mapping - Identification of potential benefits associated with migration
Analysis of critical features of application Analysis of features supported by cloud provider
Nature of target cloud platform Evaluation of supported tools and technologies
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Application attributes Attributes to analyze for porting
applications to the cloud Application Availability Data management Cost Maintenance Security Scalability Interfaces
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Application Attributes (2)
Quality attributes associated with application Abstraction, configuration, interoperability, modularity,
reusability, language support, monitoring support, staffing requirements, tool support.
Quality attributes associated with availability Fault management, Geographic location, resource pooling,
resource access, reliability, uptime.
Quality attributes associated with scalability Caching, licensing, lifecycle management, load balancing,
replication, resource provisioning
Quality attributes associated with cost Development cost, resource cost, staging cost.
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Application Attributes (3) Quality attributes associated with data
management Data exchange, indexing, online/offline access, portability,
query, state, store type, data structures, transactions.
Quality attributes associated with security Access, auditing, authentication, cryptography, identity,
regulations, remote access, security rules, trust relationships.
Quality attributes associated with maintenance APIs, Configurations, Deployment.
Quality attributes associated with user interface
Ease of use, interface features, user interaction.
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Cloud Service Attributes
Features associated with application Accounting schemes, operating system
support, database support, resource pooling mechanisms, site location, redundancy and replication, relation management, virtual machine types, APIs.
Platform features Application support, deployment
environments, Internationalization (languages and locale), programming langue support, testing, API and command line interfaces.
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Cloud Service Attributes (2) Infrastructure features
Availability, network support, load balancing, reliability, replication, database support.
Which cloud types to select?
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System Abstraction
Target should be able to provide abstraction of all required physical resources through virtualization.
Example, Medical imaging system
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Cloud Bursting
Cloud should be able to serve access capacity when required.
Example, Reservation system
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Following types of application are more suitable for cloud
Not mission critical. Not handling core business operations. Not dealing with sensitive data. Can tolerate high network latencies and work on
low network bandwidth. Following industry standards. E.g. using
standardized tools for object to relational mappings.
Do not require detailed customization for each tenant.
Organization involved in porting have full knowledge of application and its associated domain.
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Mobile Cloud Computing
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Mobile
- Need ubiquitous Devices
Cloud Computing
-Need Ubiquitous Apps->Performance + Storage
Mobile Cloud Computing
Mobile Market
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Number of Subscribers
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Challenges in Mobile
Resources Battery life Storage Bandwidth
Communication Security mobility
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Adopting Mobile Cloud Applications
Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) Definition
“Mobile Cloud Computing at its simplest, refers to an infrastructure where both the data storage and the data processing happen outside of the mobile device. Mobile cloud applications move the computing power and data storage away from mobile phones and into the cloud, bringing applications and mobile computing to not just smartphone users but a much broader range of mobile subscribers”. (by the Mobile Cloud Computing Forum)
Briefly, MCC is a model where processing is done in the cloud, data is stored in the cloud, mobiles device serves as a presentation platform or a display
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MCC Architecture
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Advantages of MCC
Advantage of cloud to mobile computing Thinner devices -> less processing,
consume less power, and have better battery life
Improving data storage capacity and processing power
Avoidance of vendor lock-in. Inherits some advantages of clouds
Dynamic resource provisioning, Scalability, Reliability and Multi-tenancy
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What to be when cloud come!
Less processing power, memory and storage but needs to be aware of bandwidth and display resolutions.
Featured phones with light weight operating systems.
Smart phones with sophisticated operating systems. e.g., iOS, Android, Windows Mobile, Symbian.
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Android Market
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Apple iCloud
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iCloud
iCloud Application
iCloud
iBookCalendar, Mail and
ContactsDocuments in the CloudApps
iTunes in the Cloud
Photo Stream Backup
Find My Friends and Find My iPhone
iPhone Application Hosting by Amazon
Picture from Alexandra Institute 41
iAWS Manager
Picture from Alexandra Institute 42
Summary Application requirements and cloud
features should be carefully analyzed while migrating applications on cloud.
Quality attributes support by cloud provider plays a vital role in successful migrations.
Business dimension of application migration is as important to consider as technical aspects.
Mobile leverage cloud in terms of performance, storage and cloud’s features
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References Chapter 1, 14 of Course Book: Cloud
Computing Bible, 2011, Wiley Pub. Inc. Cloud Migration: A Case Study of Migrating
an Enterprise IT System to IaaS, Khajeh-Hosseini, A., Greenwood, D., Sommerville, I., 2009
Chapter 4-7, 10. 11, 20 of Cloud Computing and SOA Convergence in your Enterprise, Linthicum, D., S.
A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing: Architecture, Applications, and Approaches
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