ECEN 4797/5797

Introduction to Power Electronics

Prof. Regan Zane

Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering

University of Colorado, Boulder

Lecture Outline

• Course details

• What is Power Electronics?

• Application examples

• Who should take this course?

• Course syllabus

• How to succeed in this course!

Introduction to Power ElectronicsECEN 4797/5797

• Instructor: Prof. Regan Zane– Office: ECOT 352; Telephone: (303) 735-1560

– zane@colorado.edu, http://ecee.colorado.edu/~zane

– Office hours: W 3:00 - 4:00 pm, Th 2:00 - 3:30 pm

– Telephone office hours: M 4:00 - 5:00 pm

• Course sections:– ECEN 4797: Undergraduate

– ECEN 5797 On-campus and off-campus (CAETE)

• Course web site:– http://ecee.colorado.edu/~ecen5797

• Textbook:– Erickson and Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power

Electronics, second edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0-7923-7270-0.

Grading

• Homework– Weekly assignments, due at beginning of class on due date (listed on

website)

– Late homework not accepted

– Homework counts 35% of grade

– You may speak with others about the homework, but turn in your own work

– Password-protected solutions on web site

– Homework and exam problems of additional depth and complexity for those earning graduate credit; separately graded

• Exams– Midterm exam: one-week take-home exam, 25% of grade

– Final exam: five-day take-home exam, 40% of grade

• Off-campus students– Fax, Mail or e-mail (PDF) completed homework to Prof. Zane

– See contact information on course website: “Vitals and info”

Personal Info: Prof. Regan Zane

• Background:– Ph.D. in EE from CU-Boulder, 1999

• ASIC controllers for power-factor-corrected AC-DC converters– Research Scientist, GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, 1999 to 2001– Assistant professor, CU-Boulder, 2001 – 2007– Associate professor, CU-Boulder, 2007 – present

• Research Interests (applications):– Digital control, ASIC design, and robust, self-calibrating/healing, adaptive

control techniques in power converters– Energy efficient lighting systems (e.g., discharge lamps, LEDs, sensors &

controllers)– Low power energy harvesting; Renewable energy systems– Digital class-D audio amplifiers

• Personal Interests:– Family: wife and three children (10, 8 & 4)– Music: drums and piano– Flying: competition aerobatics, flight instructor– Outdoors: skiing, hiking, biking, camping, etc.

What is Power Electronics?

Why Switched-mode Transistors?

Regulator Example

Use of a SPDT Switch

Who Should Take This Course?

ECEN 4797/5797 is the Prerequisite for the Power Electronics and PV Systems Lab

ECEN2060Renewable Sources

and Efficient Electrical Energy

Systems

ECEN3170Energy

Conversion

ECEN4797/5797Intro to Power

Electronics

ECEN4517/5517Power Electronics and

PV Systems Lab

ECEN4167Energy Conversion 2

ECEN5807Model. and Control of

Power Electronics

ECEN5817Resonant and Soft

Switch Tech. in Power Electronics

ECEN5017Conventional

and Renewable Energy Issues

Sophomore Junior Senior Graduate

Electrical Energy Engineering program at CU Boulder

The course begins with basic experiments on:

• Photovoltaic power systems

• Power conversion electronics

The course then culminates in a design project involving photovoltaics and power electronics

A basic standalone PV power system in the ECEN 4517 laboratoryPV panels, battery, and inverter in the ECEN 4517 laboratory

PVPanel

85 W

Battery

Deep-dischargelead-acid

12 V, 56 A-hr

Inverter

120 V 60 Hz300 W

true sinewave

Charge control

DC-DC converterfor maximum powerpoint tracking and

battery charge profile

ACloads

DC loads

Digital control

ECEN4517/5517Power Electronics and PV Systems Lab

http://ece.colorado.edu/~ecen4517

Portable PV cart: 85 W PV panel, deep discharge lead-acid battery and 300 W inverter to power test equipment

Coursework in Power Electronicsat the University of Colorado

• Power electronics courses– ECEN 4797/5797 (this course): Intro to power electronics (Fall)

– ECEN 5807 Modeling and Control of Power Electronics Systems (Alt Spring semesters, including S ‘09)

– ECEN 5817 Resonant and Soft-Switching Techniques in Power Electronics (Alt Spring semesters, including S ‘08)

– ECEN 4517/5517 Power Electronics Laboratory (Spring)

• Professional Certificate in Power Electronics– ECEN 5797, 5807, and 5817

• Formats for this course– On-campus, for senior or graduate credit

– Off-campus, web-based lectures

Why Power Electronics?Where the Jobs AreDemand is rising in analog circuit design, power management, andautomated design, by Scott Kariya

Among the areas where engineers are in short supply: analog and mixed-signal circuit design, power management, and automated design tools.

"Yesterday's" technology still hotOne of the most sustained demands for EEs is in analog and mixed-signal design. Analog? Isn't that obsolete? The fact is, the more computerized the world becomes, the greater the need for interfaces between the analog and digital:

Though demand for analog types has steadily risen, supply has not. Often cast as yesterday's technology, analog circuit design has failed to attract EE students and younger engineers. It's also demanding. … "What differentiates a top engineer from an average engineer is the ability to design all the unique analog building blocks of, say, a power chip from scratch. Such analog building blocks might include a band-gap reference circuit, a gate driver, or a comparator. A really top engineer doesn't rely on a circuit simulator to tell him how a circuit functions."

Bart Kramer, a recruiter for Silicon Laboratories (Austin, Texas), which develops analog and mixed-signal chips, agrees. The key to his company's success, he says, lies in "design engineers who are well grounded in fundamentals—they design elegant solutions."

Power management demandThe near ubiquity of battery-operated mobile electronics—cellphones, PDAs, laptops, MP3 players—is proving a boon for power management engineers … "Power management is the hottest area in the industry right now," Rosetti says

IEEE Spectrum, Jan. 2003

Point-of-Load DC-DCPoint-of-Load

DC-DCPoint-of-Load DC-DC

Power Electronics in Computing

Point-of-Load DC-DC

AC-DC PFC rectifier Off-line

DC-DC

Electronic ballast

μP

VDC,high

VDC,medium

VDC,low

AC line

CCFL inverterfor LCD

backlightingMulti-phase

microprocessor supply (VRM)

DC-DCwith transformer

isolation

Point-of-Load DC-DC

High-frequency DC-DC

Power factor correction rectifier

Battery

Renewable energyPortable electronicsDesktop computersEmbedded systems

Consumer electronicsTelecom

Medical electronicsAutomotive electronics

etc.

PDAs

ProcessingCore

BatteryBatteryMonitorBatteryMonitor

Li-IonProtectorLi-Ion

ProtectorBattery

Management

AudioCodec

AudioCodec

Audio PwrAmp

Audio PwrAmp

Color or B/W LCDwith Touchscreen

TouchscreenControl

TouchscreenControl

FrontlightWhite LED

Supply VoltageSupervisor

Supply VoltageSupervisor

Alkaline

BatteryChargerBatteryCharger

Power Management

BoostConverter

BoostConverter

BuckConverter

BuckConverter

ChargePump

ChargePump

Low-DropoutRegulator

Low-DropoutRegulator

Buck-BoostConverter

Buck-BoostConverter

MicrophoneAmp

MicrophoneAmp

SDRAMSRAMFLASHROM

LogicBus Drvr

Li+ Ni+

BacklightCCFL

CCFL CtrlCCFL Ctrl

Wall SupplyUSB Power

MemoryExpansion

PowerSwitchPowerSwitch

3.3V / 5VSystem Supply

1.5 / 1.8V / 2.5VCore Supply

Wireless I/F

Wired I/F

Microphone

LoudspeakerHeadphonesWireless

Ethernet802.11b

WirelessAccess

Bluetooth

USB

Power Electronics in a PDA

SAa

SBa

SCa

SAa

SBa

SCa

SAa

SBa

SCa

AC powerto utility60 HzPermanent-magnet

synchronousgenerator

Wind turbine

Gate drivers

Digitalinterface(CPLD)

Converterspace-vector

control algorithm(Section 3.4)

Currentsense

+–

Currentsense

d–qtransform

d–qtransform

+– P/Icontrol

P/Icontrol

Referencegenerator current(mag and phase)

+–

P/Icontrol

Capacitorvoltage

sense

ReferenceVcap

Microcontroller PPC555

Power Electronics in Wind Power

Syllabus

Steady State Converter Analysis: Ch2-6, ~6 weeksPrinciples of steady state converter analysisSteady-state equivalent circuit modeling & lossesSwitch realizationDiscontinuous conduction mode operation

Dynamic Modeling & Control: Ch7-9, ~5 weeksAC equivalent circuit modelingConverter transfer functionsController Design

Magnetics Design: Ch13-15, ~4 weeksBasic magnetics theoryInductor & transformer design

How to Succeed in this Course

• Attend live lectures whenever possible– Review and print-out textbook slides before lecture

– Follow along and ASK QUESTIONS IN LECTURE

• Keep up on the homework– Start early, schedule time every week

– Collaborate with classmates AFTER working through the problems once yourself; turn in your own work

• Prepare for the exams– Prepare as if they were in-class, closed-book exams

– Review lectures & assignments, prepare “cheat sheets” with key concepts, procedures and equations

• Off campus: Stay on schedule!!