Lecture1 is313-(is-innovation&tech)

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Taibah University

College of Computer Science & Engineering

Information Systems Department

Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Taibah University

Introduction to

Information Systems Innovation

& Technologies

(Information Systems Innovation and Technologies IS313)

Lecture 1

Topic area

Defining Innovation

Importance Of Innovation

Misconceptions

Types of Innovations

Information And Communications Technology

The Role of ICT

Rapid Evolution of ICT

Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, College of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University 2

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Defining Innovation

1. Innovation comes from a Latin word INNOVATIO meaning to

RENEW or CHANGE

2. ― New products, business processes and organic changes that

create wealth or social welfare‖ – OECD

3. ― Fresh thinking that creates value‖

4. ― Successful commercilaisation of a novel idea‖

5. ― Application of knowledge in a novel way, premarily for

economic benefit‖ – Economic Intelligence Unit

6. ―Invention implies bringing something new into being;

innovation implies bringing something new into use‖.

Schumpeter

7. Innovation has been defined as the successful introduction

into an applied situation of means or ends that are new to that

situation (Mohr, 1969, quoted in Cummings and O’Connell,

1978, p.34)

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Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, College of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University

Defining Innovation (cont…) ―Innovation can be defined as a new product, new process,

or new organizational structure that enhances the chance

for success on the market. The many sidedness of

innovations.‖ Antti Hautamäki (2007).

―Ideas, inventions, and innovations are often distinguished

from each other. An idea is a preliminary thought or a

mental image of a new device or solution. An invention, on

the other hand, already exists, but it is not applicable or

commercial as such. An innovation is a novelty that is

applicable in practice. Typically, innovations are

commercialized products or services. The route from an

idea to an innovation is often long and includes a number of

different phases.‖ (Hautamäki 2007, 110)

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Defining Innovation

― Innovation is defined as a process by which varying degree of measurable value enhancement is planned and achieved , in any commercial activity.

This process may be breakthrough or incremental, and it may occur systematically in a company or sporadically; it may be achieved by:

Introducing new or improved goods or services and/or

Implementing new or improved operational processes and/or

Implementing new or improved organizational/managerial processes

In order to improve market share, competitiveness and Quality, while reducing costs. (National Knowledge Commission)

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What Are Innovations?

Innovations are new ways to achieve tasks.

Types of innovations include: Mechanical—tractors, cars.

Chemical—pesticides.

Biological—seed varieties.

Managerial—IPM, extra pay for work, overtime.

Institutional—water users’ association, patents, banks, stock

market, conservation districts, monks.

It is useful to distinguish between process

innovations (new biotechnology procedures) and

product innovations (Bt cotton).

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Types of innovations

Product innovation

Process innovation

Innovation in business models

Incremental or breakthrough innovation

Reverse innovation

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Importance of Innovation

An innovation may therefore be a thing: Whether artifact,

product or process or indeed service.

Innovation means change: Such changes can be

incremental or radical, evolutionary or revolutionary,

enabling or disruptive. They can have different effects upon

producers and users.

Distinguish between:

Product and process innovations

Technical and organizational innovations

Radical and incremental innovations system or

infrastructure

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Importance of Innovation (cont…)

1. Creativity: It is the capabilities or act of

conceiving something original or unusual

2. Innovation: It is the implementation of

something new

3. Invention: It is the creation of something

that has never been made before and is

recognized as the product of some

unique insight

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Importance of Innovation (cont…)

1. Creativity – Ideas

Invention – Novel ideas

Innovation – Delivery of novel ideas

2. Every invention is innovation but every innovation is not

invention

3. Invention is conversion of cash into ideas. Innovation is

conversion of ideas into cash

4. Creativity is thinking new things. Innovation is doing new

things.

5. Innovation is applied creativity

6.People are creative. Products or processes are innovative

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Generalisation concept

A creative (work) environment is challenging,

free, dynamic, supports ideas, is emotionally

safe, and its atmosphere promotes humor.

In such an environment, debates are considered

positive, conflicts constructive, risk taking is

allowed and, in the end, new ideas have enough

time to take shape.

Creativity, innovation, and flexible processes of

action currently seem to be highlighted as

essential starting points for developing work life

and the economy, and this will increasingly be

the case in the near future.

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Phases

1. Problem, challenge, opportunity, outlining:

Understanding that an opportunity to create

something new, something better exists;

intuitive knowledge, as well as a vision, might

be a trustworthy guide at this phase (as well as

in phases 3 and 4), because actual, fact based,

knowledge and its ―mending effect‖ always

come in too late.

2. Fact phase: Digging out the real facts in order

to find the core of the problem that one is about

to solve.

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Phases (cont...)

3. Problem phase: Identifying the actual problem

according to the facts.

4. Idea phase: The shaping of alternative

solutions.

5. Solution phase: Refining and polishing the

chosen solution to make it usable and

implementable.

6. Approval phase: Having all the actors who

need to take part in the actualization of the

chosen solution in order to make it successful

to approve with it.

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Phases (cont...)

7. Realization phase: The arising (new) problems,

or newly identified parts of the original problem,

may force the process to be started anew or

some phases to be gone through again. Several

phases may have to be run through multiple

times even before the realization phase has

been reached.

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Innovation Pentagon

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Platform

Provide broader PLATFORM for Innovations everywhere to include:

1. Products

2. Services

3. Organizations & Institutions

4. Processes

5. Research and Development

6. Science & Technology

7. Governance

8. Social and Cultural

9. Mindset

10. National/ State/ Sectoral Councils

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Inclusion

Encourage Innovations for INCLUSION aimed at the Bottom of the Pyramid:

1. Awareness

2. Access

3. Affordability

4. Availability

5. Scalability

6. Sustainability

7. Quality

8. Pervasive Growth

9. Innovations for/by the people

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Eco-systems

Foster necessary Eco System

1. Incentives & Awards

2. Innovation clusters at universities

3. Innovative business clusters

4. Organizational Autonomy & Flexibility

5. Policies & Programmes

6. New Institutions

7. Risk/ Venture Capital

8. Patents

9. Web & ICT as tools

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Drivers

Focus on DRIVERS

1. Multidisciplinary

2. Collaborative

3. Disruptive

4. Generational Change vs. Incremental Change

5. Durable vs. Disposable

6. Need vs. Demand

7. Nature as Nurture

8. Locally Relevant

9. Globally Connected and Competitive

10.Focus at the Edge

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Discourse

Expand Space for Discourse on Innovation in the country by:

1. Discussions

2. Debates

3. Seminars

4. Conferences

5. Best Practices

6. Subversive Dialogue

7. Irreverent Dialogue

8. New Ideas

9. Media

10.Innovation Portal

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Information and communications technology

Technological innovation is essential for

human development.

From the printing press to the computer,

people have devised tools for facilitating

learning and communication.

Technology is not inherently good or bad,

the outcome depends on how it is used.


Information and communications technology (cont…)

Information and communications technology

(ICT) involves innovations in microelectronics,

computing (hardware and software),

telecommunications and opto-electronics —

micro-processors, semiconductors, fiber optics.

These innovations enable the processing and

storage of enormous amounts of information,

along with rapid distribution of information

through communication networks.


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The role of ICT

Telecommunication is a basic infrastructure necessary for economic and social development of a country.

This is even becoming more strong than ever as information related economic activities are growing.

ICT is the support of the central nervous system of complex societies, transmitting and processing information and commands among the various parts of such societies.

Internet plays a fundamental function in ICT role


Benefits from ICT

ICT carries on high promise both in human and economic terms.

Benefits could be obtained in:

Education

Job training

Health care

Food security

Environment management

Government efficiency

Specifically in Science and Technology:

Speed up dissemination of scientific results world-wide

through scientific knowledge sharing and exchange

Allows to set up of Virtual Labs for communications and

remote instrument control


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Rapid evolution of ICT

Predictions indicate the doubling of computing power

every 18 –24 months and the doubling of communications

power every 6 months.

Both are accompanied by huge reductions in costs and

massive increases in speed and quantity.

In 2001 more information can be sent over

a single cable in a second than in 1997 was sent

over the entire Internet in a month.

Thanks to ICT scientific research and innovation —the

original networked communication between

universities that allowed the birth of the

Internet —is increasingly collaborative between

institutions and countries.


Trends of ICT

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Internet growth in developing and

emerging countries

The digital divide

The distribution of Internet users show uneven distribution in the world.

Connecting a major portion of the population is a challenge in developing regions .

Limitations are the outdated public telephone network and the arbitrary high cost of the services.

To beat this problem, solutions based on the most advanced techniques but with accessible costs have to be devised. Radio technology represents in many cases the solution.

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The Internet users distribution

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Hope for the future

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31 Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University

Reference

Sam Inkinen & Jari Kaivooja, Understanding Innovation Dynamics: Aspects of Creative Processes, Foresight Strategies, Innovation Media, and Innovation Ecosystems, 2009, Inkinen, Kaivooja & Finland Futures Research Centre, Turku School of Economics.

Sandro M. Radicella , Role of Information Technology And Communications in Sustainable Development: Our Experience, Aeronomy and Radiopropagation Laboratory, http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-role-of-information-technology-and-communications

Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, College of Computer Science & Engineering, 2012.

Practical

Session:

The 4th Annual

Saudi

International

Technology

Incubation

Conference -

2012


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The 4th Annual Saudi International Technology Incubation Conference - 2012

Technology innovation and entrepreneurship are at the heart of all leading economies.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in these two fields as it recognizes

their importance in sustaining the economic growth and prosperity of the country...

KACST and the BADIR Program are organizing the 4th annual Saudi International Technology

Incubation Conference. The aim is to provide stakeholders and practitioners in the incubation

industry with a forum to meet with international and local experts to discuss the latest

developments in technology entrepreneurship, innovation and finance support, and the role

that incubators should play.

The conference will help to develop knowledge and understanding between incubation

practitioners and stakeholders, while providing networking opportunities that support the

development of the Saudi Arabian incubator industry, and its role in the creation of a

knowledge-based economy and a diversified technology industry base.

The conference will be held from 8 to 9 October 2012 (22 to 23 Dhu Al-Qa'dah, 1433 H), at the

KACST Conference Centre, KACST headquarters, King Abdullah Road, Riyadh.

The theme is 'Incubating Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurs' which highlights that incubation is a major driver of innovation and entrepreneurship.

Home - About Conference


http://www.icsaudi.org/2012/en/indexen.asp

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