Lectut MIN 210 PDF 05 Gas Turbines

8/17/2019 Lectut MIN 210 PDF 05 Gas Turbines

1/25

RAVI KUMA

GAS TURBINES


2/25

I I T R o o r k e e

GAS TURBINESThe gas turbine obtains its power by using energygases and air at high temperature and presexpanding in severa rings of moving and fixed b

The "uantity of the wor#ing f uid and speed re"more$ so$ genera y$ a %entrifuga or an axia

emp oyed!After %ompression$ it is re"uired either to invo ume of f uid at %onstant pressure or inpressure at %onstant vo ume! Genera y thpreferred and is attained by in%reasing the tempe

the gases!Apri &'$ ()&* Prof. Ravi Kumar, Department of Mechanical & Industrial En


3/25

I I T R o o r k e e

+,-.,NENTS ,/ A GAS TURBINE

%ompressor%ombustion %hamber

turbine

%ondenser

Apri &'$ ()&* Prof. Ravi Kumar, Department of Mechanical & Industrial En


4/25

I I T R o o r k e e

+1ASSI/I+ATI,N

on the basis of %ombustion pro%ess%onstant pressure 2 3ou e4Brayton %y%

%onstant vo ume 2At#inson %y% e5

on the basis of a%tion of expanding gas

impu se turbineimpu se4rea%tion turbine



5/25

I I T R o o r k e e

7

on the basis of path of wor#ing substan%eopen %y% e

% osed %y% esemi4% osed %y% e

on the basis of dire%tion of f ow

axia f ow 2power p ant 8 aviation5radia f ow



6/25

I I T R o o r k e e

Simp e ,pen +y% e Gas Turbine



7/25

I I T R o o r k e e

Simp e Gas Turbine +y% eaa


4

32

1

p

v1

2

3T


8/25

I I T R o o r k e e = − − −

= − − −

−

= − − − −

= 1 − − −



9/25

I I T R o o r k e e =

= =

− 1 = − 1

− −

=

= 1 − − −

= 1 − = 1 −1



10/25

I I T R o o r k e e = 1 −

1

=

1

= =



11/25

I I T R o o r k e e

A%tua Brayton +y% e

The f uid ve o%ities are high in turboma%hthe %hange in #ineti% energy between in et anea%h %omponent %annot ne%essari y be imay be ta#en %are by %onsidering stagnationproperties instead of stati% va ues!There are fri%tion osses in turbines and %omp



12/25

I I T R o o r k e e

A%tua +y% e


1

2

3

4

T

s

2 ’

4 ’


13/25

I I T R o o r k e e

7a%tua BThere is a sma pressure oss in the %ombustion %hThe mass of gas f ow in the turbine is 2&


14/25

I I T R o o r k e e

+y% e Air RateAir f ow rate re"uired for per #i owatt hour

=

=

!""

=!""

#$ %& ' ( ) * = +,

-



15/25

I I T R o o r k e e

he extra wor# supp ied to the %ompressor due to its iis not entire y wastefu be%ause the heat supp%ombustion %hamber is redu%ed!

= − 1

= 1 − 1

= 1 −1

− −



16/25

I I T R o o r k e e = 1 −

./0

/− 2 -3 4

/0/ − 1

= 1 − 1 − 1 − 1



17/25

I I T R o o r k e e

a



18/25

I I T R o o r k e e

If > %is e"ua to > t the ratio of T 0=T& %an be %awhi%h no wor# is possib e! This resu t in

56+ = =

If r ? 9@ effi%ien%ies are )!'9 and γ ? &!6 the t min is (means that for T & e"ua to ('' the T 0 is *0& 20


N meri% 4&


19/25

I I T R o o r k e e

Numeri%a 4&A gas turbine power p ant wor#s between the fixed andtemperature imits 0)) and ;)) $ the abso ute pressubeing &)) #.a and 6)) #.a! The isentropi% effi%

%ompressor is )!' and that of turbine is )!'9! Estimate ththerma effi%ien%y if he p ant and the power avaidriving externa oad if the fue %onsumption is &%a orifi% va ue of fue is 6( -3=#g!


eat Ex%hanger +y% e


20/25

I I T R o o r k e e

eat Ex%hanger +y% ea


( ) (( )43p

2p43pth TTc

TcTTc

−

−−=η

TTx

TT1

TT1

3

1

4

1th −=−=η


21/25

I I T R o o r k e e

en%e$ effi%ien%y of heat ex%hanger %y% e is nomaximum %y% e temperature and % ear y iin%reases!

As the t in%reases in is not ne%essary to in%rease



22/25


23/25


24/25


25/25

I I T R o o r k e e

T E ENC

DDD

Date post:	06-Jul-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	mukul-goyal
View:	220 times
Download:	0 times

Lectut MIN 210 PDF 05 Gas Turbines

Documents