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LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2...

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1 LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector: Opportunities, Challenges, and the CBEA Performance Specification Linda Sandahl, Michael Myer, Eric Richman Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy Ralph Williams, Walmart March 26, 2009
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Page 1: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

1

LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building

Sector: Opportunities, Challenges, and the CBEA

Performance Specification

Linda Sandahl, Michael Myer, Eric RichmanPacific Northwest National Laboratory,

on behalf of the U.S. Department of EnergyRalph Williams, Walmart

March 26, 2009

Page 2: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

2

Presentation Overview

Introductions and Project Background •

Linda Sandahl, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

LED Site Lighting -

Technology Status, Opportunities and

Challenges •

Eric Richman, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Commercial Building Energy Alliances (CBEA) LED Site Lighting Performance Specification

Michael Myer, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Everyday Sustainability

- LED Site Lighting Demonstrations

Ralph Williams, Walmart

Page 3: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Background

• In early 2008, The Retailer Energy Alliance (REA) identified LED site lighting as a near term project to pursue.

REA -

Informal associations among building owners and operators who want to reduce energy consumption

See: buildings.energy.gov/

alliances.html

• Technical assistance provided by DOE’s SSL Program

See: www.ssl.energy.gov

Page 4: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Background: CBEA LED Site Lighting Project

• Why LEDs may make sense for commercial parking lots–

Energy savings• Enhanced luminaire optical efficiency• Better total system efficacy (lumens per watt)• Control capability, e.g., dimming

Reduced maintenance costs–

Improved uniformity–

Environmentally friendly–

BUT products on the market vary greatly in terms of performance –

buyer beware!

• Timing–

REA Working Group established April 2008–

Performance Specification completed in early 2009• Updates to occur over time

Demonstration projects underway–

Large coordinated purchases expected in summer 2009

Page 5: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED Site Lighting -

Technology Status,

Opportunities and Challenges

Eric Richman, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Page 6: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

The LED Parking Lot

Photo courtesy of Beta LED

LED technology –

A good fit for parking lot lighting

Page 7: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

• Semi-conducting device

• Emits photons (visible light) when electric current is applied

• Wavelength (color) depends on the materials used, e.g.

Red: aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)–

Green: aluminum gallium phosphide (AlGaP)–

Blue: indium gallium nitride (InGaN)

Seoul Semiconductor Lamina TitanCree XLamp

What is an LED?

They’re not magic!

Page 8: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Power Conversion for “White” Light Sources

Incandescent†

(60W)

Fluorescent†

(Typical linear CW)

Metal Halide‡ LED

Visible Light 8 % 21 % 27 % 15-25+ %

Infrared energy 73 % 37 % 17 % ~ 0 %

Ultraviolet energy 0 % 0 % 19 % 0 %

Total Radiant Energy 81 % 58 % 63 % 15-25 %

Heat energy(Conduction + Convection)

19 % 42 % 37 % 75-85 %

Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %

IESNA Lighting Handbook –

9th

Ed ‡

OSRAM SYLVANIA

LED Myth #1

“LEDs Produce No Heat”…

[Not Exactly]

Page 9: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED Myth #2

LM Projections by Various Models

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

120%

130%

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000

Time, h

Iv, %

vs.

0 h

Model 0Model 1Model 2Model 3Model 4Model 5Model 6Model 7Data

“LEDs Last Forever”…

[Not Exactly]

Page 10: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Power Conversion for “White” Light Sources

Incandescent†

(60W)

Fluorescent†

(Typical linear CW)

Metal Halide‡ LED

Visible Light 8 % 21 % 27 % 15-25+ %

Infrared energy 73 % 37 % 17 % ~ 0 %

Ultraviolet energy 0 % 0 % 19 % 0 %

Total Radiant Energy 81 % 58 % 63 % 15-25 %

Heat energy(Conduction + Convection)

19 % 42 % 37 % 75-85 %

Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %†

IESNA Lighting Handbook –

9th

Ed ‡

OSRAM SYLVANIA

LED Myth #3

“LEDs are More Efficient Than Other Lighting” [Again Not Exactly…

Yet]

Page 11: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

• Energy Efficiency–

Currently overtaking fluorescent efficacy–

Directional/application efficiencies

• Long life–

Potential to exceed fluorescent and many HID

• Good lighting quality–

Color, distribution/uniformity

• Breakage/Vibration resistance

• Cold Temperature Friendly

• Instant-on –

Rapid Cycling –

Control Options

LED Attributes

Page 12: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED Issues?

• Cost -

still relatively high

Costs will ratchet down with time–

Bulk purchases and product stability will spur cost reductions–

Consider maintenance savings (carefully)

• “Life”

Reliability

Limited long term performance data–

Consider conservative lifetime approach –

for now

Page 13: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Design Criteria: Illuminance

Recommended Maintained Illuminances for Parking Lots per IESNA RP-20-98

Basic Enhanced Security

Minimum Horizontal Illuminance(amount of light falling on pavement)

0.2 0.5

Uniformity Ratio -

Maximum to Minimum 20:1 15:1

Current Practice in Parking Lot lighting:Retailers commonly require or default to between 2.0 and 5.0 fc–

This exceeds IESNA minimum recommendations (10X)Conventional light sources used -

MH and HPS–Optics often create “hot spots”–Wide variation in uniformity between sites and within sites

Page 14: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Design Criteria: Illuminance

MH Parking Lot LED Parking Lot

Average: 3.5

455W PMHMaximum: 9.0Minimum: 0.9Max : Min: 10.0

Average: 2.8

218W LEDMaximum: 5.2Minimum: 1.2Max : Min: 4.3

Page 15: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CALiPER (Commercially Available

LED Product Evaluation & Reporting)

DOE Product Testing

Page 16: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Streetlight Product Comparison

W Lumens lm/W CCT CRI PFSSL 1 55 1028 19 14628 74 0.93SSL 2 58 3179 55 6227 75 0.99SSL 3 73 3440 47 6052 72 0.99SSL 4 37 2588 70 5210 68 0.99SSL 5 95 3105 33 3101 72 0.99HPS 117 6540 56 2042 21 0.44Induction 1 69 3828 55 3906 75 0.96Induction 2 70 3398 49 4253 77 0.99

Test Data

Page 17: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

San Francisco

Minneapolis

Atlantic City

Oakland

LED Outdoor Lighting

Demonstrations

Portland

Page 18: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

FAA demonstration site

70W HPS 3-bar LED

Page 19: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Comparison of HPS and LED Outdoor Luminaires for FAA Demonstration Site

Existing 70W HPS LED 3-array Luminaire

Optional LED 2-array Luminaire

Total power draw 97W 72W 48WAverage illuminance levels 3.54 fc 3.63 fc 2.42 fcMaximum illuminance 7.55 fc 5.09 fc 3.40 fcMinimum illuminance 1.25 fc 1.90 fc 1.27 fcMax/Min Ratio

(uniformity)6.04:1 2.68:1 2.68:1

Energy consumption per luminaire

425 kWh/yr 311 kWh/yr 210 kWh/yr

Energy savings per luminaire

-- 114 kWh/yr (26.8%)

215 kWh/yr(50.6%)

Page 20: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA LED Site Lighting Performance Specification

Michael Myer, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Page 21: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Site not Product

Application-focused specification• Provides the minimum desired illuminance

Mounting Height and site layout affects lighting• Sets the maximum power density (W/sf) of site

Achieves energy efficiency/savings

Product-focused portion• Luminaire plays role in achieving specification• Some requirements need to be about the luminaire

Color characteristics–

Warranty–

Reliability of luminaire

Page 22: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Site Requirements

Page 23: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Site Requirements

Power Density & Illuminance RequirementsPower

DensityMain

Parking AreaPerimeter

Parking AreaFront Aisle Entry/Rear Drive,

Bale and Pallet Areas

LZ0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

LZ1 0.04 W/sf N/A N/A N/A N/A

LZ2 0.05 W/sf 0.50 fc 0.20 fc 1.00 fc 0.20 fc

LZ3 0.06 W/sf 0.75 fc 0.40 fc 1.50 fc 0.40 fc

LZ4 0.08 W/sf 1.00 fc 0.50 fc 2.00 fc 0.50 fc

Illuminance values meet or exceed IESNA RP-20-98, Lighting Parking Facilities, requirements

Page 24: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Site Requirements

Uniformity• Specified via Coefficient of Variation (CV)

Max : Min and Avg : Min only look at (2) values–

CV examines the distribution of data–

Required CV: 0.41–

Corresponds with 10:1 max:min

• Calculating CV:–

σ

= Standard of Deviation–

Xi

= illuminance at point I–

n = the number of points measured

X = the mean illuminance value

Page 25: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Luminaire Requirements

• Output/Distribution–

Cut-off classifications –

outdated IESNA metric–

“BUG”

Ratios –

new IESNA metric

• Color-related output–

Correlated Color Temperature (CCT)–

Color Rendering Index (CRI)

• Warranty

Page 26: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Page 27: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Maximum Allowed Lumens in the Uplight Zone for Luminaires

Lighting Zone Uplight Low (90° – 100°) Uplight High (100° – 180°)

LZ0 0 lumens (U0) 0 lumens (U0)

LZ1 10 lumens (U1) 10 lumens (U1)

LZ2 100 lumens (U2) 100 lumens (U2)

LZ3 500 lumens (U3) 500 lumens (U3)

Page 28: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Maximum Allowed Lumens in the Glare Zone for Asymmetric Luminaires

Forward High(60° – 80°)

Forward Very High

(80° – 90°)

Back High(60° – 80°)

Back Very High

(80° – 90°)LZ0 660 lumens (G0) 10 lumens (G0) 110 lumens (G0) 10 lumens (G0)LZ1 1800 lumens (G1) 250 lumens (G1) 500 lumens (G1) 250 lumens (G1)

LZ2 5000 lumens (G2) 375 lumens (G2) 1000 lumens (G2) 375 lumens (G2)

LZ3 7500 lumens (G3) 500 lumens (G3) 2500 lumens (G3) 500 lumens (G3)

LZ4 12000 lumens (G4) 750 lumens (G4) 5000 lumens (G4) 750 lumens (G4)

Page 29: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Maximum Allowed Lumens in the Glare Zone for Asymmetric Luminaires

Forward High(60° – 80°)

Forward Very High

(80° – 90°)

Back High(60° – 80°)

Back Very High

(80° – 90°)

LZ0 660 lumens (G0) 10 lumens (G0) 660 lumens (G0) 10 lumens (G0)

LZ1 1800 lumens (G1) 250 lumens (G1) 1800 lumens (G1) 250 lumens (G1)

LZ2 5000 lumens (G2) 375 lumens (G2) 5000 lumens (G2) 375 lumens (G2)

LZ3 7500 lumens (G3) 500 lumens (G3) 7500 lumens (G3) 500 lumens (G3)

LZ4 12000 lumens (G4) 750 lumens (G4) 12000 lumens (G4) 750 lumens (G4)

Page 30: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Luminaire Requirements

Correlated Color Temperature• The color appearance of the light source(s)• Acceptable CCTs: 2700 K –

6500 K–

In line with ANSI C78.377

Color Rendering Index• CRI of 70 or better

Acknowledged that CRI metric not designed for LEDs

Warranty• 5 years on luminaire and power supply

Page 31: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

CBEA Performance Spec: Performance Verification

Photometric Analysis• Manufacturer/Specification Entity provides 2 analyses:

Installation conditions–

Future conditions (assuming Light Loss Factors)

• Luminaire independently tested (LM-79-08)–

http://www.netl.doe.gov/ssl/comm_testing-labs.htm

• LED subjected to JEDEC reliability tests:–

HTOL/RTOL/LTOL/PTMCL/TMSK/Mechanical Shock/Variable Vibration Frequency/SHR/Autoclave

Mechanical Vibration• Numerous cycles and multiple Gs applied to the luminaire

No damage to the luminaire is allowed as a result of the test–

Luminaire must produce light post test

Page 32: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Everyday Sustainability – LED Site Lighting Demonstrations

Ralph Williams, Walmart

Page 33: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

EVERYDAY SUSTAINABILITY

LED SITE LIGHTING DEMONSTRATIONS

March 26, 2009

Image Area

Page 34: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Who better than Wal-Mart to make a kilowatt of electricity go twice as far?

-

Lee Scott, October 24, 2005

Image Area

Page 35: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

GOALS

- 20% Energy/GHG reduction in existing stores within 7 years

- 30% Energy/GHG reduction for new prototype within 4 years

Save money.Live better.

Page 36: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

GOALS

- To create zero waste

- To be supplied by 100% renewable energy

Save money.Live better.

Page 37: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED Site Lighting

Sustainable Lighting will help us meet these goals

Page 38: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Lighting Power Density (LPD)

Uplight

Trespass Light

Light Levels

Glare

Lighting regulations and standards are becoming more stringent

Need lighting solutions that enable adherence

trend Influencing bodies

Page 39: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Why LEDs for parking lots?Reduce maintenance

•Fewer lamps to replace & dispose

Save energy•Less site wattage•Instant re-strike and dimming•Lower LPD (better utilization of less light)

Reduce wasted light•Less light trespass with reduced shielding•No uplight

Improve Visibility•Smoother visual transition due to uniformity•Better vertical illuminace

Environmentally conscientious•Reduce hazardous waste•Reduce energy consumption

Page 40: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Wal-Mart’s first LED parking lot test has 8 months of runtime to date

205 watt GE LED400 watt PSMH Sag Glass

Case Study: Wal-Mart NHM in Rogers, Arkansas400W with 28ft mounting height

Page 41: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Learning #1: LEDs are more uniform

Uniformity improvement was noticeable, enabling lower average light level on site

GE LED < 2:1MH > 5:1

Page 42: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Learning #2: LEDs reduce site energy

>65% reduction in site energy saving $4,900/yr*

16.8 kW 5.6 kWSite Wattage

LPD (lighting power density) 0.086 W/sq ft 0.029 W/sq ft

GE LEDMH 400W

Page 43: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Learning #3: LEDs more efficiently address perimeter lighting requirements

LED is a great solution for tight local ordinances

GE LEDHID

MH: 908 W on pole GE LED: 200W on pole

Page 44: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

BETA Security Wall Pack Positioned over all Exterior Exits

Between 8 and 20 FC dependant on Mounting Height (8-10 FT)

Page 45: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Learning #4: Vertical illuminance improves with LEDs

Wal-Mart Security evaluated performance via security cameras; acceptable

GE LEDHID

HID

GE LED

GE LED

Page 46: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED vs HID Life and Lumen Maintenance

Learning #5: Less Maintenance

LEDs increases Wal-Mart’s relamp cycle and reduce spot replacement

Hours(Years)

% IN

ITIA

L LU

ME

NS ~75% Output

• 8 0

• 6 0

• 4 0

• 1 0 0

• 2 0

• 0

•40

0W H

ID P

ulse

St

art S

ugge

sted

R

elam

p

• 50% Dead

•40

0W H

ID

Puls

eSt

art

Life

Rat

ing

70% Output“L70”

HB

LLED

L Li

fe R

atin

g10

0% W

orki

ng

10 Years

• 2 Years

• 12, 50 0

• 1 0 0 0

• 2 5, 0 0 0

• 37, 500

• 50, 00 0

•HID failure is lamp not

functioning

•LED failure is 70% lumen

maintenance but still functions

•Est. maintenance costs are high

-Relamp ~ $25-$100/fixture

-Spot ~$200-$500/ fixture

-LED maintenance is minimal $

•LED systems require surge

protection

•5 year warranty

HID

(2.8) (5.6) (8.4) (11.2 )

LED

Page 47: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

400W MH

GE LED

Fixtures 37 33

Pole Size 25ft 25ft

Pole QTY 18 18

Site Wattage 16.8 kw 5.6 kw

Lighting Power Density (LPD) 0.086 W/ft2 0.029 W/ft2

Main park: Min Maintained fc 1.8 0.9

Main park: Average fc 2.85 1.18

Main park: Uniformity (max to min) 2.56 2.0

Energy Savings 67%

Maintenance Savings 92%

Est. New Payback <3.0

Est. Retrofit Payback <4.0

LEDs are ready and validated for 400W mounted 30 ft or below sites

Neighborhood Market

Page 48: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Now that Mounting Heights below 30 ft

utilizing 400W luminaires (or below) is validated

what is next?

Page 49: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

BETA LED Quad Installation at 42 ft Replacing 2-1000 Watt PSMH

Page 50: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

GE Quad Installation at 42 ft Replacing 2-1000 Watt PSMH

Limited Success Better Glare control, 60% energy reduction ….At this height and pole spacing would not meet the CBEA LED Site

Lighting Minimum footcandle Specification

Page 51: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Lithonia Higher Mounting Height 1000 Watt One for One Installation

• LED luminaires compared to typical drop-glass HID• Dramatic reduction in glare and sky glow

HID Fixtures

LED Fixtures

Page 52: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

.5fc

2fc

.5fc1fc

10fc5fc

Results:

The LED luminaire consumes <50% energy

The HID luminaire produces >200% more lumens, and >100% more delivered lumens

The illuminance “footprint”

is nearly equal

Lithonia One 500 Watt LED for each 1000 Watt MH luminaire

HID Luminaire:•

110,000 X 65% = 71,500 lumens

• 1,080 watts

LED Luminaire:• 32,000 lumens

• 496 watts

20:1 min/max

4:1 min/max

42’

mounting height, 170’

spacing

1fc

Page 53: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Lithonia One 500 Watt LED for each 1000 Watt MH luminaire

• Uniform illumination across the lot surface• Elimination of Hot Spot around pole

LED Pole

Photo taken from store entry

Page 54: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Lithonia One 500 Watt LED for each 1000 Watt MH luminaire

HID LED

LED illumination improves vertical footcandle levelsImproves facial recognition, feeling of safety and security

Page 55: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Are LEDs ready to roll-out across Wal-Mart’s new and

existing facilities?

Page 56: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Based on payback, yes and no!Three main factors drive the variation in

Wal-Mart’s paybacks

•Parking lot geometry

•Local ordinances restrictions

•Acquisition cost, $/lum

Page 57: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED is at a 3-7x $ premium over metal halide, LED will continue to improve

today 2015

210W LED ~$0.11/lumfixture lpw = 60

~$0.06/lum100-125 lpw

454W MH

1136W MH

~$0.015/lumfixture lpw = 51

Fixture type

~$0.008/lumfixture lpw = 51

minimal change

minimal change

Page 58: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

LED acquisition cost is high today but still delivers valuable benefit

LED

Metal HalideSite Energy Savings

Reduced maintenance (Service life & spot replacement)

Improved visual acuity (uniformity & verticals)

Reduced wasted light and “good neighbor”

Environmentally conscious (Efficient, no Hg & RoHS)

Page 59: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific
Page 60: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

1000W Supercenter test site planned for June 09

LPD more than 30% below most stringent current standard, site meets REA Zone 3 specification

1000W MH GE LED

Site Wattage 53.4 kw 18.5 kw

Lighting Power Density* (LPD) 0.112 0.043

Main park: Min Maintained fc 1.7 0.8

Main park: Average fc 4.61 1.25

Main park: Uniformity (max to min) 4.82 2.5

Meets REA spec No Yes

Energy Savings 65%

Maintenance Savings 81%

Est. Payback 6.0

*includes 22 HID wall mount fixtures

Leavenworth, KS

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0

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0.4

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0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0

0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9

0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1

0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1

0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0

0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.1

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.4 0.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0

0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2

1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.7

1.2 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.7

1.2 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7

1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.4

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.4

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Entr y Driv e 2

Illumi nance V alues (Fc)Aver age =0 .72Maxi mum =1 .3Mini mum =0 .3Avg/ Min Ra tio=2.4 0Max/ Min Ra tio=4.3 3No. Points = 397

Entr y Driv e 2

Illumi nance V alues (Fc)Aver age =0 .72Maxi mum =1 .3Mini mum =0 .3Avg/ Min Ra tio=2.4 0Max/ Min Ra tio=4.3 3No. Points = 397

R ear Ar ea

Ill uminanc e Value s (Fc)A verage =0.44M aximum =1.1M inimum =0.0A vg/Min Ratio= 0.00M ax/Min Ratio= 0.00N o. Poi nts= 54 6

R ear Ar ea

Ill uminanc e Value s (Fc)A verage =0.44M aximum =1.1M inimum =0.0A vg/Min Ratio= 0.00M ax/Min Ratio= 0.00N o. Poi nts= 54 6

Bale & Pallet

Ill uminanc e Valu es (Fc)Average =0.41Maximum =0.6Minimum =0.3Avg/Min Ratio= 1.37Max/Min Ratio= 2.00No. Poi nts= 40

Bale & Pallet

Ill uminanc e Valu es (Fc)Average =0.41Maximum =0.6Minimum =0.3Avg/Min Ratio= 1.37Max/Min Ratio= 2.00No. Poi nts= 40

Main Parking

I llumin ance Va lues (F c)Avera ge =1.1 0Maxim um =2.0Minim um =0.7Avg/M in Rati o=1.57Max/M in Rati o=2.86No. P oints= 2176

Main Parking

I llumin ance Va lues (F c)Avera ge =1.1 0Maxim um =2.0Minim um =0.7Avg/M in Rati o=1.57Max/M in Rati o=2.86No. P oints= 2176

I llumin ance Va lues (F c)Avera ge =1.5 1Maxim um =1.8Minim um =1.1Avg/M in Rati o=1.37Max/M in Rati o=1.64No. P oints= 177

F ront D rive

I llumin ance Va lues (F c)Avera ge =1.5 1Maxim um =1.8Minim um =1.1Avg/M in Rati o=1.37Max/M in Rati o=1.64No. P oints= 177

F ront D rive

Entry Drive 1

Illum inance Values (Fc)Ave rage =0 .64Max imum =1 .1Min imum =0 .2Avg /Min Ra tio=3. 20Max /Min Ra tio=5. 50No. Points = 176

Entry Drive 1

Illum inance Values (Fc)Ave rage =0 .64Max imum =1 .1Min imum =0 .2Avg /Min Ra tio=3. 20Max /Min Ra tio=5. 50No. Points = 176

25' BUILDING SETBACK

25' BUILDING SETBACK

GROSS LEASABLE AREA=184,146 S.F.TOTAL BUILDING AREA=199,430 S.F.

CUSTOMER ACCESSIBLE AREA=155,326 S.F.C-176-SGL-OL

K

E

TRUCKWELL

FFE = 915.00

GM CANOPY

NET 1.000 AC± NET 1.001 AC±

25' BLDG SETBACK

PROP. RETAINING WALL

10' G/U & SIDEWALK EASE.

25' BUILDING SETBACK

BAGGED GOODS AREA

EXIT

FENCED AREA

MAIN

ACCESS DRIVE EASEMENT

25' BUILDING SETBACK

PROP. LOT 1

RAISED

PLANTER

GROCERY CANOPY

25' BUILDING SETBACK

29.3095 AC.±1,276,723 S.F.

PROP. 1'WCURB FLUME

Page 61: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Leavenworth, KS challenges

Added additional pole to meet REA; did not meet for

HID

Difficult area to light required wallmount contribution to pass REA

spec for both LED and HID

TLE-ADA AreaRear Drive

0.8

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9

0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.4

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.6

0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.6

0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.5 1.6

1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.7

0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.6

1.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.5 2.2 1.5

0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 2.2 3.5 1.5

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.9 1.3

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.3 2.3

EXIT

MAIN

BAGGED GOODS AREA

K

Page 62: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Leavenworth, KS challengesPharmacy side: LED had to add extra pole due to lack of “excess lumens”

Main parking: stringent trespass control needs on 10th Street side drove larger than desired setback from property edge impacting normal Main parking area

1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4

1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6

1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7

1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7

1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0

1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 0.4

1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4

1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4

0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4

0.9 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3

0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

Illuminance Values (Fc)Avera ge =1.54Maxim um =1.8Minim um =1.2Avg/M in Ratio =1.28Max/M in Ratio =1.50No. P oints= 177

Front Drive

Illuminance Values (Fc)Avera ge =1.54Maxim um =1.8Minim um =1.2Avg/M in Ratio =1.28Max/M in Ratio =1.50No. P oints= 177

Front Drive

M ax/Min R atio=2.38N o. Point s= 1856

M ain Parking

Illum inance V alues (Fc)A verage = 1.27M aximum =1.9M inimum =0.8A vg/Min R atio=1.59M ax/Min R atio=2.38N o. Point s= 1856

M ain Parking

Illum inance V alues (Fc)A verage = 1.27M aximum =1.9M inimum =0.8A vg/Min R atio=1.59

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.9

0.9

29.3095 AC.±

25' BUILDING SETBACK

ACCESS DRIVE EASEMENT

PROP. LOT 11,276,723 S.F.

PROP. 1'WCURB FLUME

0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3

0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2

0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

1.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2

1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0

1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5

Entry Drive 2

Illuminance Values (Fc)Average =0.65Maximum =1.4Minimum =0.3Avg/Min Ratio=2.17Max/Min Ratio=4.67No. Points= 379

Entry Drive 2

Illuminance Values (Fc)Average =0.65Maximum =1.4Minimum =0.3Avg/Min Ratio=2.17Max/Min Ratio=4.67No. Points= 379

Page 63: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific
Page 64: LED Site Lighting in the Commercial Building Sector ......2009/03/26  · Walmart March 26, 2009 2 Presentation Overview Introductions and Project Background • Linda Sandahl, Pacific

Everyday Sustainability Opportunity

Everyday Sustainability64


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