Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C. LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT Health Risk Assessment – Define Phase Revision Record 01 07/02/2016 Issued for Approval Rev. Date Reason for Issue Originator/Custodian Checker Approver Copyright: This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without prior written consent of the owner.
Transcript
Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER
PLANT PROJECT
Health Risk Assessment – Define Phase
Revision Record
01 07/02/2016 Issued for
Approval
Rev. Date Reason for Issue Originator/Custodian Checker Approver
Copyright: This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor
any part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without
prior written consent of the owner.
1
Responsible RTA’s distribution list:
Hold Record
Specify any outstanding issues in the document
Hold No. Section Description of Hold
Revision Tracking
Specify significant changes from previous revisions of the document (sorted by date)
Rev. Date Description of Revision
01 07/02/2016 Issued for Define Phase
User Notes:
1. A controlled copy of the current version of this document is on PDO's live link. Before making reference to this document, it is the user's responsibility to ensure that any hard copy, or electronic copy, is current. For assistance, contact the Document Custodian.
2. Users are encouraged to participate in the ongoing improvement of this document by providing constructive feedback.
Name Function Signature
Jose F. Petrizzo M. Sr. IH
Ammar Kindi Interface Engineer
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Related Business Processes & CMF Documents
Related Business Processes
Code Business Process (EPBM 4.0)
Parent Document(s)
Doc. No. Document Title
Other Related CMF Document(s)
Doc. No. Document Title
SP-1194 Chemical Management
SP 1230 Medical Examination, Treatment and Facilities
SP-1231 Occupational Health
SP-1232 Public Health
SP-1234 Personal Protective Equipment
PR-1243 Medical Emergency Response
PR-1418 Reporting and investigation of HSE incidents (Incident Notification, Reporting and Follow-up Procedure Part 1)
PR-2108 Fit testing for Respirator Users
PR-2109 Legionella Management Program
PR-2111 Manual Material Handling
3
Table of Contents
0. Introduction to the HRA report _________________________________________________________ 4
1. HRA Scope _________________________________________________________________________ 4
2. HRA Team __________________________________________________________________________ 9
The Health Risk Assessment (HRA) report is used by PDO to process and store health related information. The report starts with a description of the scope of the HRA and the persons involved in sections 1 and 2. The remedial actions from the HRA are presented in report section 3, and are sorted by priority. Section 4 provides information from the detailed appraisals. The focus here is on High and Medium RAM rated risks. Section 5 provides an overview of generally applicable controls and recovery measures. Section 6 lists the status of the Low RAM rated risks that were reviewed during the HRA. The report concludes with definitions and a diagram of the RAM risk matrix in appendices 1 and 2.
1. HRA Project Scope
Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) Government Gas directorate’s has initiated numerous
projects to enhance Gas production from Oman field to meet the increased demand for Gas locally
and from international market. This has necessitated for a reliable and robust Power supply
requirement in Lekhwair area.
PDO plans Combined Cycle Power station (CCPS) to meet this load growth, increase system
efficiency and adhere to latest environment emission norms.
Lekhwair area has been selected because it is the corner station of the PDO electrical grid, thus
facing voltage issues during maintenance/outage of the generator units in North Oman.
The Lekhwair Combined Cycle Power Plant (LEK-CCPS) will be of modular construction and will
comprise initially of one Frame 6FA Gas Turbine (GT) and Steam Turbine (ST) units.
The major equipment, components and auxiliary systems include the following as a minimum:
1. 1 x Frame 6FA Gas Turbine Generator Material Packages
2. 1 x Steam Turbine Generator Material Packages
3. 1 x Heat Recovery Steam Generator Material Packages (vertical/Horizontal)
4. Air Cooled Condenser and its associated auxiliaries as mentioned in Section C6-27 of the Specification
5. HP, IP and Auxiliary steam system
6. HP & IP Bypass system with its associated spray control valves as outlined in the specification.
7. Steam Drain System
8. Fuel Gas Treatment Plant (GTP) consisting of 2 x 100% equipment with provision for automatic changeover (2 x 100% systems)
9. Hydrocarbon closed drains and vent system for the gas treatment plant, including a common Drain/Vent KO Vessel and cold Vent Stack.
10. Emergency Diesel Generator, with Day Fuel Tanks
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11. Potable Water System
12. De-mineralized Water plant
13. Rejected Water System
14. Instrument / Service Air System
15. Control, Safeguarding and Fire & Gas Systems
16. Communication & Digital Surveillance Systems
17. Electrical Auxiliary Systems including auxiliary transformers, MV & LV Switchgear, UPS Systems and associated power station ancillary equipment / systems.
18. 132kV Gas Insulated Substation and 132kV OHL’s
19. SCADA System
20. Complete control, safe-guarding, protection and monitoring system for Combined cycle power station that includes complete Process Automation System (“PAS” consisting of FCS, IPS, FGS) and BOP skid / packaged equipment control & safe-guarding systems.
21. Civil Works including 132kV substation control building, Unit Electrical Building, GTP building, DM Plant building and all equipment foundations etc.
2. HRA Team Responsible for HRA: José F. Petrizzo M. (MCOH1) – Sr. Industrial Hygienist
Input Provided By: Ammar Kindi (UIE51P)
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3. Remedial Actions
Priority Work Area Hazard, RAM Rating and Scenario Recommended Remedial Action / Date / Resp. 1 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE
POWER PLANT PROJECT GENERIC CONTROLS
1. Site verification is required to finalize the effectiveness of controls, recovery measures and final ALARP conditions mentioned in this HRA. Date: Till commissioning (2017) Responsible: Project Team
2. Study substitution of Biocide and Demulsifier for correspondant less harmful substances content.
Date:
Responsible:
1 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
GENERIC RECOVERY MEASURES 1. Review ERP and update if necessary to ensure that
personnel are aware of the emergency response procedures. Date: Responsible:
1 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Psychological Hazards and Stress
RAM: High All staff (on and off plot) have the potential to experience isolation from family and friends, especially those on rotational duty; working on dead-lines, pressure owning to the nature of the work environment is inherent.
1. Administrative controls: Confirm a fatigue risk
management program is available for implementation covering HSE critical jobs.
Date: . Responsible:
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Priority Work Area Hazard, RAM Rating and Scenario Recommended Remedial Action / Date / Resp. 1
LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Manual Handling - Lifting, Lowering,
carrying, pushing, pulling
Awkward Posture of the Shoulder, Neck,
Back (not associated with force)
Kneeling, Squatting, Standing on 1 leg,
Contact Stress on legs due low and high
walking displacement
RAM: Medium Operators, Maintenance and Technicians are required to move materials, open and close valves and manually manipulate controls.
1. Implement all HFE DEPs standards required by DCAF and follow all remedial actions stated in Human Factors Engineering Screening report and studies requested. Date: During Responsible:
2 LEKHWAIR UPPER SHUAIBA DEVELOPMENT PHASE 1
Noise
RAM: Medium All staff working on process facilities has the potential for exposure to plant noise and equipment. Potential sources of noise in process facilities include noisy plant (e.g. chemical injection pumps, transfer pumps etc).
1. Ask vendor for SPL output new pumps characteristic.
2. Ensure that separation distance between new pumps and existing equipment is in compliance with PDO SP-1127. Date: Responsible:
2 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Legionella bacteria (waterborne)
RAM: Medium All staff (on plot and off plot) has the potential to be exposed to the following Legionella sources: showers/ aerolised water, water from fire water systems, potable water, any scenario where ambient temperature water may become airborne and inhaled.
1. Process design/equipment standards: Provide information about water origin and confirm that the design of potential water sources prevents aerosols, dead legs and stagnant water. Date: Responsible:
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Priority Work Area Hazard, RAM Rating and Scenario Recommended Remedial Action / Date / Resp. 3 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE
POWER PLANT PROJECT Heat Stress / Hot Temperature Differentials
RAM: Medium Working with BA (breathing apparatus) and confined space entry work presents an additional risk factor due to the increased metabolic rate due to PPE load.
1. Define critical activities and conduct risk assessment for use of BA sets.
Date: Responsible:
3 LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Histoplasma Capsulatum (contact with bird
droppings)
RAM: Low During routine presence under shade or roof areas
1. Install a roof net or alarm/sirens to avoid pigeon rest and nesting Date: Responsible:
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4. Health Hazard Inventory and Detailed Risk Appraisals
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Very Toxic Acute: Chemical asphyxiation causing respiratory paralysis, irritant; unconsciousness, fatality RAM: 4C
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Damage to nasal tissues. RAM: 2B
Scenario Mechanical/instrument maintenance operators are potentially exposed to Hydrogen Sulfide during normal operations and during invasive maintenance. Exposure scenario's exists in process streams (both operations and maintenance)
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Gas
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit TWA: 5 ppm. STEL: 10 ppm
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status YES
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Local Control - PDO occupational exposure criteria and environmental air quality criteria established. HAZOP performed
Process design/equipment standards - Design uses mechanical seals on pumps and dry gas seals on sour gas compressors.
Leak detection & repair surveys - Leak sources are minimized through leak path reduction.
Hazard identification by signs/warnings/labels - Equipment and lines labeled in accordance with SP1284, SP1166 and DEP 30 00 60 21.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan.
Remedial Actions Priority
12
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Corrosive to eyes and lungs. Inhalation can produce asthma-like reactions, reflex spasm of the larynx and respiratory arrest to fatality RAM: 4C
Scenario During routine operations, sampling or maintenance task Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Gas
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit TWA: 2 ppm. STEL: 5 ppm
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO ALARP Justification Verification of controls Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Good engineering design practice in accordance with SP-1006 Aqueous Effluents, SP-2008 Use of Energy, Materials and Resources, SP-1009 Waste Management SP-1125 Isolation of Process Equipment, SP-1126 Drain Systems, SP-1127 Specification for Facility Siting, Layout and Spacing, SP-1190 Design for sour or Sour Service. The design of sampling equipment and sampling points to minimize personal exposure risks.
Hazard identification by signs/warnings/labels - Equipment and lines labeled in accordance with SP1284, SP1166 and DEP 30 00 60 21.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority 1. Perform HAZOP (dispersion model to identify potential high SO2.) and HAZID
workshops
1
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Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Natural Gas Condensate (C5-C10 hydrocarbons)
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract, CNS depression RAM: 2C
Chronic Potential Health Effects
IARC 1 - Human carcinogen, damage to bone marrow and immune system, dermatitis. RAM: 4B
Scenario Production operators and maintenance staffs (of crude and condensate handling systems) are potentially exposed to these sources: All off-plot production gathering facilities; and during sampling and analysis.
Route & Form of Exposure
Dermal, Inhalation Liquid
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit PDO Control Banding
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Good engineering design practice in accordance with CP117, GU611, SP1127, SP1190. The design of sampling equipment and sampling points to minimize personal exposure risks.
Hazard identification by signs/warnings/labels - Equipment and lines labeled in accordance with SP1284, SP1166 and DEP 30 00 60 21.
Close system/ vapor recovery or return to flare Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
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Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Simple Asphyxiants- Nitrogen Blanket, Inert Gases, Oxygen Depletion, and
Gas Releases
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Asphyxiation, to be addressed in HEMP or Safety Case RAM: 4C
Chronic Potential Health Effects
None known RAM:
Scenario Maintenance staff and Production Operators who are involved in gas tests, purging, confined spaces etc have potential exposure to Nitrogen through these sources: Nitrogen supply system for purging on plot vs. piping in vessels; Nitrogen cylinders. All workers who use the cascade breathing air system.
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Gas
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Ventilation-General dilution - Natural ventilation. Process design/equipment standards - Nitrogen purged through hard pipe system (near to vessel) and vented to flare
Process design/equipment standards - Fixed connection points. Process design/equipment standards - Safe guarding system for the breathing air supply system. System designed to provide safe air for breathing purposes (CSA Standard Z180 Compressed Breathing Air and Systems).
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
15
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Combustion particulates/toxic smoke (Carbon mono and dioxide)
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
CO affects blood, resulting in carboxyhaemoglobinemia and cardiac disorders. Can be fatal. RAM: 4B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
CO is a EU Risk Category 1 Teratogen, may cause harm to unborn child. RAM: 4B
Scenario All on-plot staffs have potential for exposure through heaters, flares and confined space entry.
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
16
Work Area/Job LEKHWAIR UPPER SHUAIBA DEVELOPMENT PHASE 1
Hazard Unknown chemicals during an emergency
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Various including irritation, asphyxiation, burns (if corrosive) RAM: 4B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Dependant of the chemical potential damage (systemic, carcinogen). RAM: 4B
Scenario During an emergency (fire, reactions, combustion) Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Gas
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes ALARP Justification Controls in place Controls Effectiveness
PPE – Respirators and SCBA
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Emergency response procedures - Emergency escape provisions included in facility design.
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
17
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Man made or synthetic vitreous fibres
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Irritant to skin and respiratory tract RAM: 2B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
IARC 2B - Possible human carcinogen. Chronic persistent inflammation and fibrosis. Effects on lungs RAM: 4B
Scenario During asbestos removal task
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation, ingestion, dermal/contact Particle
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit 2 f/cc
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO
ALARP Justification Verification of controls
Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Good engineering design practice in accordance with SP-1006 Aqueous Effluents, SP-2008 Use of Energy, Materials and Resources, SP-1009 Waste Management SP-1125 Isolation of Process Equipment, SP-1126 Drain Systems, SP-1127 Specification for Facility Siting, Layout and Spacing, SP-1190 Design for sour or Sour Service.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Verify that insulation substances selected are not categorized as carcinogens (i.e. :Special purposes glass Type 475, MMVF 33, E-glass, Owens-Corning glass wool fibre)
2
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Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Mercury (7439-97-6)
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Acute poisoning, neurological effects RAM: 3B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Effects on kidneys and central nervous system, emotional and psychological disturbances, effects on reproduction. RAM: 3C
Scenario Breakage of mercury containing equipment and subsequent cleanup. Digestion Solution for COD contains mercury - samples are heated to 140C.
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation and Contact Liquid / solid
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit TWA: 0.025 mg/m3
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Implementation of PDO SP-2087 & PR-1515 for Mercury management
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Spill clean-up kit
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
19
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Awkward Posture of the Shoulder, Neck, Back (not associated with force)
Kneeling, Squatting, Standing on 1 leg, Contact Stress on legs due low
and high walking displacement
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Acute strain or sprain to muscles and joints. Muscular fatigue or discomfort, may include numbness in the legs. Strain or sprain RAM: 3C
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Chronic musculo-skeletal disorders. Lower body joint disorders RAM: 3D
Scenario Operators, Maintenance and Technicians are required to move materials, open and close valves and manually manipulate controls.
Route & Form of Exposure
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO
ALARP Justification Site verification and reviews are needed
Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Design include HFE DEP 30 00 60 10. 3D model reviews carried out for outdoor installations to identify and address ergonomic issues. Access to valves and sampling points included during HFE screening (part of model review).
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Implement all HFE DEPs standards required and follow all remedial actions stated in Human Factors Engineering Screening report issued in April 2015
1
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Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Scenario Food and/or drinking water is handled and provided to staff.
Route & Form of Exposure
Ingestion Solid and liquid
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Written procedure/safe work practice - A Catering Contractor will be selected based on having a food safety management system (FSMS) aligned with HACCP. The Catering contract will include requirements for Good Hygiene Practices and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point, as is the practice in PDO.
Audits and Inspections - FSMS audited internally and SME's to conduct external audits.
Process design/equipment standards - Dedicated food preparation and eating facilities as part of catering approval process. Food handling facilities are planned, designed and constructed meeting local and international best practices (aligned with PDO catering requirements).
Vector control measures - Effective pest control and sanitation programs.
Fitness to Work - Fitness to Work protocols implemented for food handlers meeting country specific or PDO Health protocols (whichever is more stringent).
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
21
Work Area/Job LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Infectious, venomous and dangerous animal bites
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Severe wounds, tetanus, rabies, poisoning, acute renal failure and anaphylactic shock only for snakes RAM: 4B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
None known RAM:
Scenario During outdoor activities Route & Form of Exposure
Dermal
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes ALARP Justification No cases (prevalence) in last 6 years. Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Written procedure/safe work practice - Written site procedure discourages unauthorized night outing to minimize chance-meeting of reptiles.
Personal bite prevention - Workers are discouraged from night-time outings when reptiles are known to be more active.
Vector control measures - Periodic fumigation Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
22
Work Area/Job LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Scenario During outdoors activities Route & Form of Exposure
Dermal
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes ALARP Justification No cases (prevalence) in last 6 years. Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Written procedure/safe work practice Personal bite prevention Vector control measures - Periodic fumigation Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
23
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Legionella bacteria (waterborne)
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Pontiac fever (mildest form of infection); Legionnaires' disease - pneumonia (severest form of infection - may be fatal) RAM: 4B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Effects on lung function RAM: 3B
Scenario All staff (on plot and off plot) has the potential to be exposed to the following Legionella sources: showers/ aerolised water, water from fire water systems, potable water, any scenario where ambient temperature water may become airborne and inhaled.
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Aerosol
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit Action Level: 100 cfu/ml
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO
ALARP Justification Design verification of controls
Controls Effectiveness
Written procedure/safe work practice - PDO Legionella management procedure is in place, ready for implementation. The procedure requires that water systems and equipment that are a potential source of Legionella are identified, documented, assessed and a monitoring and control program defined.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Process design/equipment standards: Provide information of water origin and confirm that the design of potential water sources prevents aerosols, dead legs and stagnant water.
2
24
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Histoplasma Capsulatum (contact with bird droppings)
RAM: Low
Acute Potential Health Effects
In people who develop histoplasmosis disease, symptoms are similar to pneumonia, including: fever, chest pains, and a dry or nonproductive cough. Some people may also experience joint pain. RAM: 3B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
In some people, usually those who have weakened immune systems, histoplasmosis can develop into a long-term lung infection, or it can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body, such as the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) RAM: 3A
Scenario During routine presence under shade or roof areas
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation solid
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO ALARP Justification controls need improvement Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Facility design conforms to standards. Written procedure/safe work practice - There is a maintenance program in place but needs improvement.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Local Medical Services
Remedial Actions Priority 1. Install a roof net or alarm/sirens to avoid pigeon rest and nesting 3
25
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Heat Stress / Hot Temperature Differentials
RAM: Medium
Acute Potential Health Effects
Heat stroke leading to death (lesser symptoms: exhaustion, cramps, rash, and fatigue). Could be fatal RAM: 4B
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Dermatitis RAM: 2C
Scenario Working with BA (breathing apparatus) and confined space entry work presents an additional risk factor due to the increased metabolic rate due to PPE load.
Route & Form of Exposure
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO ALARP Justification controls need improvement Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Design makes provision for separate resting areas with AC and fresh, cool water supply
Fitness to Work - Medical fitness to work standards has been established for users of BA sets.
Training and information on hazard - Processes and procedures in place for effective supervision.
Administrative controls, such as area restrictions and limited schedules - Provisions made for shaded areas and cool drinking water. Offices with AC are available on plot, for example the Central Control Room.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Define critical activities and conduct risk assessment for use of BA sets. 3
26
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Skin burns, erythema (reddening of the skin) and darkening of the skin. Photokeratitis (painful condition caused by the inflammation of the cornea of the eye). Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva). Eye disorders with pain and discomfort ("flash burn", "arc eye") RAM: 2C
Chronic Potential Health Effects
IARC 1 - Human carcinogen (skin cancer). Skin aging. May cause pterygium, cataracts and macular degeneration RAM: 4B
Scenario All staff (on plot and off plot) is exposed to direct sun in desert environment. In addition, welding activities adds another source of exposure for welders (for example during gas welding).
Route & Form of Exposure
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Plant layout makes provision for sheltered areas to provide relief from sun exposures.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
27
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Noise induced hearing loss (permanent threshold shift); tinnitus (ringing in ears) RAM: 2D
Scenario All staff working on process facilities has the potential for exposure to plant noise and equipment. Potential sources of noise in process facilities include noisy plant (e.g. chemical injection pumps, transfer pumps etc).
Route & Form of Exposure
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit 85 dBA
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO
ALARP Justification Verification of controls
Controls Effectiveness
Process design/equipment standards - Equipment sourced for emissions lower than 85dB(A) - included in the equipment BID data sheets.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Event-based: IH monitoring - Noise mapping during commission - Company hearing conservation plan implemented for areas exceeding 85dB(A).
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Ask vendor for SPL output pumps characteristic. 2. Ensure that separation distance between new pumps and existing
equipment is in compliance with PDO SP-1127.
2
28
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
IARC 1 - Human carcinogen. Damage to reproductive system and blood cells. RAM: 4B
Scenario Operations and Maintenance staff have the potential for exposure to NORM during opening of vessels or pigging lines, working on Xmas trees, flow lines and test separators.
Route & Form of Exposure
Inhalation Dust / Particulate
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit 20 mSv/y
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status Yes
ALARP Justification Controls in place
Controls Effectiveness
Monitoring: Other measurements - If deposits are found, monitoring is required and actions implemented as per Management of NORM procedure, SP-1170 (Management of NORM).
Written procedure/safe work practice - addresses disposal location of NORM contaminated materials/equipment.
Written procedure/safe work practice - Sampling and disposal in accordance with SP-1170.
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Medical Facilities in place, First Aid, Medical Emergency Response Plan
Remedial Actions Priority
29
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Hazard Psychological Hazards and Stress
RAM: High
Acute Potential Health Effects
Stress symptoms like headaches, high blood pressure, sleep disturbance, irritability, Chest pain, Difficulty breathing, Severe pain, Symptoms of shock (shallow breathing, rapid or weak pulse, nausea, shivering, pale and moist skin, mental confusion, and dilated pupils), Fatigue, Nausea/vomiting, Dizziness, Profuse sweating, Thirst, Visual difficulties, Clenching of jaw, Nonspecific aches and pains RAM: 2D
Chronic Potential Health Effects
Anxiety, depression, severe gastrointestinal symptoms, heart attack. Suicide. RAM: 4D
Scenario All staff (on and off plot) have the potential to experience isolation from family and friends, especially those on rotational duty; working on dead-lines, pressure owning to the nature of the work environment is inherent.
Route & Form of Exposure
Frequency & Duration of Exposure
Exposure Limit
Exposure Rating & Justification
ALARP Status NO
ALARP Justification Site verification of controls
Controls Effectiveness
Stress - generic organizational controls - Clear organizational structure with adequate human resources. Written procedure/safe work practice: new recruitment man power process to support added operational activities and area-time inspection increments.
Local Control - Good camp, welfare and sport facilities. No overcrowding in facilities or in accommodations.
Training and information on hazard - Periodic health awareness (with focus on suicide prevention) and general stress awareness provided at all work locations by PDO Occupational Health team (e.g. during HSSE meetings).
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Stress - generic recovery measures - Employee assistance program (call centre during office hours).
Remedial Actions Priority
1. Administrative controls: Confirm a fatigue risk management program is available for implementation covering HSE critical jobs.
1
30
5. Generic Controls, Recovery Measures and Remedial Actions
Work Area LEKHWAIR COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECT
Controls Effectiveness
Regulations, standards, specifications and procedures to be applied to the project
Plant layout, bunding and drainage
Implement area isolation
Use standardized equipment and conventional technology
Energy efficiency in equipment & technology
Incorporate Lessons learned
Strict management of change post DG3b; Derive very clear baseline values
Have experienced resources
Automation of the facilities
MOPO/SIMOPS workshops
Proper training
Recovery Measures Effectiveness
Safety Showers and eye wash
Recovery from hazardous events, fire & gas detection, fire response, ESD, blowdown, escape and evacuation
To be reviewed
Remedial Actions Priority
CONTROLS: 1. Site verification is required to finalize the effectiveness of controls,
recovery measures and final ALARP conditions mentioned in this HRA.
1
RECOVERY MEASURES: 1. ERP to be developed to ensure that personnel are aware of the emergency
response procedures.
1
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6. Control statements for Low RAM Hazards
Work Area/Job Hazard CONTROLS NEED IMPROVEMENT? MORE DETAILED ASSESSMENT?
Yes, see detailed appraisal according to substances
Biocides [EG + Glutaraldehyde + isopropanol)
Yes, see detailed appraisal according to substances
Solvents / Degreasers/ detergent No
Lubricating Oils, C16-C35 Hydrocarbons (includes oil mist and glycerin), Greases (< 3%PCAH Content) and dielectric oils
No
Hydraulic and heat transfer fluids No
Fire foam and ABC powder No
Fungus/mold growth, or bioaerosols
No
Histoplasma Capsulatum (contact with bird droppings)
Yes, see detailed appraisal
Virus of colds, influenza, and Norovirus
No
Indoor climate No
Visible light (illumination - too much; too little) - wavelength 400 - 780 nm (non-ionizing radiation)
No
Extremely Low Frequency magnetic radiation (ELF) - wavelength: > 30 km (non-ionizing radiation)
No
Radiowave/Microwave radiation - wavelength 1 mm - 30 km (non-ionizing radiation)
No
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Appendix 1: Definitions Acute Health Effect Health Effect that occurs immediately or a short time (seconds to hours) following exposure, such as heat stroke, chemical burns and asphyxiation. Agent See Hazard ALARP - As Low As Reasonably Practicable The point at which the cost (in time, money and effort) of further Risk reduction is grossly disproportionate to the Risk reduction achieved. Barrier A Risk Control or a Recovery Measure. Barriers provide the means of preventing an Event or Incident, or of mitigating the Consequences. A Barrier can be an item of equipment or a human intervention, and can also be a Control on an Escalation Factor. Chronic Health Effect Health Effect that occurs gradually over a long period of time (months or years), generally following repeated and prolonged exposure. In specific cases a short term exposure may result in a chronic health effect. Consequence An Effect on people, assets, the environment or reputation as a result of a Hazard being released. Control A means of preventing an Incident. Controls can be engineering, procedural or behavioural. Critical Activity An activity necessary for the development, implementation or maintenance of a Barrier established for managing Hazards with RAM red Risks. Effect The Consequence of the release of a Hazard. Escalation Factor A situation, condition or circumstance that may lead to the partial or full failure of a Barrier. Event An Incident that occurs when a Hazard is released. Exposure Limit The airborne concentration of chemical agents and levels of physical agents to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse Effect. Exposure Rating The chance of over-exposure to a health hazard when compared against agreed control standards. The exposure rating is evaluated as Very Low, Low, Medium or High. Hazard An agent with the potential to cause harm to people, damage to Assets, or an Impact on the environment or reputation. Health Hazard A factor of a physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic or psychological nature with the potential to cause harm to the health of people. HRA - Health Risk Assessment
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A process of identifying, evaluating, controlling and managing Health Risks, associated with work to prevent acute and chronic health Effects. Incident An unplanned Event or chain of Events that has, or could have, resulted in injury or illness or damage to Assets, the environment or reputation. Likelihood The probability that a specified Consequence will happen. OEL – Occupational Exposure Limit The airborne concentration of chemical agents and levels of physical agents to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse effect. RAM - Risk Assessment Matrix A tool used to assess the Consequences and Risks of Hazards to HSSE. The results are referred to as a RAM Severity rating and a RAM Risk rating. Recovery Measure A Barrier that reduces the Consequences of the release of a Hazard as a result of an Incident. Recovery Measures can be engineering, procedural or behavioural measures. Remedial Action Plan RAP - A Plan to implement corrective action items. Risk The combination of the Consequence of a specific Hazard being released and the Likelihood of it happening. Risk Assessment The process of identifying the Consequences of the Worst Case Credible Scenario arising from the release of a Hazard, and estimating the Likelihood of that scenario. Severity A level of Consequence on the RAM on a scale of 0 to 5. TBD To be determined.
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