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The Computer
as a Tutor
LESSON 10
-the computer is one of the wonders of human ingenuity, even it its original design in the 1950’s to carry out complicated mathematical and logical operations. With the invention of the microcomputer(now also commonly referred to PCs or personal computers), the PC has become the tool for programmed instruction
Computer as a
Tutor
Lesson 10
-The computer can be a tutor in effect relieving the teacher of many activities in his personal role as classroom tutor.
Lesson 10
Computer as a
TutorComputer-
assisted instruction(CAI)
Even with the available computer and CAI software, the teacher must:
insure that students have the needed knowledge and skills for any computer activity
decide the appropriate learning objectives
plan the sequential and structured activities to achieve objectives
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
evaluate the students’ achievement by ways of tests the specific expected outcomes
The students in CAI play their own roles as learners as they:
receive information understand instructions for the computer activity
retain/keep in mind the information and rules for the computer activity
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
apply the knowledge and rules during the process of computer learning.
During the computer activity proper in CAI the computer, too, plays its roles as it:
acts a sort of tutor (the role traditional played by the teacher)
provides a learning environment
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
delivers learning instruction reinforces learning through drill-and-practice
provides feedback
CAI works best in reinforcing learning through repetitive exercises such that students can practice basic skills or knowledge in various subject areas.
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
The questions arises: when and how can teachers integrate drill and practice programs with their lessons? The following suggestions can be made:
use drill and practice programs for basic skills and knowledge that require rapid or automatic response by students
ensure that drill and practice activities conform to the lesson plan/curriculum
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
limit drill and practice to 20-30 minutes to avoid problem
use drill and practice to assist students with particular weakness in basic skills
teach new content/new information on to students (inasmuch as CAI provides practice on old already learned content)
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
provide comprehensive information on concepts in addition to practice exercise.
can be effectively use for remediation, reviewing, or enrichment.
allow the teacher to introduce follow- up questions to stimulate students learning.
permits group activity for cooperative learning
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
Simulation Programs-simulation software materials are
another kind of software that is constructivist in nature. This simulation software:
teachers strategies and rules applied to real-life problems/situations.
asks students to make decision on models or scenarios.
allows students to manipulate elements of a model and get the experience of the effects of their decisions.
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
Instructional Games-while relating to low-level learning
objectives, instructional computer games add the elements of competition and challenge
Problem Solving Software-this are more sophisticated than the drill
and practice exercise and allow students to learn and improve on their problem solving ability. Since problems cannot be solved simply by memorizing facts the students have to employ higher thinking skills such as logic, recognition, reflection, and strategy-making
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
Multimedia, Encyclopaedia And Electronic Books.
The multimedia encyclopaedia can store a huge database with text, images, audio and video.
Electronic books provide textual information for reading, supplemented by others type of multimedia information(sounds, spoken, words, pictures animation).
Computer as a
TutorLesson 10
Computer as a
Tutor
Lesson 10
“Thank you for
listening”