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Lesson 16: Working with Formulas and Functions
2
Learning Objectives
After studying this lesson, you will be able to: Create formulas to calculate values, utilizing the proper
syntax and order of operations
Employ a variety of methods to use the IF logical function
and statistical functions that determine the sum, average,
count, maximum, and minimum of a range of numbers
Use relative, absolute, and mixed cell references in formulas
Modify and copy formulas
Display the formulas contained within cells rather
than the resulting values
3
Formulas and Functions
Formula
Simply a math problem done in Excel
Function
Prewritten formula that helps simplify complex
procedures (for numbers and text)
4
AutoSum
Automatically sums a column or row of numbers
Here, cell B9 was active and then the AutoSum
command was issued; Excel will propose to add
the numbers above the cell
5
Status Bar Functions & Customization
Right-clicking on the status bar
displays a menu from which
you can add items to or delete
them from the Status Bar
Notice the functions
displayed on the status bar
6
Creating Formulas
Start with “ = ”
Use cell and range references when possible
Arithmetic operators in formulas:
Addition: +
Subtraction: -
Multiplication: *
Division: /
Exponentiation: ^
Percent: %
Grouping: ( )
7
Cell and Range References
Advantages:
When references are used, formulas can be copied to
other cells
Since a reference refers to a cell or a range of cells, the
formula results are automatically recalculated when the
data is changed in the referenced cell(s)
8
Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally
Determines the order of operations in formulas:
Parentheses
Exponents
Multiplication
Division
Addition
Subtraction
Tip! To remember the order of operations, use the
pseudonym “Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally.”
9
Using Cell References in Formulas
Relative: When you
copy a formula, the
cell references
update automatically
and refer to new cells relative to the new formula cell
Absolute: Absolute references always refer to the same
cell, regardless of which cell the formula is moved or
copied to
Note! Absolute cell references
are denoted with $ signs.
Relative cell reference
Absolute cell
reference
10
Modifying Formulas
Can modify in one of two places:
Formula Bar
In cell
Notice the insertion
point in the active cell
(B6) that is being edited
Referenced cells are
outlined in various colors
11
Copying Formulas
Copy and Paste
OR
AutoFill
If you use the fill handle, you can click the
AutoFill Options button to choose how to
copy or fill the information from the source to
destination cells
12
Displaying Formulas
Choose to display formulas, rather than the resulting
values, in cells
Tip! Use the Show Formulas button ( ) to toggle
between displaying formulas and values
13
Formula AutoComplete
Jumps into action once you type “ = ” and the
beginning letters of a function in a cell
Choose from the wide variety of functions
suggested by Formula AutoComplete
14
The Function Wizard
Clicking the Insert Function button displays the Insert
Function dialog box
The Function Arguments dialog box allows you to determine
the cell or range of cells to be included in the function
15
Creating Formulas with the IF Function
IF function displays a value or message based on a
logical test you design.
Lesson 16: Working with Formulas and Functions