• What are some physical properties of matter?

• How are physical properties used to separate mixtures?

Physical Properties

• physical property

• mass

• density

• solubility

Physical Properties

• The arrangement of atoms determines whether matter is a substance or a mixture.

• The arrangement of atoms also determines the properties of different types of matter.

• Each element and compound has a unique set of properties.

• You can observe some properties of matter, and other properties can be measured.

Physical Properties

• A physical property is a characteristic of matter that you can observe or measure without changing the identity of the matter.

• Solids, liquids, and gases are called states of matter.

• The state of matter is a physical property.

• Every solid, liquid, and gas around you is made up of moving particles that attract one another.

Physical Properties

Solids, Liquids, and Gases

With your group:

Answer What makes some matter a solid and other matter a liquid or a gas?

Think about the information we just went over on the previous slide

• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

• Mass is sometimes confused with weight.

– Weight is the pull of gravity on matter

• Volume is the amount of space something takes up.

• Mass and volume are size-dependent properties of matter because their values depend on the size of a sample.

Size-Dependent Properties

• Unlike mass, weight, and volume, some physical properties of a substance do not depend on the amount of matter present.

• These properties are the same for both small samples and large samples.

• They are called size-independent properties.

Size-Independent Properties

• The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is its melting point.

• The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is its boiling point.

• Melting point and boiling point are size-independent properties—properties that are the same for both small samples and large samples.

Size-Independent Properties

The boiling point of water is 100°C at sea level. The boiling point does not change for different volumes of water.

Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.

Size-Independent Properties (cont.)

density

from Latin densus, means “compact”; and Greek dasys, means “thick”

•Electrical conductivity is the ability of matter to conduct, or carry along, an electric current.

•Thermal conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct thermal energy.

•Solubility is the ability of one substance to dissolve in another.

Size-Independent Properties (cont.)

Physical Properties

Physical Properties (cont.)

Physical Properties (cont.)

What are five different physical properties of matter?

• The substances that make up mixtures are not held together by chemical bonds.

• When substances form a mixture, the properties of the individual substances do not change.

• One way that a mixture and a compound differ is that the parts of a mixture can be separated by physical properties.

Physical Properties (cont.)

The parts of a mixture often can be separated by physical properties.

• Physical properties cannot be used to separate a compound into the elements it contains.

Physical Properties (cont.)

With your group:

Come with an answer and explain why or why not

• A physical property is a characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.

• Examples of physical properties include mass, density, volume, melting point, boiling point, state of matter, and solubility.

• Many physical properties can be used to separate the components of a mixture.

A. size-dependent properties

B. size-independent properties

C. physical properties

D. density

Which term refers to properties that are the same for both small samples and large samples?

A. solubility

B. mass

C. density

D. boiling point

Which is the ability of one substance to dissolve in water?

A. density

B. mass

C. physical property

D. volume

Which refers to the amount of space something takes up?

1. The weight of a material never changes, regardless of where it is.

2. Boiling is one method used to separate parts of a mixture.

Do you agree or disagree?