Lesson 2a – Ancient HistoryLesson 2a – Ancient History

Areas we’ll coverAreas we’ll cover

• MesopotamiaMesopotamia

• EgyptEgypt

• PhoeniciaPhoenicia

• AssyriaAssyria

• HebrewsHebrews

The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area

The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area

The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

SumeriansSumerians

Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic

Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic

Enki

Enki

Innana

Innana

Anthropomorphic Gods

Anthropomorphic Gods

Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing

Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing

Cuneiform WritingCuneiform Writing

Deciphering Cuneiform

Deciphering Cuneiform

Your NameYour Name

Sumerian ScribesSumerian Scribes

“Tablet House” “Tablet House”

Ziggurat at UrZiggurat at Ur

Temple

“Mountain of the Gods”

Temple

“Mountain of the Gods”

The Babylonian Empires

The Babylonian Empires

Babylonian NumbersBabylonian Numbers

On p. 36 there’s a Primary Source box onHammurabi’s Code

Answer #2 of the Skills question in this box.

A View of The Nile by Satellite

A View of The Nile by Satellite

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

Ancient Egyptian History

Ancient Egyptian HistoryPeriods Time Frame

Nile Culture Begins

3900 B. C. E.

Archaic 3100 – 2650 B. C. E.

Old Kingdom 2650 – 2134 B. C. E.

Middle Kingdom 2040 – 1640 B. C. E.

New Kingdom 1550 – 1070 B. C. E.

Late Period 750 – 332 B. C. E.

Greek Ptolemaic Era

332 – 30 B. C. E.

Roman Period 30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.

Making Ancient Egyptian Beer

Making Ancient Egyptian Beer

Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs

Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

Tutankhamon

1336-1327 B. C. E.

Tutankhamon

1336-1327 B. C. E.

Egyptian Math & DraftsmenshipEgyptian Math & Draftsmenship

11 1010 100100 10001000 10,00010,000 100,000100,000 1,000,0001,000,000

What number is this?

What number is this?

Hieroglyphic

“Cartouche”

Hieroglyphic

“Cartouche”

Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic

symbols 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic

symbols

Your NameYour Name

Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:

“The Sacred ‘Trinity’”

Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:

“The Sacred ‘Trinity’”

Osiris Isis Horus Osiris Isis Horus

Egyptian MummiesEgyptian Mummies

Seti I1291-1278 B.

C. E.

Seti I1291-1278 B.

C. E.Queen Tiye,

wife of Amenhotep II

1210-1200 B. C. E.

Queen Tiye, wife of

Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

Ramses II1279-1212 B.

C. E.

Egyptian Book of the Dead

Egyptian Book of the Dead

The Final JudgementThe Final Judgement

Anubis Horus OsirisAnubis Horus Osiris

Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

Giza Pyramid ComplexGiza Pyramid Complex

The Valley of the KingsThe Valley of the Kings

Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?

Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?

1352-1336 B. C. E.

1352-1336 B. C. E.

Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb

Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb

King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask

King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask

1336-1327 B. C. E.

1336-1327 B. C. E.

King TutankhamonKing Tutankhamon

The Valley of the Queens

The Valley of the Queens

Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

1473-1458 B. C. E.

1473-1458 B. C. E.

The Ankh – The “Cross” of LifeThe Ankh – The “Cross” of Life

Abu Simbel:Monument to Ramses II

Abu Simbel:Monument to Ramses II

1279-1213 B. C. E.

1279-1213 B. C. E.

On p. 65 there’s an Interpreting Skills box Hammurabi’s Code

Answer Draw Conclusions question.

Phoenician Sea Routes

Phoenician Sea Routes

Phoenician AlphabetPhoenician Alphabet

Why would it be handy for PhoeniciansTo be experts at different languages?

The Assyrian EmpireThe Assyrian Empire

Assyrian Military Power

Assyrian Military Power

Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s

gods.

Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s

gods.

Babylon under the Chaldeans

Babylon under the Chaldeans

Ishtar Gate

Ishtar Gate

What military images say about the Assyrians?

Abraham’s Journey from UrAbraham’s Journey from Ur

Canaan The “Promised Land”Canaan The “Promised Land”

Abraham’s JourneysAbraham’s Journeys

MosesMoses

“Prince of Egypt”

“Prince of Egypt”

“Shepherd of His People”

“Shepherd of His People”

The ExodusThe Exodus

Route of the ExodusRoute of the Exodus

King David’s EmpireKing David’s Empire

Solomon’s

Kingdom

Solomon’s

Kingdom

Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near

East

Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near

East

Herod the Great’s Kingdom

Herod the Great’s Kingdom

On p. 46, read the last paragraph.What do the Ten Commandments sayabout Jewish society?

Roman PalestineRoman Palestine

The Spread of Christianity

The Spread of Christianity

How was is that the Christians convincedothers to become Christians?

The Jewish Diaspora

The Jewish Diaspora

The Persian EmpireThe Persian Empire

Cyrus the GreatCyrus the Great

580 – 529 B. C. E.

580 – 529 B. C. E.

A tolerant ruler he allowed different cultures within his empire to keep their own institutions.

The Greeks called him a “Law-Giver.”

The Jews called him “the anointed of the Lord.” (In 537, he allowed over 40,000 to return to Palestine).

Darius the Great (526 – 485 B. C. E.)

Darius the Great (526 – 485 B. C. E.) Built Persepolis.

He extended the Persian Empire to the Indus River in northern India. (2 mil. s.q. mi.)

Built a canal in Egypt.

Persian “Royal Road”Persian “Royal Road”

Zarathustra [Zoroaster], 6c BCE:

Good Thoughts, Good Deed, Good Words

Zarathustra [Zoroaster], 6c BCE:

Good Thoughts, Good Deed, Good Words

“Tree of Life”“Tree of Life”

Dualistic Battle of Good vs. Evil

Dualistic Battle of Good vs. Evil

Ahura Mazda“Holy Spirit”Ahura Mazda“Holy Spirit”

Ahriman“Destructive

Spirit”

Ahriman“Destructive

Spirit”

On p. 54-55, read the paragraph that startsOn p. 54 and finishes on 55. What does this system say about thePersians?

The Roman Empire Divided in 294

The Roman Empire Divided in 294

Constantine’s City--Constantinopolis

Constantine’s City--Constantinopolis

Year 335 AD

Barbarian Invasions of the Roman Empire

Barbarian Invasions of the Roman Empire

Constantinople: A Greek City

(Istanbul Today)

Constantinople: A Greek City

(Istanbul Today)

Emperor Justinian [r. 527-564]

Emperor Justinian [r. 527-564]

Justinian’s Empire at its Peak

Justinian’s Empire at its Peak

Church of Hagia Sophia [Holy Wisdom]

Church of Hagia Sophia [Holy Wisdom]

Interior of the Church of Hagia Sophia

Interior of the Church of Hagia Sophia

On p. 353. Look around the page, and thenDescribe the Hagia Sophia in 3 words.

Expansion of the Muslims622-632 Under Muhammad632-661 Under Patriarchal Caliphate661-750 Under Umayyad Caliphate

The Golden Age of the Ottomans

The Ottoman Capital -- Constantinople

“Golden Horn” from space

“Golden Horn”

Sunset on the “Golden Horn”

Europeans vs. TurksEuropeans vs. Turks

CRUSADES 1095-1295Series of warsNine major and 12+ minor crusadesWas a push back by Christians to retake land from Muslims

The Fall of Constantinople: 1453 (Muslims push back)

The End of the Byzantine The End of the Byzantine EmpireEmpire

Battle of Lepanto (1571)Battle of Lepanto (1571)(Spanish Christians push (Spanish Christians push

back)back)

The Ottoman Empire During the 16c

On p. 263 Expansion of Territory.How was it that the Muslims got areas To be Islam, as comparison to how theChristians did it?