WHAT DOES THE BIBLE SAY ABOUT ITSELF? • Choose this page, copy it and print it. Cover the answers and test your knowledge of • ? WHY, HOW, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN • Scripture OT or NT? When What it declares Type of literature? • Genesis 1:1-3 OT pre-historic origin the Word creates inspired myth • II Timothy 3:16-17 NT AD60 completes/equips letter to a bishop Hebrews 4:12 NT AD70 alive, penetrating treatise on faith • Mark 4:14-20 NT AD65 is live seed – fruitful a Gospel • Isaiah 55:10-11 OT 600BC never void, accomplishes Prophetic book • I Peter 1:23-25 NT AD63 dependable for eternal life apostolic letter • Psalm 119:129-130 OT 1000BC lights the path all understand a song/poem • Ezekiel 12:25 OT 500BC not optional; it is done! Apocalyptic Prophecy • John 1:1-3 NT AD90 the Word is God - Jesus: • He is and does what He says a Gospel • Deuteronomy 30:12 OT 1200BC the Word is near us Not far off Law of Moses Lesson 3 page 7
Transcript
WHAT DOES THE BIBLE SAY ABOUT ITSELF?
• Choose this page, copy it and print it. Cover the answers and test your knowledge of• ? WHY, HOW, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN
• Scripture OT or NT? When What it declares Type of literature?
• Genesis 1:1-3 OT pre-historic origin the Word creates inspired myth• II Timothy 3:16-17 NT AD60 completes/equips letter to a bishop
Hebrews 4:12 NT AD70 alive, penetrating treatise on faith• Mark 4:14-20 NT AD65 is live seed – fruitful a Gospel• Isaiah 55:10-11 OT 600BC never void, accomplishes Prophetic book• I Peter 1:23-25 NT AD63 dependable for eternal life apostolic letter• Psalm 119:129-130 OT 1000BC lights the path all understand a song/poem• Ezekiel 12:25 OT 500BC not optional; it is done! Apocalyptic Prophecy• John 1:1-3 NT AD90 the Word is God - Jesus: • He is and does what He says a Gospel• Deuteronomy 30:12 OT 1200BC the Word is near us Not far off Law of Moses
Lesson 3 page 7
SUMMARY - WHAT? WHY? WHEN? WHERE? HOW?
What? The Word of God. It cannot be explained in purely human terms because it holds things humans would never think of. It is Revelation. Revealed religion is different from the human constructions that are called religions. Even revealed religion must be interpreted, which calls for an authoritative oversight,
which God left us in the Church.The Roman Church determines the authentic books and promulgates the Bible as it is.Why? Mankind has lost his way. God has arranged for a two-way love-letter, a manual for successful, happy living, to guide the lost to a place where they can
be found.When? From oral roots several thousand years BC to about AD110. The final
canon authorized in AD360.Where? In many localities throughout the Near East: Palestine, Israel, Egypt,
Iraq, Iran, Syria, Jordan, Turkey, Greece and Italy.How? See CCC 102,134,105, 702 ff.
Lesson 3 page 8
GOD REVEALS HIMSELFTHE TRINITY OF PERSONS
I IIIII
21 III
GODHEAD
MANKIND
FIGURE 3
I IIIII
GODHEAD
21 III
MANKIND
IIIIII
III
FIGURE 4
THREE IN ONE
Mankind is made in God’s image.
Ob-position of 1 and 2 united in Holy Spirit
Polarity
Non-exchangeable
Attributes shared
Unity of two in one.
The Holy Spirit unifies the Persons/persons
II person is dependent on I Person
Never a “time” when one was without the other.
Lesson four, page 11
JESUS, OUR TEACHER
We will spend the rest of our lives living with His teaching, pondering it and taking it into our lives.
His teachings were often couched in parable. Let us look at these parables:The parable of the sower, which, as we have seen, is really a parable about soils. Matthew. 13 Parable of Weeds and Wheat Matt.13:24 Parable of Yeast Matt.13 Parables of the Kingdom Matt. 13 Teachings on sin and forgiveness:Causing sin Matt.18: 6 Lost sheep How to take care of offenses Parable of unforgiving Servant The unforgivable sin. Matt. 12:31 Teaching God’s love and compassion by healing sufferers and sinnersCenturion’s servant Matt.8:5 Jairus’ daughter Matt. 9:18 Teaching how to live in this world with detachment Living free from anxiety Matt. 6Living without burden of things. Treasure in heavenTeaching of the last things - Apocalyptic Eschatology: The Fall of Jerusalem and the Temple Matt. 28Other teachings of Jesus that pertain to the Church and its precepts will be coming
in future lessons.
Lesson 6, page 22
JESUS, OUR BRIDEGROOM
A LESSON DEMANDING FINE DISTINCTIONSThis lesson demands careful thinking, and fine distinctions, because it seems to be about sex, but it only begins and does not end there.
Purpose :1) to prepare each individual to receive the Bridegroom as his/her personal lover in each of the sacraments of the Church. Abiding in Jesus JN 15:5!; Jesus present to us. Jesus waiting for us to open ourselves to receive the Holy Spirit that we bear much fruit.
2) to present the importance of marriage, faithful through life, as a sign of our eventual eternal union with God, the image of the Holy Trinity on earth. Failures in this relationship? Recourse to examination in Annulment, and in the Sacrament of Reconciliation.
3) to present the meaning of male and female in God’s plan for happy fulfillment in this life. The Church’s dependence on male headship. Headship and submission in the family as holy order.
4) to present the Eucharist as fulfillment of divine union on this earth, a taste of what is to come. JN 6:56
5) to bring understanding that we are one member of the Body of Christ, the Church, and together with that Body are collectively His Beloved. JN 17:22
6) to prepare for and expect that fruitfulness that will come from our union with Jesus by the Holy Spirit. It will be by God knowing us, intimate union, that we bear fruit. MT 7:20 Works are not fruits. 7:22 Fruits are from the inner man – Galatians 5:22
Lesson 7, page 3
1. Jesus is condemned.
2. Jesus accepts the cross
3. Jesus’ first fall
. Simon carries the cross
4. Jesus meets his mother
6 Veronica wipes his face
7. Jesus’ second fall
8. Jesus speaks to the women
9. Jesus’ third fall10 Jesus stripped
11 Jesus’ nailed to the cross
12 Jesus’ dies13 Jesus’ taken down
14. Jesus’ laid in the tomb
Take up your cross and follow me.
FOURTEEN STATIONS OF THE CROSS
Lesson 8 page17
THE PASSION IN THE FOUR GOSPELS
At this supper -betrayalJohn 13: 21-27
The EucharistMt. 26:26-29
Prediction of their unfaithfulnessMt 26:31-35
Long Discourses that John addsJohn 14,15,16,17.
To the Mount of OlivesMark 14:26-38
Betrayal and ArrestMark 14:43-52Matthew 6:52-54
Trials and Mocking by JewsJohn 18: 13-18, 18:19-23Matthew 26:69-75Luke 22:66-71 (Judas: Matthew 27:3-10)
Trials and Mocking by RomansJohn 18:28-38Matthew27:12
Trial before HerodLuke 23: 7-14
The CompromiseLuke 23:13-14Matthew 27:16-23
Scourging and Crown of ThornsJohn 18:22, 19:1-5
Pilate washes his handsMatthew 27:24-26
The CrucifixionSoldiers mock and led away
Matthew 27:27-32Matthew 27:33-34
The women of JerusalemLuke 23:27-32
CrucifiedJohn 19:8-25Matthew 27:37-43
His MotherJohn 19:25-27John 19:28
DarknessLuke 23:44-45
DeathMatthew 27:46-56John 19:31-42
BurialJohn 19:38-42
Lesson 8 page 18
It is fitting then, that we should find the Virgin Mary obedient in saying, “Behold the handmaid of the Lord, be it done to me according to Thy word!” Eve was disobedient while she was still a virgin. She having Adam as her husband, but herself still a virgin…was disobedient, and brought death upon herself and the whole human race.Similarly, Mary, bearing the predestined man, yet still being a virgin, was obedient and so became the cause of salvation both for herself and for the whole human race…For this reason the Lord said that the first shall be last and the last first…Thus the knot formed by Eve’s disobedience was untied by the obedience of Mary. What the Virgin Eve tied through her unbelief, the Virgin Mary untied through faith.
St. Irenaeus 120-190 BC
LESSON 10 PAGE 5
SCRIPTURAL MARY The Church’s Marian belief, The next page holds the Bible references according to number.
• MARY IN OUR LIFE:MARY IN THE CHURCH• We will try here to bring together from Scripture what the Church understands to be the role of Mary in Salvation History, and why we honor her. This
is a very tall order. When I use “we” in the following, I mean the Catholic Church.• 1.We believe Mary to be the Mother of all Christians as Eve is the Mother of humanity.• 2.We believe that what Eve lost by disobedience, Mary by obedience restored.• 3.Satan made Eve his slave; Mary in humble obedience was the agent for his defeat, releasing Eve as well.• 4.We believe that Mary was conceived without sin. Therefore, as she announced to St. Bernadette, she is the Immaculate Conception.• 5.We believe that she, too needed a Redeemer, and that the merits of Jesus were applied to her before she was conceived.• 6.We believe that Mary exercised her free will to be obedient when tested. And that she never sinned.• 7.We believe that Mary conceived Jesus by the power of the Holy Spirit and was a virgin when He was conceived.• 8.We believe that Mary was a virgin all her life.• 9.We believe that both Mary and Joseph had determined to live a celibate life for God.• 10.We believe that the other children in her life were not her natural children.• 11.We believe that Mary or a source close to her is responsible for the first chapters of Luke, and that she directly inspired much of the
Gospel of John.• 12.We believe that when Mary was given to John at the cross as his mother, she was given to all mankind as Mother.• 13.We believe that when Mary was called “Woman” by Jesus it had significance for all women going back to Eve.• 14.Because Mary is the complete, perfect woman, she is the model for all the faithful who are to be the Bride of Christ.• 15.When John took Mary into his home therefore, all of the faithful are to take Mary into their home — their intimate lives, where they live.• 16.We believe that Mary was the fulfillment of the foreshadowing of her role that is discerned in the Old Testament women.• 17.We believe her hiddenness is deliberate.• 18.We believe that she is the first Christian.• 19.We believe that she exemplified all that Jesus taught.• 20.We believe that she is the co-redemptoress.• 21.We believe that she is a powerful intercessor and stands at the right hand of the Holy Trinity.• 22. We believe that she now has the dominion that was first given to Eve. We believe that she is wholly human, but has been given
divinity, but not Godhead She is not God. She has simply- attained what all Christians will attain when they are perfected.• 23.We believe that Mary fully understood Salvation History and the role she would play in the Incarnation.• 24.We believe that Mary shared fully in the mission of her Son and exemplified all He came to image and require of His followers.• 25.We believe Mary is the Ark of the Covenant for the New Israel.• 26.Reaction to Mary separates - the threshing floor — that the thoughts of many hearts would be revealed.• 27.Mary had a will freely flowing with God’s will, and was supported by an intelligent understanding when she agreed to be the Mother of
God. She has grasped the significance of the Old Testament -in a manner of the studious Jewish scholars.• 28.Mary became obedient to Joseph, all of her direct angelic visits ended after her marriage. Headship was apparent in the Holy Family.
She was dependent on him for leadership -and judgment.• 29.Mary fulfilled all the duties of a woman of Israel — was wholly obedient to the Jewish Law and Temple expectations.• 30.Full of Grace, Mary was open to more grace and was present for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. • 31.Before He assumed His mission, Mary’s intuition often guided the young Jesus.
LESSON 10 PAGE 10
SCRIPTURAL REFERENCES TO UNDERGIRD THESE BELIEFS• Don’t expect the references to be immediately transparent—it takes meditation on the full implications of the text in context of the Bible.• 1.John 19:25 Genesis 3:20• 2.Genesis 3:15 Luke 1:28-35 Romans 5:17• 3.Genesis 3:3-4 Galatians 4:4 Revelations 12:1• 4.John 1:14• 5.John 1:12 Isaiah 54:5• 6.Luke 1:48 Song of Songs 6:9• 7.Isaiah7:14 Luke 1:26 Matthew 1:18 Mark 10:7• 8.Luke 1:34 Matthew 1:19 I Corinthians 7:36-38• 9.Jamesl:1 Judel:1• 10.John 19:27• 11.John 19:25 WOMAN Genesis 3:15• 12.John2:4 John 19:26• 13.Genesis 1:27 Revelation 22:17 John 3:29 Isaiah 62:5 John 19:27• 14.Genesis 11:30, 25:21,29:31 I Samuel 1:2• 15.Ruth 4:13, Esther 4:16, Judith 15:9-10• 16.Matthew 5:1-11,19:30, 20:16, Luke 14:10• 17.Luke 1:43-45• 18.Matthew: 12:49-50• 19.Luke: 2:34-35 John 19:25• 20.John 2:4-11, Psalm 45:9 1 Kings 2:19-20• 21.Genesis 1:28 Isaiah 54• 22.Revelations 19:7, 12:1• 23.Luke 1:47-551 Samuel 2:1-11, John 19:25, Acts 1:14 Luke 2:9 2:51• 24.John 13• 25.Revelation 11:19, Luke 1:39-45,2 Samuel-6:9, 14• 26.Luke 2:35• 27.Luke 1:47ff• 28.Matthew 2:13,19• 29.Luke 1:22• 30.Acts 1:14-2:1• 31. John 2
LESSON 10, PAGE 11
• JOYFUL MYSTERIES—MONDAY AND SATURDAY• 1. Annunciation—Luke 1:26-38• 2, Visitation—Luke 1:39-56• 3. Nativity— Luke 2:22-38• 4. Presentation—Luke 2:22-38• 5. Finding in the Temple –Luke 2:41-52
• SORROWFUL MYSTERIES –TUESDAY AND FRIDAY• 1. Agony in the Garden—Luke 22:39-53• 2. Scourging at Pillar -John 19:1-2,6-7,13-16• 3. Crowning with Thorns—above• 4. Carrying the Cross—Luke 23:26-33• 5. The Crucifixion—John 19:25-28, Luke 23:44-46
GLORIOUS MYSTERIES—WEDNESDAY, SUNDAY1. The Resurrection– Luke 24:1-352. The Ascension– Luke 24:50, Acts 13. Descent of the Holy Spirit– Acts 2:1-134. The Assumption of Mary-Psalm 16:9-105. Crowning of Mary– Psalm 45:10
(RSV or Confraternity version)
LUMINOUS MYSTERIES– THURSDAY1. Baptism of Jesus—Matthew 3:13-172. Wedding Feast at Cana—John 2:1-113. The Kingdom of God– Mark 1:14-174. The Transfiguration– Luke 9: 28-365. The Holy Eucharist—Mark 14:22-26
LESSON 10 PAGE 18
JESUS IS THE SAME, YESTERDAY, TODAY AND FOREVER Hebrews 13:8
I believe in God,the Father almighty,Creator of heaven and earth,and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,born of the Virgin Mary,suffered under Pontius Pilate,was crucified, died and was buried;he descended into hell;on the third day he rose again from the dead;he ascended into heaven,and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty;from there he will come to judge the living and the dead.I believe in the Holy Spirit,the holy catholic Church,the communion of saints,the forgiveness of sins,the resurrection of the body,and life everlasting. Amen
THE APOSTLES CREED
I believe in one God,the Father almighty,maker of heaven and earth,of all things visible and invisible.I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,the Only Begotten Son of God,born of the Father before all ages.God from God, Light from Light,true God from true God,begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;through him all things were made.For us men and for our salvationhe came down from heaven,and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and became man.For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,he suffered death and was buried,and rose again on the third dayin accordance with the Scriptures.He will come again in gloryto judge the living and the deadand his kingdom will have no end.I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,who proceeds from the Father He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father and the Son,who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,who has spoken through the prophets.I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sinsand I look forward to the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen.
THE NICENE CREEDLESSON 11 page7
LESSON 12, page 14
THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH (AD30-AD1500)From that time to this 36,000 denominations
LESSON 12, PAGE 15
COUNCILS OF THE CHURCH CONTINUEDLateran I – 1123- Pope Callistus II first Ecumenical Council held in Rome. 900 bishops and
abbots, abolished the right of princes to be invested with ring and crosier, reformed canon law, focused on recovery of the Holy Land.
Lateran II – 1139- Pope Innocent II 1,000 prelates and Emperor Conrad, to counter antipope schism, priests could not marry. Disciplinary measures
Lateran III - 1179 Pope Alexander III, (Frederick I emperor) 302 Bishops present. Condemned Waldenses, Albigenses for false doctrine. Popes elected by 2/3 vote of cardinals. Defined a conception of life and society that still endures
Lateran IV - 1215 - Most important council of the Middle Ages. Convened by Pope Innocent III – patriarchs of Constantinople and Jerusalem, 71 archbishops, 412 bishops, 800 abbots, seventy important decrees, definition of “transubstantiation”, obligation of annual confession and communion.
Lyons I - 1245- Pope Innocent IV, 3 patriarchs, 140 bishops; Baldwin II, St. Louis of France, 20 canons, new crusade against Saracens and Mongols.
Lyons II - 1274 - Pope Gregory X , Patriarchs of Antioch and Constantinople 500 bishops, and 1,000 others. Reunion of the Greek Church with Rome – temporary. Canons, papal elections, recover Palestine from the Turks.
Vienne - 1311-1312 Clement V Avignon Pope, Three kings, France, England and Aragon with 114-300 bishops, suppressed the Knights Templar, clerical reform, oriental languages taught in Church universities.
Constance -1414-1418 Gregory XII, Martin V end the Western Schism, decrees against Wycliff and Hus. Superiority of Council over Pope rescinded.
Florence - 1483-1445 Pope Eugene IV Quarrels with the Pope meant three changes of place. Reaffirmed concept of papal primacy over an ecumenical council.
Lateran V -1512-1517 Two pontificates of Julius II and Leo X, 15 cardinals, 80 archbishops and Bishops; concern for the abuses in the Church, but didn’t blunt the blow that was coming. New crusade against the Turks foundered on the Lutheran upheaval.
Trent -1545- 1563 longest, extended 15 years and five pontificates, two emperorships, 300 prelates and 160 doctors of divinity. Reforms and dogmatic decrees in response to the Reformation. Direction set for 400 years. Set in motion the Counter-Reformation.
Vatican I - 1869-1870 - Pope Pius IX 800 prelates, declaration of papal infallibility. Debate, adjourned without being officially closed.
Vatican II - 1962-1965 Pope John Paul XXIII concluded by Pope Paul IV. Two dogmatic and two pastoral constitutions. 26,000 fathers, vernacular to the liturgy, legitimacy of individual conscience, power shared with pope and bishops.
LESSON 13, PAGE 11
THE COUNCILS OF THE CHURCHFirst Council Jerusalem. The Judaisers. Should Christians be made to observe Jewish
ceremonial laws? Acts of Apostles 15, Nicea I - AD325 - 318 bishops - Pope St. Sylvester legate was Bishop Hosius, also
Emperor Constantine was present - the Nicene Creed answer to ArianismConstantinople I – AD381 – Pope St. Damasus I and Emperor Theodosius I 150 bishops.,
condemned new forms of Arianism Canon of Scripture established.Ephesus – 431 - 200 bishops, Presided over by St. Cyril of Alexandria representing Pope St.
Celestine I condemned Nestorianism and Pelagianism gave Mary the title Theotokos, Bearer of God. By the fifth century the Church is fully conscious of itself as the issue of that supernatural union, wholly human, wholly divine.
Chalcedon - 451 - 150 bishops under Emperor Marcian and Pope Leo the Great, defined the two natures, divine and human of Christ. Condemned Monophysitism.
Constantinople II - 553 - Emperor Justinian I and Pope Vigilius 168 bishops. Condemned errors and confirmed the first four councils.
Constantinople III - 680-681 Pope Agatho and Emperor Constantine Patriarchs of Constantinople and Antioch, and 174 bishops. Condemned Monothelitism, defined the two wills in Christ as distinct principles of operation, censured Pope Honorius I for a letter containing an ambiguous statement about the unity of the wills in Christ.
Nicea II – 787- Emperor Constantine VI and Pope Adrian, 300-367 bishops attended. Condemned Iconoclasm and regulated the veneration of holy images.
Constantinople IV - 869-870 - Pope Adrian II Emperor Basil, 102 bishops and four patriarchs, condemned an irregular council called by a Patriarch of Constantinople. Caused a schism in the Greek church, and no more Ecumenical Councils were held in the East. Not until 11th century was this council termed ecumenical.
Ninth and tenth centuries weak and besieged papacy, upheaval and disorganization everywhere, lacked temporal protection, suffered from its temporal status. 10th century, house of Saxony laid foundation of medieval empire, Cluny revived monasticism, and canon law developed, which laid basis for great reform.
Lesson 13, page 12
THE CHURCH TODAY
Woman’s right to choose to kill her baby
Homosexuals right to “marry”
Revolt against Paul VI Humanae Vitae
Priest Sex Scandal
Europe’s Demise of Faith
Communism
Militant Atheism
Liberation Theology
Feminist Theology Women Priests
Scientism :stem cell, cloning
Materialism
Media Bias
Government intrusions on religious freedom
Islam militancy
1.2 billion Catholics 1 billion other Christians
Increase in seminarians
Worldwide EWTN
Conversions of Protestant clergy
Evangelicals/Catholics Together
Orthodox Intellectual/cultural vibrancy
Year of Faith
New Evangelism - Vatican II
Liturgical reform
The Catholic Catechism
Popes John Paul II, Benedict XVI worldwide
mission
African/Asia Church Growth
World Youth DaysLesson 13, page34
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR APOLOGETICS
LESSON 1 (PAGES 1,2,3) WHAT IS APOLOGETICS?
LESSON 2 (pages 4,5) THE ATTRIBUTES OF GOD MUST BE FOUND IN HIS CHURCH – BEAUTY CCC 2500-02
LESSON 3 (,6,7,8) THE ATTRIBUTES OF GOD MUST BE FOUND IN HIS CHURCH - BEAUTY, GOODNESS, TRUTH , UNITY CCC 2089, 817, 813-14 1179-1186 374 2465 2488-92
LESSON 4 (8,9,10,11, 12,13,14) CATHOLIC OR CHRISTIAN: WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE? CCC818 830-838
LESSON 5 (15,16,17) PROOF-TEXTING AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH CCC 119 128-29 104 120-138 81
LESSON 6 (18,19) UNITY: THE BLESSEDNESS OF ONENESS WITH GOD CCC684 732 260 2205 41 391 414 152 258 738
LESSON 18 (53,54) THE HOLY SACRIFICE OF THE MASS CCC 1211 1324 1524 1366 1369 1100-1300
LESSON 19 (55) THE EUCHARIST: EFFECT AND PURPOSE CCC 1517 1392-94
LESSON 20 (56,57,58,59)MARY IS AT THE GATE. CAN YOU GET BY HER? CCC 963-975 722-25 495 502 88
LESSON 21 (60,61,62,63,64,65,66) MARY IS THE GATE. JESUS AND THE CHURCH COME THROUGH HER CCC 829 963-72 411-504 assumption 966
Finale 22 (67)
THE CHURCH PRECEDED THE BIBLE
APOLOGETICS The Bible in the Church Illustrations from Channing L. Bete Co.
PREHISTORY- SPIRIT-INSPIRED MYTH - 2000 BC ORAL TRADITION — 1100- 800 BC WRITTEN DEVELOPMENT 400 BC 200– 0 BC SEPTUAGINT
ADAM AND EVE SETH THE GARDEN OF EDEN CAIN AND ABEL ANCIENT GENEALOGY THE TOWER OF BABEL THE FLOOD NOAH AND HIS SONS
ABRAHAM AND SONS JOSEPH –SOJOURN IN EGYPT MOSES—PASSOVER, EXODUS JOSHUA—CONQUEST OF HOLY LAND SAMUEL –KINGS: SAUL, DAVID DIVIDED KINGDOM TRIALS—ASSYRIA, BABYLONIA, EXILE AND RETURN
OT translated into Greek—the OT that Jesus knew and quoted.
98AD JEWS REJECT 140AD THE SEPTUAGINT -GO BACK
EARLY CHURCH USES THE SEPTUAGINT AS ITS BIBLE NT writers use the Septuagint 90% of the time. Believed Jesus was foreshadowed in Jewish Scriptures
s45AD –100 GOSPELS WRITTEN 57-65AD letters written by St. Paul 60-65AD letters of St. Peter To 100– 105 other letters & Revelations In Greek—very plain and simple
MANY LETTERS AND BOOKS CIRCULATE - Marcion rejects the OT. Heresies threaten The Church must decide.
St. Ahanasius’ list 382 Adopted by Council of Hippo 393AD The Septuagint Fifth Century, a pope closes the canon
This is the Bible used until 1529 when Lu-ther went back to the Hebrew Bible. He wanted to throw out more books not fit-ting his doctrine, and added “alone” to Ro-mans 3:28
St. Jerome’s Vul-gate translation of Hebrew Scrip-tures, (and reluc-tantly the Greek) into Latin was the Catholic Vul-gate used till the 20th Century.
Till 1529 the Church used the Septuagint and the Greek NT.
400AD St. Augustine said,”NT lies hid-den in the Old; OT is manifested in the New.” 692 AD Canon closed by pope
Today for Catholics: New Ameri-can Bible, Revised Standard Bible, Jerusalem Bible.
Books of the Law The Proph-ets The Writ-ings Codified.
“Compilation of NT canon due to deliberate action of the Roman Church.” Encyclope-dia Britannica
By 200 Writings Con-demned.
Apologetics part 2, page 2
EXCERPTS FROM THE WRITING OF JUSTIN MARTYR, AD 120• . . . .And on the day called Sunday, all who live in cities or in the country gather together
to one place, and the memoirs of the apostles or the writings of the prophets are read, as long as time permits; then, when the reader has ceased, the president verbally instructs, and exhorts to the imitation of these good things. But Sunday is the day on which we all hold our common assembly, because it is the first day on which God, having wrought a change in the darkness and matter, made the world; and Jesus Christ our Saviour on the same day rose from the dead. Having ended the prayers, we salute one another with a kiss. There is then brought to the president of the brethren bread and a cup of wine mixed with water; and he taking them, gives praise and glory to the Father of the universe, through the name of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, and offers thanks at considerable length for our being counted worthy to receive these things at His hands. And when he has concluded the prayers and thanksgivings, all the people present express their assent by saying Amen. This word Amen answers in the Hebrew language to genoito [so be it]. And when the president has given thanks, and all the people have expressed their assent, those who are called by us deacons give to each of those present to partake of the bread and wine mixed with water over which the thanksgiving was pronounced, and to those who are absent they carry away a portion. . . . . . And this food is called among us Eukaristia [the Eucharist], of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that the things which we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined. For not as common bread and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh by the Word of God, had both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh. For the apostles, in the memoirs composed by them, which are called Gospels, have thus delivered unto us what was enjoined upon them; that Jesus took bread, and when He had given thanks, said, "This do ye in remembrance of Me, this is My body;" and that, after the same manner, having taken the cup and given thanks, He said, "This is My blood;" and gave it to them alone.
