Lesson 8.4 “The Early Empire”

The Emperor Augustus

What term is used to describe the 200 year

period of peace in Rome?

The Pax Romana(Roman Peace)

Name 3 things Augustus did to create a strong and safe empire.

1. He created a permanent army2. He took over more land3. He imported grain to feed the poor 4. He improved the government5. He reformed the legal system

How was Augustus a “hands on” ruler in Rome?

He traveled to the provinces to check up on the governors, the people he put in charge

to rule the provinces.

How did Augustus reform the Roman tax system?

Before tax collectors paid the gov’t for the right to collect the taxes (and

they kept some for themselves.) Under Augustus tax collectors were

government workers.

What were the names of the four family members

who ruled Rome after Augustus’ death?

Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius and Nero

Name one major accomplishment of Tiberius.

1. He was a great military leader2. He regulated business to prevent fraud3. He kept Rome’s economy stable

Name one major accomplishment of Caligula.

1. He abolished sales tax2. He allowed exiled people to return to Rome3. He increased the court’s power

Name one major accomplishment of Claudius.

1. He built a new harbor2. He built a new aqueduct3. He conquered most of Britain

Name one major accomplishment of Nero.

1. He built many new buildings2. He gave slaves some rights3. He helped cities suffering from disasters

Which two Julio-Claudian rulers were considered to be

cruel?

Caligula and Nero

Unity and Prosperity

What happened to Rome after Nero’s suicide?

Rome was in disorder and unstable

What leader restored peace and order in Rome?

Vespasian

What famous building was constructed during Vespasian’s reign?

The Colosseum

What 2 disasters struck Rome during Titus’ reign?

1. Mount Vesuvius erupted, destroying Pompeii2. A fire greatly damaged Rome

What happened in 1 A.D. ?

Jesus/ Christ was born

What does the abbreviation A.D. stand for?

Anno Domino, which translated from Latin means “in the year of

our Lord.”

What abbreviation is used to signify the years AFTER

Jesus was born?

A.D.

What term is often is used to describe the Roman rulers NervaNerva, TrajanTrajan, HadrianHadrian,

AntoninusAntoninus, PiusPius and Marcus AureliusMarcus Aurelius?

The “good emperors”

What was Trajan’s main achievement to help “ordinary” people?

He gave money to help poor parents raise and educate their children

What was Hadrian’s main achievement?

He made Roman law easier to understand.

What was Antoninus Pius’ main achievement?

He passed laws to help orphans.

What do you call a human-made channel for

carrying water long distances?

An aqueduct

Which emperor led Rome to its largest empire?

Trajan

Why did Hadrian remove many Roman troops from

Mesopotamia?

He thought the Roman Empire was getting too large to

manage.

What were the two main languages in Rome?

Latin and Greek

What helped unify all of Rome?

The Roman law

In what ways was Roman culture spread to

neighboring lands?

Soldiers and the leaders took customs and traditions with them

when they moved to the conquered lands.

What was most common occupation in Rome?

Farming

What types of items were grown on the latifundias?

Grapes and olives

What products were made with the grapes and olives

grown in Rome?

Wine and Olive Oil

What were the chief crops in Britain and Egypt?

Different types of grains

What types of items did Roman artisans produce?

Glass, bronze and brass

Why were Puteoli and Ostia important cities in

Rome?

They were both port cities where people came to trade and buy

items

Why was the main import from China?

Silk items

Why was the main import from India?

spices

Why was a good transportation network

important to the success of the Roman empire?

Traders needed good safe roads to travel on and the Roman navy helped keep the seas safe from

pirates.

What is a common system of money called?

currency

How did a common currency help Rome’s

trade industry?

All of the areas in the Mediterranean region accepted

the Roman coins.