SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016 Name: __________________________ Date: __________________
Lesson 9 Digest ive System (Nelson p.94-99)
• Organ system that
o __________________ and __________________ down food
o __________________ nutrients, and
o __________________________________ from the body
Learning Goals: A. I can explain the primary functions of the digestive system in animals. B. I can identify and explain all the parts of the digestive system, and their functions.
SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016
The Digestive Tract • Includes ____________, ____________, ____________, ___________________,
_______________________, ____________ and ____________. • Lined with epithelial tissue containing goblet cells that
produce ___________________. • Mucus:
√ ____________ digestive tract from digestive chemicals. √ Allows material to _________________________ along
the tube Digestive Tract Functions
Mouth • Tongue & teeth __________ ___________ food into smaller pieces.
• Saliva (water + chemicals) √ ___________ food as you chew √ ___________ ___________ starch
Esophagus • A tube ___________ food from the mouth to the stomach.
• Muscles contract in a wavelike motion – ______________________ – moves the semi-liquid food.
Stomach • ___________ food & ___________ food with chemicals and acids.
• Contains digestive chemicals and ___________
Small Intestine
• _______________ of food happens in duodenum • _______________ of nutrients occurs • Chemicals from liver, pancreas, and gall
bladder are released here through small ducts
Large Intestine (colon)
• ___________ water, vitamins, and various salts from undigested food
Rectum • _______________ and __________ solid waste from colon until it is released
Anus • Solid wastes ____________ the body as feces
SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016
The Accessory Organs
• Include ______________, _______________________, and __________________
Accessory Organ
Functions
Liver • __________________________ that helps break down fats in food • Make digestive chemicals
Gallbladder • __________________________ from the liver, and __________________ them into small intestine
Pancreas • __________________________ to control how glucose gets from the blood into body cells.
• Make digestive chemicals
SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016
Diseases of Digestive System (Nelson p.129-131)
Some digestive illnesses are inherited, whereas other are caused by poor diet or hygiene.
1. Food Poisoning • Causes:
-‐ Poisonous foods -‐ Foods or water is contaminated with bacteria -‐ Foods that have been improperly prepared,
cooked, or stored • Symptoms: Vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea,
dehydration, fever, sweating, shivering
2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) • Causes:
-‐ Unknown (for many people) -‐ A problem with “good bacteria” (may be) -‐ Immune system disorder
• Symptoms: stomachaches, bloating, gas, switch between constipation and diarrhea
3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Colitis & Crohn’s disease
a) Colitis: large intestine becomes irritated and inflamed the lining of the bowel • Causes: Exact causes are not known (May be genetic,
diet, environment, overactive immune system) • Symptoms: diarrhea, blood in stool, abdominal pain &
cramping, fever & fatigue, loss of appetite and weight, dehydration, anemia
b) Crohn’s disease: small intestine (last part) becomes irritated and inflamed much deeper into the bowel wall • Causes: Exact causes are not known (May be genetic,
diet, environment, overactive immune system) • Symptoms: diarrhea, blood in stool, abdominal pain &
cramping, fever & fatigue, loss of appetite and weight, mouth sores