LESSON TRANSCRIPT-I FOR EXPERIMENTAL GROUP-I

Prepared by:

Dr. Celine Pereira &

Usha Parvathy

-_ - - - ) Nanic of thc teacher : Usha Parvathy standard - VIII i

I I

I Namu of the School : Duration - 45 ~nts . j I

I I , Subject . Biology Strength - I

I 1 ~ n l t : Transport in Orga~~isms Date - I

I I I

I Toplc : Translocat ion I -- -

> t u . l i a l i r ~ u l tllc transport in 01-garlisms

I'KEVIOUS KNO\.VLEDGE

l'lipl> kilo\, that tire plants ;~l,.;orl> water and minerals through the roots. They also know that the water and nlinerals are transported to I I , C I I Ica! cs hr ~ ~ ~ ~ t l l e s i z i r l g b o d materials.

TERMS . -- - ( I ) trarlsporting systcni, ( 2 ) Translocation, (3) Xylem, (4) Phloem, (5) Tracheids and vessels. (6) Seive tubes and colnpi~ti~ori cclls. 17) Vascular bu~rdles

!F:\C'TS~ -~ ( : I Plar~ts abnr.1~ water and minerals through their roots ( 2 ) 'l'llcy ;ire tr;inhported to their leaves for synthesizing food materials

(3) The prepared food materials are to be distributed to the different parts of the plants. For- this thei-e is a transporting system in plants.

(4) The transport of materials inside the plant is called translocation (5) Water and minerals are conducted through xylem and prepared food materials thr-ougli phloem (6) Translocation in plants takes place through a system of tubes (7) The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels (8) Phloem consists of sieve tubes and companion cells (9) The xylem and phloem are located in groups called vascular bundles (10) Vascular bundles extend through all the organs of the plant root, stem, leaf and flower (1 1) Thus they form a system of tubes inside the plant

CONCEPT

Major Concept

The transport of materials inside the plant is called translocation

Minor Concepts

( I ) Water and minerals are conducted through xylem and prepared food materials through phlocm ( 2 ) The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels and phloem consists of sieve tubes and companton cclls

OBJECTIVES

1. Pupils get knowledge about the above terms 2. Pupils get an understanding of the above terms and facts and they form concepts 3. Pupils apply knowledge to study various phenomena like osmosis, root pressure and suction force 1. Pupils develop skill in observation 5 . Pupils develop interest in studying Biology and undertakes scientific hobbies

6. Pupils appreciate the biological phenomena 7. Pupils develop scientific attitude and develop curiosity to k now about various scientific phenomena

TEACHING AIDS

I .Ictl\ity shcets anti instl-uction cards 2 . Iloots. stcnl. leavcs. stain. razor, painting brush, microscope, slide glass, cover glass, water

('lias~s and diagrams

. -~ . ~p -

.~~ . COYTEXT .~~ / SPECIFICATION 1 LEARNING ACTIVITY -1 I I

2

, ~~ , ~p ~ - ~- -~ I ' PRESEN'I'A'I'ION

: ; I . They are transponed to their

I PREPAKA'rIOK I'lants absorb water and iliit~rsiils thimi~gl~ their roots

I le . I S ... f or 5ynthcsiring fcood I I materials

Recalls

1 For this there is a transponing qystern in plants. The transport

I o f materials inside the plant 1s called translocation 1 ~..

l'hc prcp;t~.cd food n1;ircrials are I to be distributed to tiif'lkrent i parts of thc plant.

Teacher asks students where they pour water when they plant trees. The teacher then asks them why they pour water into the soil. Teacher asks the students to name the pan of the plant which absorbs water from the soil and the part which prepares food materials for the whole plant. - ~

Observes, interprets

Teacher asks the students to answer the questions in the Acti\lt) sheet-I. (Activity sheet-I is given to each student. The teaches should give the activity sheet a few days before the class). Activity sheet-I is given below.

ACTIVITY SHEET-1

INSTRUCTIONS: Take a flower pot, fill ?4 of it with soil. Plant a plant in it. Watel it daily. Observe the changes and answer the questions given below. Tick only the correct answer from the four alternatives.

QUESTION- I : Where do we plant the plant'?

In the air In the soil On the leaves None of the above

QUESTION-2: Where do you pour the water while watering the plant?

In the soil On the table On the leaves None of the above

QUESTION-3: Which plant organ absorbs water and minerals from the soil?

Leaves Roots Flowers Fmits

QUESTION-4: Which plant organ synthesizes food material for the whole plant?

Leaves Roots Flowers Fruits

QUESTION-5: Read the following statements and write whether they are true or false in the space provided.

a. Roots absorb water and minerals fiom the soil. ---------- b. The food prepared by the leaves is distributed to different parts of the plant.--- c. There is a movement of water and nlinerals from roots to leaves.------ d. There is another movement of prepared food material from leaves to different

palts of the plant. --------- e. Roots synthesize food material from absorbed watel- and

f. We can say there is a transporting system in plants for the transport of water and minerals upward prepared food malerial down\\ards. --------

g. Plants cannot prepare its food using sunlight and wiltel-. -------- h . Plants are the only living things which can prep;lre food - - - - - - -

QUESTIOK-0: "Only gl-cen plants can prepare hod. All other ;inirnal\ iicl,cxnd oil pl;1111s lor their l'oocl." Rased 011 this stalernent :inswer the q u c s t i ( ~ ~ ~ ~ 211 i.11 I J c I o \ \ :

a . An example for a b o d chain heginnint: from green plants I S given below. Ohserve i t .

MAN (vegetarian)

;IMN ;I (non-vegetarian)

GREEN PLANTS ---------+ GOAT A LION (herbivore) (carnivore)

With the aid of suitable pictures construct as many food chains as possible using the following living things:

i. Plants vi. Large fish ii. Fish vii. Man iii. Insect viii. Deer iv. Leopard ix. Snake v. Frog x. Peacock

b. Comment on the importance of plants and descibe the role of plants in the daily life of other animals including man.

CONTENT

Water and minerals are conducted through xylem and prepared food materials through phloem.

Translocation in plants takes place through a system of tubes.

The xylem consists of tracheids

- -- - - - - -. SPECIFICATION I LEARNING ACTI\'ITY 7

~ ~ ~

I After distributing the activity sheets the teacher asks each student / Interprets to read their answers. students get the idea that the transpol-t of

materials inside the plant is called translocation. .-

With the active participation of students temporary slides of roots are prepared and students obsel-ve vascular bundles under the microscope. Teacher divides the whole class into groups of four or fivc students. Teacher gives roots of plants, razor, slide glass. covering glass and other necessary materials to prepare cross-section of roots to each group. Teacher also gives thc procedure to prepare the section of root to each student. The procedure is given belo\v as an instruction card.

Procedure: Make thin sections of root carefully using the razor. The i sections must be very thin and uniform in thickness. With the help of the brush put the sections in water. After cleaning put the sections in the stain provided and wash in water to remove ,

excess stain. After a few minutes take a good section out of the stain using the brush and keep i t on the center of the slide glass.

glass carefully without any air bubbles. Observe under ~~ . . --

~ Put a drop of water on the section and cover i t with the cover ,

Teacher collects some of the sections prepared .. .. ~... by ~-.. the ~ student>. ~ ---- ~

and vessels and phloem consists / of sieve tubes and companion

cells. Observes, Establish

relationships, Sees difference,

I

~ ~ ~ I I , SLIDE OF THE 8 ; 1 I SECTION OF ROOT I i

I I

To prepare temporary slide of the section of root. ; , in groups called

vascular I Predicts 1 bundles.

................................. Xylem and phloem are located

Materials required: Roots of plants. a iiciv razor. bnisli. \v;itcr. slide glass, covering glass, stain and microscope. 1 I

A

-- ~ ..---- ~~

Since the students are from standard VIII, teacher also prepares : sections and gives them to the students to observ~. under microscope (sections and slides prepared by the students may not ! be of good quality since they are doing i t for the first time). I

Students get an idea about thc location of xylem and phloeni ~ which are found in groups called iascular bundles.

Teacher shows suitable charts and diagrams and t l i ~

students understand that translocaliotl i l l pli~nts t i lhc . pl;~cc ; through a system of tubes (diagrams and pictures arc ~i \ .e i i to 1

each group of three or four students). Students also conle to knon !

that xylem consists of tracheids and vessels and phloem consists of sieve tubes and companion cells with the help of diagrams and - pictures given to them. A few photographs of original specimens are given in the next page. .- . -. ... . .-

T.S. OF DlCOT ROOT

T.S. OF MONOCOT ROOT

CONTENT 7

Generalize - ",

LEARNING ACTIVITY With the active uarticioation of students the teacher urenares

Vascular bundles extend through all the organs of the plant - root, stem, leaf and flower. Thus they form a system of tubes inside the plant.

. . cross-sections of roots, stems and leaves and gives one slide each to one group of three or four students. The students ohserve i t under the microscope. Teacher asks whether tliel-e is vascular bundles in each section of plant parts and asks each student to locate it. The student locates vascular bundle in all the cross- sections. The teacher also shows suitable charts, diagrams and photographs of cross-sections of roots, stem and leaves and asks each student to locate vascular bundles - xylem and phloem. (Diagrams and pictures are given to each group).

Students confirm the presence of vascular bundles in all plant parts. (Photographs of sections of plant stems and leaves shown to students are given in the next page).

Teacher gives activity sheet-I1 to each student and asks them to work on it. Students complete the activity sheet and each of them reads their answers. (Activity sheet-I1 is given at the end of

T.S. OF DlCOT STEM

T.S. OF MONOCOT STEM

T.S. OF LEAF

Enlarged view of T.S. of leaf

ACTIVITY SHEET - I1

QUESTION - 1

The diagrams given below are sections of root and leaf. Mark vascular bundles in the gven diagrams.

Section ofLeaf

OUESTION-2 (Mark the correct answer) Water and minerals are conducted through ------------

Xylem Phloem Epidermis Dermis

QUESTION-3 (Mark the correct answer) Prepared food materials are transported down through -----------

Xylem Phloem Epidermis Dermis

QUESTION-4 (Match the following): (i) Xylem - Seive tubes and companion cells (ii) Phloem - tracheids and vessels (iii) Roots - absorbs water and minerals from soil (iv) Leaf - prepares food for the whole plant

QUESTION-5 Write major differences between xylem and phloem in the space provided below

OUESTION-6 Give a definition in your own words for 'translocation' .....................................................................

7-

QUESTION-7 Plants absorb their food materials from the soil and prepares food. Arrange the given Darts of the vlant in the order in which this function is carried out.

Phloem

( I ) Xylem (tracheids and vessels), (2) leaf. (3) water and minerals, (4) prepared food, (5) all parts of the plant, (6) phloem (seive tubes and companion cells).

REVIEW

1. What is translocation? 2. What are vascular bundles? 3. What is the hnction of xylem and phloem? 4. What are the components of xylem? 5. What are the components of phloem?

ASSIGNMENTS

As assignments, the teacher gives activity sheet-111 which is given here

ACTIVITY SHEET-111 (ASSIGNMENTS)

I . In a wet piece of cotton put a few seeds. Keep the seeds in the wet cotton for 2-3 days. Observe the changes regularly for 7 days and prepare a note on it Draw the changes that appear in the seeds in the space given below. Note the major changes that occur each day.

2. Plant a plant in pot and keep the pot away from sunlight for a few days. 0hse1-\e what happens and glve reasoris for the changes that has been observed

3. Keep the potted plant for a few days w~thout waterlng the plant. What L\ 111 happen to the plant? Why does it happen'?

4. Draw some of the cross-sections prepared in the class (cross-sections of roots, stem and leaves) and mark vascular bundles in each of them.

5 . Write the sjmilarities and differences between xylem and phloem.

Similarities between xylem and phloem

~ - ,..

- . ~~~ - . ~~~

Differences between xylem and phloem

~

j&RR?mH- 2

LESSON TRANSCRIPT-I FOR EXPERIMENTAL GROUP-I1

Prepared by:

Dr. Celine Pereira &

Usha Parvathy

-- - -. - --

I Name of the teacher : Usha Parvathy Standard - VIII-' I I I Name of the School : 1 mts.

I 1 Subject : Biology

I1clr;rtlon - 3.5

Strength - I

I ! Unlt : Transport in Organisms Date I I I ! 1 Topic : Translocation I

- -- -- p~ .-

CONTENT OVERVIEW

Study about the transport in Organisms

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

Pupils know that the plants absorb water and minerals through the roots. They also know tl i ;~ t lhe water- and r>lirlcr;tls ;Ire transported to their leaves for synthesizing food materials.

CONTENT ANALYSIS

TERMS - (1) transporting system, (2) Translocation, (3) Xylem, (4) Phloem, (5) Tracheid.; and \.esscls. (6) Seitc r u l ~ r and companion cells, (7) Vascular bundles

FACTS- (1) Plants absorb water and minerals through their roots (2) They are transported to their leaves for synthesizing food materials (3) The prepared food materials are to be distributed to the different parts of the plants. For this there

is a transporting system in plants. (4) The transport of materials inside the plant is called translocation (5) Water and minerals are conducted through xylem and prepared food materials through phloem (6) Translocation in plants takes place through a system of tubes (7) The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels (8) Phloem consists of sieve tubes and companion cells (9) The xylem and phloem are located in groups called vascular bundles (10) Vascular bundles extend through all the organs of the plant root, stem, leaf and flower (1 1) Thus they form a system of tubes inside the plant

CONCEPT

Maior Concept

The transport of materials inside the plant is called translocation

Minor Conce~ts

(1) Water and minerals are conducted through xylem and prepared food materials through phloem (2) The xylem consists of tracheids and vessels and phloem consists of sieve tubes and companion cells

OBJECTIVES

I . Pupils get knowledge about the above terms 2. Pupils get an understanding of the above terms and facts and they form concepts 3. Pupils apply knowledge to study various phenomena like osmosis, root pressure and suction force

3 Pupils develop skill in observation 5 . Pupils develop interest in studying Biology and undertakes scientific hobbies f,. Pupils appreciate the biological phenomena 7 . Pupils develop scientific attitude and develop curiosity to k now about various scientific phenomena

TEACHING AIDS

I . Microscope. prepared slide of section of root and stem 7 Charts showing cross-sections of roots and stem, flow charts

--- CONTENT 1 SPECIFICATION I LEARNING ACTIVITY EVALIJATION -

PREPARATION I Teacher asks students whlch part of the 1 Plants absorb water and 1 plant absorbs water and minerals from 1

Recalls minerals through their 1 the soil. I roots -

I PRESENTATION a. \Vatcr ;lnd minerals are rransported to the leaves

, .............................

( '1-lic P ~ C I > ; I I . L . ~ food nlatcr~als are to be

,, distl-ibuted to different parts of the plant .............................

Teacher asks students which part of the / I Which part of the pG

11- sylith~sizing materials.

plant prepares food materials and whether synthesized food is kept in the

Explains

leaf itself or is it distributed to different parts of the plant. I

synthesizes food materials 2. What is translocation'?

Teacher asks what all 1 things should be added to the soil when / we plant a plant. Teacher also asks how 1

water and minerals reach the leaf. Students understand that there should be a transporting system in plants to transport water and minrals from the soil (

~ i j r this t 1 1 7 transportins system

I plants. I

The transport of materials ' inside the plant I S called 1 translocation 1, !

! - ' b. Water and minerals are

I conducted through xylem i and prepared food

materials through pliloem ................~---------~-~~

Translocat~on in plants takes place tlrrougI> a system of tubes ..............................

'The xylem consists tracheids and vessels and phloem consists of seive tubes - ~ - ~ p ~ . -

and to distribute prepared food materials from the leaf to different arts of the i

I ! I

~ I i ! 4 :

1 .What are vascular ! bundles? I I 2.What is the function of xylem? 3. What is the function of ! phloem? 4. What are the

plant. (Translocation). Students understand the terem translocation. With the help of a chart the teacher asks the students to explain translocation. (The chart shows a picture of a tree and the student should mark the transport of various substances viz. water, minerals, prepare food etc. in the plant. The teacher asks one or two students to mark how the materials are transported in the plant using arrow marks The teacher asks a student from each bench to explain Translocation. She then asks one or two students to write the definition on the board.

Observes,

The teacher shows a cross-section of root (prepared microscopic slide) nder microscope and asks each student to see the vascular bundles which consists of xylem and phloem. The teacher asks one or two students to draw what they ahd seen through the microscope on the black

components of xylem'? 5. What are the ~ components of phloem?

I I

- ~- !

Interprets board. The teacher asks some other students to mark vascular bundles in the diagram drawn on the blackboard. The teacher shows a chart showing a section of root and asks one or two students to point out vascular bundles. With the help of the chart the teacher

c. Vascular bundles extend through all organs of the plant - root, stem, leaf and flower. Thus they form a system of tubes inside the plants.

Observes, Locates

locates xylem and phloem in the vascular 1 bundles and explains the differences 1 between xylem and phloem. Students r

1 understand the difference in functions of xylem and phloem. They also understand , the components of xylem and phloem. (Teacher uses suitable charts).

Teacher asks one student from cnch bench to explain the functions of xylcm and phloem and to say the components of xylem and phloem. Teacher uses suitable charts blackboard diagrams and asks some

the chart. students to identify xylem and phloem in i

I ' Teacher shows cross-sections (prepared~l- ~ ~

microscopic slides) of root, stem and leaf. Teacher asks students to locatc i vascular bundles in each cross-sectlon. 1 Students identify vascular bundles in i each microscopic slide which shows the ( cross-section of different parts of' the I plant. They also understand that vascular 1 bundles form a system of tubes inside the ' plants. . .. !

REVIEW

a. What is translocation? b. What are vascular bundles? c. What is the function of xylem and phloem? d. What are the components of xylem? e. What are the components of phloem?

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Write the similarities and differences between xylem and phloem 2. Comment on the functions of vascular bundles 3. Write a paragraph about the importance of green plants

QUESTION PAPER OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST

Prepared by

Dr. Celine Pereira &

Usha Parvathy

MAHATMA GANDHI UNmRSITY SCHOOL OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES

KOTTAYAM 2000

ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN BIOLOGY

Standard - VIII T m 25 Mts.

UNIT - TRANSPORT IN ORGANISMS Max Marks : 25

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS

1. This test has 25 multiple choice questions. Each question has four options indi- cated by letters a, b, c, and d. Out of these four choices only one answer is correct. Identify the c o m t answer.

2. Answers should be marked only in the given answer sheet. Mark your answers against the letters (a, b, c, d) gven in your answer sheet.

3. The answers should be marked by darkening the respective circle (See the example) a b c d

0 . 0 0

4. If you want to change your answer put a 'X' mark above your answer and then darken the newly optcd one (See the example) a b c d

0 x 0 5 . You must strictly ohsene tlle timc h i t i.e., 25 minutes.

6. Start a n ~ w e r i n ~ o t i l y \\lien you are told so. Alier the dill-ation orthe test pleasc return the question hooklet and ansrver sheet to the teachel-.

7 . If you need ally li11111cr clariiicatior~ please appl-oach your tcachcl-

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

Root hairs are slender and flexible extension of--.^- a. Edpideimal cells of root. b. Endodermal cells ofroot C. xylem d. Pholem

Osmosis is the diffusion ofwater molecules fiom a region ofits - a. Lower concentration to a region of its higher concentration b. Higher concentration to aregioii of its lower centration c. Lower concentration to a region ofit same concentration d. Higher concentration to a region ofits same concentration.

The cell sap in the root has concentration of water molecules than that of soil water. a. more b. eq=J c. lesser d. none of the above.

W.B.C. produces certain specific substances which guard our body against diseases. These substances are. a. Antigens b. Antibodies C. Plasma d. Lymph

The heart-beat of an athelete is 50 times per minute which means his heart is a. Less efficient than a normal person. b. Equally efficient as that of anomal person c. Not at all efficient d. More efficient that of a normal person.

The phloem is coniposed oC . a n d - a. Tracheids and vessels b. Sieve tubes and conipan~on cells c. Epideniiis and cuticlc d. R.B.C. and \V.R.C.

Circulatory system consists of and - a . Muscles and bones b. Heart and blood \-esssls c. Brain and ncncs d . Stoniach and i~itestincs

There are types of corpuscles a. 2 types b. 6 types c. 3 types d. 4types

The smallest blood vessel in the body is a. Artery b. Vein c. Capillary d. Venacava.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

Absorption ofsalts against concentration gradent utilizing energy is called a. Active absorption b. Passive absorption c. Pressure absoprtion d. Concentration absorption.

The medium ofhansportation in hlgher animals is a. d v a b. water c. digestive juice d. blood

W.B.C. are produced in - -

a. bone marrow alone b. liver c. bone marrow, lymphnodes and spleen d. liver and spleen

Ilissolved solids like fibrinogen, ganunaglobulin and albumin present in the blood are a. Fats b. Sugar c . Proteins d. Cholesbol.

- produces R.B.C. and also W.B .C. a. Lymph nodes b. Spleen c. Bone marrow d. Liver.

IV.

21.

Heat? ofhuman beings IS divided into -- -- -

a. 2 Chambers b. 2 Chambers and one partial partition between 3rd & 4th chambers c. 3 Chambers d. 4 Chambers.

system forms the tansporting system in man a. Digestive system b. Muscular system c. Skeletal system d. Circulatory system.

Vascular bundles are seen in a. Roots and stem b. Leaf c. Flower d. All the above.

About % ofplasma is water a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100%

NAME THE FOLLOWING:

Which of the following cells do not have a nucleus. a. Red blood cells b. White blood cells c. Nerve cells d. Epidermal cells.

carry oxygenated blood a. Pulnionay vein h. Superior venacava c. Inferior venacava d . A11 iheabo\,c.

GIVE REASONS:

People sufferirlg fi.om anaemia should take iroli-rich food because -

a. Iron helps to increase W.B.C' b. Iron helps to increase R B C C. Irolr helps 10 increase plateleis d . 1ro11 helps 10 increase plasm;\.

SAY TRUE ORFALSE:

22. Wiicli oi'lhe rollowing statements is correct about the ntln?bcr of K.13.C. and W.B.C.iii liunan blood. a. The number of R.R.C. and W.B.C. are equal b. The number 0fR.B.C. is more ~ h a n W.B.C. c. The number 0fW.B.C. is inore than R.B.C. d. None of the above.

V1. Observe the diagram given below and answer question No. 23 f

23. In the above diagram showing the section of root, the marked portion is the a. Epidermis b. Vascular bundle c. Root hair d. Flowcr

V 1.1. Observe the diagani showing t11e microscopic view of l-uin~an blood give11 below and answer q~~estions 24 and 25 .

24. In the above diagram the cell marlted I is a. R.B.C. b. W.B.C. c. Plasma d. Water

25. In the above diagram the cell marked 2 is a. Erythrocytes b. Leucocytes c. Plasma d. Water

- ANSWER SHEET OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST

NAME

BOYIGIRL :

DATE.

ANSWER SHEET

STANDARD

DIVISION

SCHOOL

SCORING KEY OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST

.... SCORNG KEY OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST

QUESTION PAPER OF DRAFT TEST

Prepared by:

Dr. Celine Pereira &

Usha Parvathy

MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PEDAGOGICAL SClENCES

KOTTAYAM 2000

ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN BIOLOGY

Standard - VIII

UNIT - TRANSPORT IN ORGANISMS

Time: 45 Mts.

Max. Marks : 40

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS

1. This test has 40 multiple choice questions. Each question has four options indicated by letters a, b, c, and d. Out ofthese four choices only one answer is correct. Identify the correct answer.

2. Answers should be marked only in the given answer sheet. Mark your answers against the letters (a, b, c, d) given in your answer sheet.

3. The answers should be marked by darkening the respective circle (See the example) a b c d

0 . 0 0

4. If you want to change your answer put a 'X' mark above your answer and then darken the newly opted one. (See the example) a h c d

O W 0 0

5 . You must strictly obsen~e the tlme limit i.e., 45 minutes

6 . Start answenngonly when you are told so. After the duration of the test please return the question booklet and answer sheet to the teacher.

7 . If you need any furthercla~ification please approach your teacher.

The transport of materials inside the plant is called -- a. Transportation b. Translocafion c. Respiration d. Evaporation

Xylem and pholem are located in groups called - a. Seive tubes b. Companion cells c. Trachieds d. Vascular bundles

The xylem consists of and ___ a. Tracheids and vessels b. Seive tubes and companion cells c. Epidermis and cuticle d. R.B.C. and W.B.C.

Root hairs are slender and flexible extension of- a. Edpidennal cells of root. b. Endodermal cells ofroot C. xylem d. Pholem

Osmosis is the diffusion ofwater molecules fiom aregion of its- a. Lower concentration to a region of its higher concentration - - b. Higher concentration to aregion of its lower centration c. Lower concentration to a region ofit same concentration d. Higher concentration to a region of its same concentration.

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a- a. Permeable membrane b. Impermeable nlemberane c. Semi-permeable membrane d. Any kind ofmemberane

The cell sap in the root has concentration ofwarel. innolrcules than that ofsoil water. a. more b. equal c. lesser d. none of the above.

For osmosis to take place - is necessary a. A liquid with higher concenl.ration ofwater molecules b. A liquid with lower concentration ofwater molecules. c. A semi-permeable membrane in between d. All the above.

The cells of root exert a force or pressure on water which passes through xylem. This force is known as a. capillary force b. suction force c. root pressure d. osmosis.

Absorption of salts against concentration d e n t utilizing energy is called - a. Active absorption b. Passive absorption c. Pressure absoprtion d. Concentration absorption.

The medium of transportation in higher animals is a. saliva b. water c. digestive juice d. blood

People suffering kom anaemia should take iron-rich food because a. Iron helps to increase W.B.C. b. Iron helps to increase R.B.C. c. Iron helps to increase platelets d. Iron helps to increase plasma.

Worn out red blood cells are destroyed in a. bone marrow b. liver and spleen c. lymph nodes d. lymph nodes and bone marrow

W.B.C. are produced in. a. bone marrow alone b. liva c. bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen d. liver and spleen

W.B.C. produces certain specific substances which g ~ ~ a r d our body against diseases. These substances are a. Antigens b. Antibodies c. Plasma d. Lymph

The heart-beat ofan athelete is 50 times per minute which means his heart i Q .- -- a. Less efficient than a normal person. b. Equally efficient as that of a normal person c. Not at all efficient d. More or less as efficient that of a nonnal person

1 7. Dissolved solids like fibrinogen, gan~maglobulin and albumin present in the blood are a. Fats b. Sugar c. Proteins d. Cholestrol.

18. produces R.B.C. and also W.B.C. a. Lymph nodes b. Spleen c. Bone marrow d. Liver.

19. Given below are some blood components:- (a) leucocytes, @) erythrocytes, (c) platelets, (d) plasma Match the above components with the functions given below:- i) initiate clotting ofblod

absorb oxygen fiom lungs and transports it to different parts of the body iiii protects our body from diseases iv) absorbs carbon dioxide from the cells and convey it to the lungs for

elhination. The correct match ofblood components and functions is a. (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iv) b. (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iv) c. (a) - (ii), @) - (ii)), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i) d. (a) - (ii), (b) - (ui), (c) .- (iv), (d) - (i)

20. Pickled mangoes shrink. The reason is a. Transpiration b. Evaporation c. Osmosis d. Sublimation.

2 1. Heart ofhurnan beings is divided into a. 2 Chambers b. 2 Chambers and one partial partition between 3rd & 4th chambers c. 3 Chambers d. 4 Chambers.

22. Which ofthe following cells do not have a nucleus. a. Red blood cells b. White blood cells c. Nerve cells d. Epidermal cells.

2 3 .- system fnnns the tansporting system in man a. Digestive system b. Muscular systen~ c. Skeletal system d. Circulatory system

24. Hormones are transported to various orogans by the a. Blood b. Water C. EbZitne.5

d . Saliva

25. Wllich of the following statements is correct about tlie number of R.B.C. and W.B.C. in human blood. a. The number 0FR.B.C. and W.B.C. are equal b. The number of R.B.C. is more than W.B.C. c. The number of W.B.C. is more than R.B.C. d. None of the above.

The phloem is composed of and a. Tracheids and vessels b. Sieve tubes 2nd companion cells c. Epidermis and cuticle d. R.B.C. and W.B.C.

Observe the diagram given below and answer question No.27.

111 the above diagram showing the section of root, the marked porlion is t l ~ e a. Epidcnnis b. Vascular bundle

Root hair Flower

28. Vascular bundles are seen in - a. Roots and stem b. Leaf c. Flower d. A11 the above.

29. -- is an example for a unicellular oroganism a. Man b. Coral c. Tape worm d. Amoeba.

30. Circulatory system consists of -- and - a. Muscles and bones b. Heart and blood vessels c. Brain and nerves d. Stomach and intestines.

31. About % ofplasma is water a. 10% b. 50% c. 90% d. 100%

32. cany oxygenated blood. a. Pulmonaryvein b. Superiorvenacava c. Inferior venacava d. All the above.

33. The average life spanofR.B.C. is a. 100 days b. 150 days c. 20 days d. 120 days.

34. Thereare - types ofcorpuscles a. 2 types b. 6 types c . 3 types d . 4 types

Observe the diagram given below and answer questions 35 and 30

3 5 . In the above diagram the cell marked 1 is a. R.B.C. b. W.B.C. c. Plasma d. Water

36. In the above diagram the cell marked 2 is a. Erythrocytes b. Leucocytes c. Plasma d. Water

37. The smallest blood vessel in the body is a. Artery b. Vein c. Capillary d. Venacava.

38. One cubic millimeter ofblood contains about white blood cells * - a. 1000 b. 4000 c. 6000 d. 9000

3 9. Name the vitamin necessary for blood clotting. a. Vitamin A b. VitaminC c. ~~K d. vitamin E.

40. The liquid part ofblood is called a. Plasma b. Water c. Platelets d. I-formone

ANSWER SHEET OF DlUFT TEST

ANSWER SHEET DATE

NAME STANDARD

BOYIGIRL DIVISION

Queshon No

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

I 5

16

17

1 S

l 9

2 0

a b c d

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0 0

SCHOOL

Question No

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

3 3

34

3 5

36

17

7 8

3 0

40

a b c d

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

(1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

. a ANSWER KEY OF DRAFT TEST

SCORING KEY OF DRAFT TEST

BLUE PRINT OF DRAFT TEST

BLUE PRINT OF DRAFT TEST

(;RAND TOTAL 10

*The numbers inside the bracket denotes the question number. Each question carries one mark.

WEIGHTAGE TO CONTENT

WEIGHTAGE TO CONTENT

QUESTION NO. ODJECI'IVES

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

l I.

Transport in Animals

Circulatory system in Man

Human Blood

Blood Corpuscles

1.unctlons of Blood

Blood clotting

Structure of Human Heart

2

2

5

11

I

1

4

1139

2320

17,22,31,34,4U

12,13,14,15,18,19,25,33,35,36,38

--

24

3'1

l6.21.3?.37

2

2

5

11

I

1

3

5%

5%

12.5%

27.5%

2 5 %

2.5%

10%

WEIGHTAGE TO OBJECTIVES

WEIGHTAGE TO OBJlECTIVES

No.

1.

2.

3.

OBJECTIVES

Knowledge

Understanding

Application

TOTAL MARKS

10

13

17

QUESTION NO.

2,3,4,10,11,14,31,32,38,40

1,9,13,15,17,18,21,23,24,26, 30,37,39

5,6,7,8,12,16,19,20,22,25, 27,28,29,33,34,35,36

TOTAL NO. OF

QUESTIONS

10

'3

17

%

25%

32.5%

42.5%

WEIGHTAGE TO DIFFICULTY LEVEL

WEIGHTAGE TO DIFFICULTY LEVEL

No.

1.

2.

3.

OBJECTNES

Easy

Average

D~fficult

TOTAL MARKS

10

20

10

QUESITON NO.

1,2,3,6,9,2429,31,36,40

4,5,7,10,11,12,14,15,16,17,21,22, 2325,26,27,28,30,32,37

8,13,18,19,20,33,34,35,38,39

TOTAL NO.OF QUES-

10

20

10

%

25%

50%

-

25%

TABLE SHOWING THE RESULT OF ITEM ANALYSIS

TABLE SHOWINCi THE RESULT 01: lTIFM ANALYSIS

[Selected items a!-e markcd usins an ( * ) asterisk mark]

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS SCALE FORM (PERSONAL DATA SHEET)

MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL O F PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES

KOTTAYAM 2000

Personal Data Sheet c3 Instructions

This scale is meant for your parentslguardians, but most of the information required is known to you. So you are requested to fill in all the columns given below in consultation with your parentslguardians. Please show the brothers, sisters and others who stay in your family by putting tick ( ) marks.

Name .................... -. Standard 4 .................... Name of School .................... Place ....................

Members

Father1 Guardian

...

. . . ~ ~~ - - - 2. . -.

-- ..... ....

Illiterate Std. I to IV

Std. V to VII

Std. VIII to X

P.U.C, P.D.C, Intermediate T.T.C

B.A, B.Sc, B.Com, Engg.Diploma

M.A, M.Sc, M.Ed, B.L, B.Sc(Eng), M.Sc(Eng), Ph.D, B.Sc(Tech). M.B.B.S etc.

-

Occupation Monthly income

1

LIST OF EXPERTS

LIST OF EXPERTS

Dr. K.R Sivadasan Retd. Professor, Department of Education, University of Kerala

Dr. P.B Sudev Documentalist, Population Research Centre University of Kerala

Mr. Oommen P. Mathew Field Investigator, Population Research Centre University of Kerala

Mr. K.P. S Nair Retd. Professor, Department of Zoology University College, Trivandmm

LIST OF PERSONS CONSULTED

Mrs. Ancey Varughese Research Oficer, SCERT, Trivandmm

Mrs. Jaya. K. Biology Teacher, Govt. High School Elamakkara, Ernakulam.

Mrs Mini Rajagopal Department of Mathematics Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Ernakulam

Mr. Rajesh. R . Software Engineel