Lesson01-Train1

Xsteel Training Course Lesson 1 – Train 1 Model

Copyright Tekla Oyj 2000 Page 1-1

Lesson 1 - Train 1

Start New Model 3

Create 3d view 4

Create Grids 5

Create views (Plans & Elevations) 6

Input Members 9Columns 9Beams 11

Point Creation 13

Adding Connections 15Base Plates 17End Plate 18Fin Plates 19

Copy Members & Connections 20

Add wall bracings along grids 1 and 4 21





Start New Model

From the File pull-down menu select New or pick the New Model icon.

In the Selection field in the New Model dialogue box, pick after “Xsteel_Models” and type: \TRAIN1(See example below).

Note: Special marks (/ \ . ; : | ) cannot be used in a model name

Press the OK button and the model will now be created.



Create 3d view

Create the 3d view by double clicking on the Create Basic View icon.

Complete the View Properties dialogue box as shown below and press the Apply button.

In the Create Basic View dialogue box ensure the coordinate is 0.0 and press Create to create the view.

Note: The Up and Down depthspecifies the depth of the viewabove and below the nominatedview plane. The view plane level isthe coordinate typed in the CreateBasic View dialogue box



Create Grids

From the Points pull-down menu select Grid.

Complete the Grid dialogue box as shown below by completing the X, Y & Z coordinates for the gridlines and then the text for the grid lines.

Note: A zero is used at the start to represent a grid on the 0,0 coordinate and spaces are used as gridseparators.

Press the Create button once and the grid will be created.

Press OK to close the Grid dialogue box.

You will notice that the grid will appear small in the bottom left corner of the view. Single pick in the view,right click on the mouse and select Fit work area.



Create views (Plans & Elevations)

Create the Plan views by double clicking on the Create Basic View icon again.Complete the View Properties dialogue box as shown below and press the Apply button.

Note: It is very important to press apply or OK after typing information into any dialogue box otherwiseXsteel does not use this input.

Note: The Up and Down view depth has been changed to 500. This will limit the view depth by onlyshowing objects that are within 500mm above and below the Nominated view plane coordinate.

In the Create Basic View dialogue box ensure the coordinate is 0.0 and press Create to create the view.Now create the plan view at RL 3200, by typing in the Name of the view in the View Properties dialoguebox, Applying this, typing the View Plane coordinate of 3200 in the Create Basic View dialogue box andpressing Create. Repeat this for the Plan view at RL 6500.



Now create the Elevation views on each grid line by first double clicking on the Create View by twopoints icon.

Complete the View Properties dialogue box as shown below and Apply this. There is no need to pressOK, Apply is sufficient.

Now pick two points along Grid 1 picking from left to right.

A pair of arrows will appear. These represent the direction in which the view will be taken.

Modify the View Properties dialogue box for Grid 2, Apply this and pick two points on Grid 2.

Repeat this for the remaining grids.



Tip: It is a good idea not to have too many views open at the same time. Nine is the maximum numberof open views. You can open or close named views by clicking “abc” icon.



Input Members

Columns

To input the columns, double click on the Create Column icon.Complete the Column Properties dialogue box as shown below, and Apply this.

COLUMN

HEA300

S235JR



In the 3d view, pick the intersection of Grids A-1 to input the column.

Now input the other HEA300 column on B-1.

Adjust the Column Properties dialogue box for a HEA240, Apply and input these columns.

Repeat this for the remaining columns.

You will notice that the column on grid B-3 needs to be rotated. This can be done by double clicking onthe Column to retrieve the properties of this column, adjusting the rotation from “Front” to “Top”, andthen pressing Modify.

The column on grid B-4 needs offsetting from the Grid Line. This can be done by adjusting the VerticalPosition value in the Column Properties dialogue box.



Beams

To input a beam, double click on the Create Beam icon.

Note: Beams, Braces, Rafters, Purlins etc.. can be inputted using this command.

Complete the Beam Properties dialogue box as shown below, and Apply this.

BEAM

IPE300

S235JR



In the Plan view at RL 3200, pick the intersection of Grids A-1 then the intersection of Grid A-2

Note: When inputting horizontal members always pick from Left to Right or from Bottom to Top forconsistency purposes.

Now input the other IPE300 grid beam.

Adjust the Beam Properties dialogue box for a IPE240, Apply and input these grid beams.

Repeat this for the remaining grid beams.

The beam between B-3 and B-4 needs offsetting from the Grid Line. This can be done by adjusting thePosition in Plane value in the Beam Properties dialogue box.



Point Creation

The Point Tools allow you to accurately position the objects that you model.Now construct points for the infill beams by double clicking on the Create Parallel Points icon, typing3500 2000 in the dialogue box and Applying this.

Now pick the intersection of Grids A-1 then A-2.

This will then project points up grids 1 and 2 at spacings of 3500 then 2000.

While still in the command pick the intersection of Grids A-3 then A-4.

Input the horizontal IPE300 infill beams.

To create the points for the vertical infill beams double click on the Create Extension Point icon andtype -3000 -1500.

Pick from point 1 to point 2 shown below,



Repeat this along the beam above.

Now using the Create Divided Line Points icon and using a value of 1, pick from the intersection ofGrid A-1 to Grid A-2. This will divide these two points equally and place a point at the midpoint.

Click the Create Projection Point icon. Pick the intersection at Gridlines B1 and then the Column nearGridlines B2.The Command line then asks you to “Pick a point to project”. Pick two of the points created with the“Create extension point” tool, to project the points to Gridline B.

Double click the Beam icon to open the Beam Properties dialog box so that you can change the profile.Model the remainder of the beams. Remember to always model from left to right and from bottom to top.



Adding Connections

Connections can be modelled very quickly with macros. The greatest benefits when you work withmacros are:1) The macro settings can be saved under a certain name at any time. These settings can then be

used for all projects.2) When you modify sections in the model, all macros are automatically modified at the same time.3) If you select options such as edit, copy, or mirror, all connections are automatically included. The

connections that are copied or mirrored are then exactly the same as the originals. The sameapplies to plates and bolts.

Macros reside on the right-hand edge of the Xsteel screen. By clicking onthe user can switch between the various sides. Xsteel has a macro for most connections.The macros are divided into 2 large groups: joints that connect two or more beams and details thatincludes only one beam. With the first group the macro asks the user for selection of 2 sections -sequence of clicking of sections (first the main part and then the secondary part). In the case of macrosthat work with more than two beams, you can conclude the selection of a beam with the middle mousekey.In the case of the second group of macros (= details) Xsteel asks the user for a section (e.g. a column)and for a point for the detail (e.g. a sole plate). This point is the point that lies on the under side of thecolumn.When a connection has been made successfully the symbol will be green. When a connection has failedthe symbol is red. If the symbol appears yellow there may be some problem associated with theconnection. You should examine a connection with a yellow symbol closely to determine the problem.Most of the time a yellow symbol will be associated with either bolts or holes that have an edge distanceless than that of the connection default value. The most common reason for getting a red symbol or afailed connection is because of the “up direction” is inappropriate for connection that has been made. Inmost cases the auto choice can take care of the up direction but in unclear cases it has to be definedmanually. Up direction is indicated by the direction of the arrow in the joint symbol. The user can find thecorrect up direction for the connection by opening the Help file for the macro that was used. The normalup direction is shown on the Picture tab of the macro. The direction can be changed by selecting thesymbol in the model and then on the General tab of the macro change the x y or z direction and clickModify.

The up direction of the macro is of critical importance!



With the settings of bolt groups and elongated holes, Xsteel asks for the bolt distances in the horizontaland vertical directions. For macros the convention is that the direction of the arrow is the verticaldirection.

The setting for position numbers, the material and the bolt fittings can all be made in the settings for themacros. These specifications must all be entered in the macro. These settings can be stored as defaultfor this project.

verticalhorizontal



Base Plates

The first connection that we will add are the column Base Plates. From the third pageof the macro side menu, double click on the Base plate (1004) macro icon. Following dialog appears:

Apply the default settings with “Apply” or “OK” button, pick the column and then the point at the bottomof the column.

Note: The command line will prompt you to pick the part, then pick the point. Always follow thecommand line information carefully.

In case of wrong up direction message “Illegal Z-direction” appears and macro will not be created.Experiment with the Base Plate macro by double clicking on the green macro symbol and adjusting any



parameters you wish. E.g. the thickness of base plate can be set in “Parts” tab page.

If you want to use this same base plate on the other columns, you can apply the macro settings and nowadd the Base plate (1004) to the other columns.

End Plate

From the 1. page of macros double click on the End plate (29) macro icon.

Apply the default settings and pick the main part (the column at intersection of Gridlines A1) then thesecondary part (beam on gridline 1 at level 3200).

Note: The macro icon shows a Beam to Column connection but this macro can be used for either Beamto Beam or Beam to Column connections.



Bolts can be defined in bolt dialog which appears by clicking “Bolts” tab page:

You can change joint attributes by double clicking to joint symbol, filling values and pressing “Modify”button.Continue to add End Plate connections to all of the main grid beams.

Note: For the double sided End Plate connections you must use the Two Sided End plate (142) macroinstead.

Fin Plates

From the sixth page of macros double click on the Shear plate simple (146) macro icon.

Apply the default settings and pick the main part (supporting beam) and then the secondary part(supported beam).

Continue to add Fin Plate connections to all of the infill beams.

Ensure that the Fin Plates are put onto the North or West side of the connection ie. Left or Top.



Copy Members & Connections

We will now use Xsteel’s view filters to filter out the columns so that it easier to select all of the beams.

Double click anywhere in the black region of the 3d view and the View Properties dialogue box for thatview should be displayed.

Pick the Filter button and complete the filter dialogue box as shown below:

Now press Modify and the columns should be filtered out to leave only the beams showing.

Drag across all of the beams to highlight them and then pick the Copy-Translate icon at the top of thescreen.

Type in 3300 in the Dz value of the Copy dialogue box and then press Copy. Now all of the beams andthe connections have been copied to the 6500 Floor level.



Add wall bracings along grids 1 and 4

Working in the Elevation on grid 1 view input the vertical bracing members using the Beam Propertiesdialogue box. Remember to put “middle” value to position fields.

Using Tube Gusset (20) macro connect the braces to the column. You need to pick the main member(column) then the secondary member(s) then pick the middle button of the mouse to confirm you havecompleted selecting all the secondary members (braces).

Note: You may need to adjust the Up Direction in the General tab of the macro if you get an Illegal Z-direction error message when applying the macro. Basically try the positive directions first ie. +X, +Y &+Z

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