Level 4 IELTS Writing Task 1 Task 1 Temporal Graphs … · IELTS Writing Task 1 ... • describe...

Level 4

IELTS Writing Task 1

Task 1 – Temporal Graphs Extension

Task 1 on the IELTS exam requires you to transfer information from a chart into a written report. You need to be able to give a clear interpretation of the data in the chart. You need to produce a report that gives an introduction and a body paragraph for each of the data sources.

So far you have practiced how to write about a line graph with three lines.

In this section you will use the skills and language that you have learned to write about other types

of temporal charts with different amounts of information.

To get a band 5 or 5.5 in IELTS, you need to:-

• write an overview

• describe the main information in the chart(s) correctly

• make some comparisons

• organise your writing in a clear and logical way

• use some good linking words

• use suitable vocabulary with good range, spelling and correct word forms

• have some simple sentences, some compound sentences (using linking words like and &

but), some complex sentences (e.g. …., which was the highest figure in the period, …,

after which…)

1

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis

The graph below shows the number of complaints made to a hotel in Dubai between 1990 and 2006.

Look at the graph and answer the questions.

1) What type of graph is it and what does it show?

Write the first sentence of the introduction in the box below.

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2) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about service?

3) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about cleanliness?

4) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about price?

5) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about food choices?

6) What are the similarities and differences in these trends?

7) How many paragraphs will you write for this report?

8) Will you start with two paragraphs with similar overall trends or different overall trends?

2


Look at the graph. Write the overview sentence of the introduction in the box below.

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Look at the graph. Write the first sentence of each body paragraph in the boxes below.

Looking at______________________________________________________________________________

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Similarly,_______________________________________________________________________________

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Unlike_________________________________________________________________________________

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Similar to______________________________________________________________________________

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Introduction - overview

Body 1 – general trend sentence

Body 2 – comparison & general trend sentence



3

Task 1 Temporal Graph Model Answer

The line graph shows the number of complaints received by a hotel, which were about service, how

clean it was, the cost and the choice of food, from 1990 to 2006. As an overall trend, the number of

complaints about food choices and cleanliness increased, while the number of complaints about prices and

service decreased over the sixteen year period.

Looking at the number of complaints about food choices, it is clear to see that it went up over

the period. It stood at 40 in 1990, after which it fluctuated upwards to 90 in 2004. Between 2004 and

2005, the figure leveled off.

Similarly, the number of complaints about cleanliness climbed during the same sixteen years. It

began at about 25 in 1990, before plateauing at 30 between 1992 and 1998. From 2000 to 2006, it rose

gradually to 80, which was the highest figure in the period.

Unlike number of complaints about food choices and cleanliness, there was an overall drop in the

number of complaints about hotel service. It started at 60 in 1990. Following this, there was a downwards

fluctuation in the number to approximately 5 in 2006, which was the lowest figure in the period.

Similar to the number of complaints about food choices, the number of complaints about prices fell

over the sixteen years. It began at 80 in 1990 and then rose slightly before following a downward trend to 30

in 2006.

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199019921994199619982000200220042006

Nu

mb

er Service

Cleanliness

Price

Food Choices

4

Task 1 Temporal Graph Practice

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6

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis & Comparison

Look at the graphs above and answer the questions.

1. What do the graphs show?

2. Is the information the same or different?

Sales of butter in millions of euros

Sales of sugar in millions of euros

2005 2015 2005 2015

Germany 1.5 8 Germany 2 7

Holland 3 6 Holland 1 5.5 Finland 1.8 2 Finland 0.6 4

Latvia 1 1.7 Latvia 1.8 1 Poland 0.8 1 Poland 2 0.9

7


Look at the charts and answer the questions.

1) What type of charts are they and what do they show?


________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________

2) What is the overall trend for sales of butter in each country?

3) What is the overall trend for sales of sugar in each country?

4) Is it easier to write a body paragraph for each country or one body paragraph for butter and another body

paragraph for sugar?

5) For sales of butter, in which countries did it increase sharply and in which did it increase only slightly?

6) Which country had the highest sales of butter in 2015?

7) If you were writing one body paragraph about sales of butter, which country would you write first? Which

one would be second, and which three would you describe together?

8) For sales of sugar, in which three countries did sales rise and in which two countries did sales fall?

9) Which country had the lowest sales of sugar in 2015?



2005 2015 2005 2015


Holland 3 6 Holland 1 5.5

Finland 1.8 2 Finland 0.6 4 Latvia 1 1.7 Latvia 1.8 1

Poland 0.8 1 Poland 2 0.9

8


Put the words/phrases from the boxes into the gaps in the paragraphs.

The tables show sales of butter and sugar in five European countries, __________________ Germany,

Holland, Finland, Latvia and Poland, in 2005 and 2015 in millions of euros. _________________________,

sales of butter increased in all the countries. _____________, sales of sugar rose in Germany, Holland and

Finland, _____________ in Latvia and Poland it decreased over the ten year period.

Looking at the amount of butter sold in the five countries, _______________________________

it went up over the period. In Germany, it climbed dramatically, from 1.5 million euros to 8 million euros,

_________________________ in the five countries. Butter sales in Holland ______________ grew

sharply, from 3 million euros to 6 million euros. ______________, sales of butter increased slightly in

the other three countries, from 1.8 to 2 million euros in Finland, from 1 to 1.7 million euros in Latvia and

from 0.8 to 1 million euros in Poland.

___________________________, sales of sugar went up in three of the countries, ___________

there was an overall fall in the other two countries. In Germany, sales stood at 2 million euros in 2005,

before rising rapidly to 7 million euros in 2015. Sales ___________ increased sharply in Holland and

Finland, from 1 to 5.5 million and 0.6 to 4 million euros ____________________. On the other hand, in

Latvia, the figure dropped moderately from 1.8 to 1 million euros, while in Poland, there was a moderate

decrease from 2 to 0.9 million euros, ______________________________ in the five countries.



2005 2015 2005 2015

Germany 1.5 8 Germany 2 7 Holland 3 6 Holland 1 5.5



As an overall trend while which were However

In contrast which was the highest also it is clear to see that

respectively but which was the lowest also unlike butter sales

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11

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis and Comparison

Look at the graph and answer the questions below.

1) What type of graph is it and what does it show?

2) Is the percentage of people over 64 years in each country higher in 1940 or 2030?

3) Which parts of this graph are in the past, present and future?

4) Read the introduction below and underline the overview sentence. What does the overview

sentence compare?

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30

40

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Percentage of people 65 years and over

Qatar Bahrain Iran

Introduction

The line graph shows the percentage of people older than 64 years in three countries,

which are Qatar, Bahrain and Iran, from 1940 to 2030. As an overall trend, the percentage of

people 65 and older in all three countries will be higher in 2030 than in 1940.

12

present perfect simple

5) Read body paragraph 1 below and underline the ‘comparison and general trend sentence’.

6) Using the information from the description part of body paragraph 1, complete the diagram below

by filling in the boxes.

7) Look at the diagram above,

a) why are past simple tenses used in the first two time points?

b) why is the present perfect simple used in 2016?

8) How is the present perfect formed (complete the gaps)?

have / __________________ + increased (past participle)

9) What time word is used with the year 2010 in the sentence with the present perfect simple tense?

1940 2030 2016 Year

Percentage 8% 20% 25%

Verb

past simple

past

simple

stood at

Verb tense

fluctuated has increased

will rise

Body 1

Looking at the figures for Qatar, it is clear to see that the percentage was lower in the

past and it will be greater in 2030. It stood at about 8% in 1940, after which it fluctuated

upwards to 20% in 2010. Since 2010, the percentage has increased to about 22%. In 2030, it

will rise to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

13


10) Complete the gaps in other ways to write a future form for this graph.

In 2030, it will rise to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

In 2030, it is expected _______ rise to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

or

In 2030, it is predicted to _______ to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

11) Read body paragraph 2 below and underline the ‘comparison and general trend sentence’. Then,

using the information from the description part of body paragraph 2, complete the diagram below.

1940 2030 Year

Percentage 12%

Verb

past simple

future

simple

_________________

Verb tense

_______________ will rise

Body 2

Similarly, the percentage in Bahrain was much smaller in the past than it will be in 2030.

It began at 5% in 1940, which was the lowest figure in the period. Since then, there has been

an upwards trend to around 12%. In 2030, it will rise to 30%.

14



find the sentence with a present perfect simple verb and use the information from that sentence to

complete the diagram below.

Year

Percentage

Verb

Verb tense

_______________

Body 3

Similar to in Qatar and Bahrain, in Iran, the percentage in 1940 was not as high as it will

be in 2030. It started at around 3% in 1940, before declining slightly to about 1% in 1950.

Following this, there was no change to 1970. Next, the figure climbed gradually to

approximately 7% in 2000. Since 2000, it has gone up to 25%. In 2030, it will increase to

40%.

15

Task 1 Temporal Graph

Model Answer

The line graph shows the percentage of people older than 64 years in three countries, which

are Qatar, Bahrain and Iran, from 1940 to 2030. As an overall trend, the percentage of people 65

and older in all three countries will be higher in 2030 than in 1940.








Similar to in Qatar and Bahrain, in Iran, the percentage in 1940 was not as high as it will be in

2030. It started at around 3% in 1940, before declining slightly to about 1% in 1950. Following this,

there was no change to 1970. Next, the figure climbed gradually to approximately 7% in 2000. Since

2000, it has gone up to 25%. In 2030, it will increase to 40%.

0

10

20

30

40

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030


Qatar Bahrain Iran

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18

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis (Answers)

The graph below shows the number of complaints made to a hotel in Dubai between 1990 and 2006.

Look at the graph and answer the questions.

1) What type of graph is it and what does it show? line graph, complaints about one hotel’s servcice, how clean it was, cost and food options


2) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about service? went down

3) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about cleanliness? went up

4) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about price? went down

5) What is the overall trend for the number of complaints about food choices? went up

6) What are the similarities and differences in these trends? services and price same, cleanliness and food choices same 7) How many paragraphs will you write for this report? 4

8) Will you start with two paragraphs with similar overall trends or different overall trends? probably similar


clean it was, the cost and the choice of food, from 1990 to 2006.

19


Look at the graph. Write the overview sentence of the introduction in the box below.

As an overall trend, the number of complaints about food choices and cleanliness increased, while the number

of complaints about prices and service decreased over the sixteen year period.

Look at the graph. Write the first sentence of each body paragraph in the boxes below.

Looking at the number of complaints about food choices, it is clear to see that it went up over the period.

Similarly, the number of complaints about cleanliness climbed during the same sixteen years.

Unlike number of complaints about food choices and cleanliness, there was an overall drop in the number of

complaints about hotel service.

Similar to the number of complaints about food choices, the number of complaints about prices fell over the

sixteen years.

Introduction - overview

Body 1 – general trend sentence




20



clean it was, the cost and the choice of food, from 1990 to 2006. As an overall trend, the number of

complaints about food choices and cleanliness increased, while the number of complaints about prices and

service decreased over the sixteen year period.

Looking at the number of complaints about food choices, it is clear to see that it went up over

the period. It stood at 40 in 1990, after which it fluctuated upwards to 90 in 2004. Between 2004 and

2005, the figure leveled off.

Similarly, the number of complaints about cleanliness climbed during the same sixteen years. It

began at about 25 in 1990, before plateauing at 30 between 1992 and 1998. From 2000 to 2006, it rose

gradually to 80, which was the highest figure in the period.

Unlike number of complaints about food choices and cleanliness, there was an overall drop in the

number of complaints about hotel service. It started at 60 in 1990. Following this, there was a downwards

fluctuation in the number to approximately 5 in 2006, which was the lowest figure in the period.

Similar to the number of complaints about food choices, the number of complaints about prices fell

over the sixteen years. It began at 80 in 1990 and then rose slightly before following a downward trend to 30

in 2006.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

199019921994199619982000200220042006

Nu

mb

er Service

Cleanliness

Price

Food Choices

21


Look at the graphs above and answer the questions.

3. What do the graphs show? how much butter and sugar was sold in 5 countries

over 2 years

4. Is the information the same or different? same



2005 2015 2005 2015



Latvia 1 1.7 Latvia 1.8 1 Poland 0.8 1 Poland 2 0.9

22

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis & Comparison (Answers)

Look at the charts and answer the questions.

1) What type of charts are they and what do they show?


The tables show sales of butter and sugar in five European countries, which were Germany, Holland, Finland,

Latvia and Poland, in 2005 and 2015 in millions of euros.

2) What is the overall trend for sales of butter in each country? went up for all countries

3) What is the overall trend for sales of sugar in each country? went up for Germany,Holland and Finland,

went dwn for Latvia and Poland

4) Is it easier to write a body paragraph for each country or one body paragraph for butter and another body

paragraph for sugar? butter and sugar

5) For sales of butter, in which countries did it increase sharply and in which did it increase only slightly?

Germany and Holland – sharply, rest – moderately

6) Which country had the highest sales of butter in 2015? Germany

7) If you were writing one body paragraph about sales of butter, which country would you write first? Which

one would be second, and which three would you describe together? Germany, Holland, other 3

8) For sales of sugar, in which three countries did sales rise and in which two countries did sales fall?

Germany,Holland and Finald – went up, rest - fell

9) Which country had the lowest sales of sugar in 2015? Poland – 0.9 million euros



2005 2015 2005 2015


Holland 3 6 Holland 1 5.5



23

Task 1 Temporal Graph Gapfill Answers

The tables show sales of butter and sugar in five European countries, which were Germany, Holland,

Finland, Latvia and Poland, in 2005 and 2015 in millions of euros. As an overall trend, sales of butter

increased in all the countries. However, sales of sugar rose in Germany, Holland and Finland, while in Latvia

and Poland it decreased over the ten year period.

Looking at the amount of butter sold in the five countries, it is clear to see that it went up over

the period. In Germany, it climbed dramatically, from 1.5 million euros to 8 million euros, which was

the highest in the five countries. Butter sales in Holland also grew sharply, from 3 million euros to 6

million euros. In contrast, sales of butter increased slightly in the other three countries, from 1.8 to 2

million euros in Finland, from 1 to 1.7 million euros in Latvia and from 0.8 to 1 million euros in Poland.

Unlike butter sales, sales of sugar went up in three of the countries, but there was an overall

fall in the other two countries. In Germany, sales stood at 2 million euros in 2005, before rising rapidly

to 7 million euros in 2015. Sales also increased sharply in Holland and Finland, from 1 to 5.5 million and

0.6 to 4 million euros respectively. On the other hand, in Latvia, the figure dropped moderately from

1.8 to 1 million euros, while in Poland, there was a moderate decrease from 2 to 0.9 million euros,

which was the lowest in the five countries.



2005 2015 2005 2015



Latvia 1 1.7 Latvia 1.8 1


24

Task 1 Temporal Graph Analysis and Comparison

Look at the graph and answer the questions below.

1) What type of graph is it and what does it show? line graph showing percentage of older people

over 64 years from 1940 to 2030

2) Is the percentage of people over 64 years in each country higher in 1940 or 2030? 2030

3) Which parts of this graph are in the past, present and future?

4) Read the introduction below and underline the overview sentence. What does the overview

sentence compare? earliest time (1940) and latest time (2030)

0

10

20

30

40

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030


Qatar Bahrain Iran

Introduction

The line graph shows the percentage of people older than 64 years in three countries,

which are Qatar, Bahrain and Iran, from 1940 to 2030. As an overall trend, the percentage of

people 65 and older in all three countries will be higher in 2030 than in 1940.

25

present perfect

simple

5) Read body paragraph 1 below and underline the ‘comparison and general trend sentence’.

6) Using the information from the description part of body paragraph 1, complete the diagram below

by filling in the boxes.

7) Look at the diagram above,

a) why are past simple tenses used in the first two time points? because time markers are in

the past – 1940 and 2010

b) why is the present perfect simple used in 2016? sentence idea links past to now

8) How is the present perfect formed (complete the gaps)?

have / ____has___________ + increased (past participle)

9) What time word is used with the year 2010 in the sentence with the present perfect simple tense?

Since

1940 2010 2030 2016 Year

Percentage 8% 20% 22% 25%

Verb

past simple

past simple

future simple

stood at

Verb tense

fluctuated has

increased will rise

Body 1





26


10) Complete the gaps in other ways to write a future form for this graph.

In 2030, it will rise to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

In 2030, it is expected ___to__ rise to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.

or

In 2030, it is predicted to __rise_ to 25%, which is the highest figure for Qatar.


using the information from the description part of body paragraph 2, complete the diagram below.

1940 2030 2016 Year

Percentage 5% 12% 30%

Verb

past simple

future simple

began

Verb tense

has been will rise

Body 2




27



find the sentence with a present perfect simple verb and use the information from that sentence to

complete the diagram below.

2000 2016 Year

Percentage 25%

Verb

Verb tense

has gone

Body 3

Similar to in Qatar and Bahrain, in Iran, the percentage in 1940 was not as high as it will

be in 2030. It started at around 3% in 1940, before declining slightly to about 1% in 1950.

Following this, there was no change to 1970. Next, the figure climbed gradually to

approximately 7% in 2000. Since 2000, it has gone up to 25%. In 2030, it will increase to

40%.

28

Task 1 Temporal Graph

Model Answer

The line graph shows the percentage of people older than 64 years in three countries, which

are Qatar, Bahrain and Iran, from 1940 to 2030. As an overall trend, the percentage of people 65

and older in all three countries will be higher in 2030 than in 1940.








Similar to in Qatar and Bahrain, in Iran, the percentage in 1940 was not as high as it will be in

2030. It started at around 3% in 1940, before declining slightly to about 1% in 1950. Following this,

there was no change to 1970. Next, the figure climbed gradually to approximately 7% in 2000. Since

2000, it has gone up to 25%. In 2030, it will increase to 40%.

0

10

20

30

40

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030


Qatar Bahrain Iran

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