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Levels of Organization from smallest to largest
• From simplest to most complex:– Subatomic particles
– Atom– Molecule
– Macromolecule– Organelles
– Cell– Tissue– Organs
– Organ system– Organism– Population– Community– Ecosystem
– Biomes– Biosphere
• Subatomic particles– electrons outside nucleus;
negative charge; small mass
– protons in nucleus positive charge
– neutrons in nucleus no charge involved in
• Energy transformations,• Radioactivity, subatomic reactions and
particle formation
ATOMS• Smallest part of matter
• NON-living
•The basic buildingblocks of all matter,living and non-living
•EX: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen…
Molecules
• 2 or more bonded atoms
• Form compounds
• EX: H2O, CH4 , Acids, Salts, Alcohols, Amino Acids
• NON-living
Macromolecule
• Large network of molecules
• Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
• NON-living
Organelles• “Tiny organs” made of macromolecules
• Organelles: specific function “parts of cell” - transfer of materials across membranes, photosynthesis, oxidation
• EX: nucleus, ribosome, lysosome
Cell• Made of organelles
• Cell: smallest functional unit of life
• EX: neurons(brain cells), lung cells, cardiac cells (heart cells)
• LIVING
Tissue
• Cells of one type working together
• Specialization in performance of one function for the benefit of entire organism
Organs
• Multiple types of tissues that work together
• Ex – Brain, lungs, heart
• Living
Organ System• Multiple organs
with common theme EX: nervous system (brain, spinal cord and nerves)
Organism• Entire living things (organisms)
• Usually made of systems
• May be a single cell
• Living
Population• Same type of organism living together
• All the members of one species in a specific area
• EX: “pack of wolves”
Community
•All the organisms within a specific area: many species
• Population interact
Ecosystem• A biotic (living) community plus the abiotic (nonliving) features
Biotic: livingAbiotic: nonliving
Biome
• General areas with uniform plant life due to levels of precipitation and temperatures.
Biosphere • Whole living layer around the globe
• Includes abiotic features
http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch8en/conc8en/envisys.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28ueTHq_fLw
Review questions• What level of organization would a puddle in your
driveway be?• What level is the tundra?• What level is a colony of ants?• What level is a protein?• What level is a finger?• What level is oxygen gas?• What two parts of an atom are in the nucleus?
Review questions• What level of organization would a puddle in your
driveway be? Ecosystem• What level is the tundra? Biome• What level is a colony of ants? Population• What level is a protein? Macromolecule• What level is a finger? Organ System• What level is oxygen gas? Atoms• What two parts of an atom are in the nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
Question 1
• Which of the following is defined as “the living part of an ecosystem?”
A. biosphere.
B. community.
C. organism.
D. population.
E. ecosystem.
Question 2
• Which of the following is defined as “group of individuals of a particular type that live in the same area and actively interbreed with one another?”
A. ecosystem.
B. community.
C. population.
D. organism.
Answers
Question 1: B. community.
Question 2: C. population.