Asaad M. Armanuos Ph.D. Student, Environmental Engineering Dept, E-JUST Abdelazim Negm Chair of Environmental Engineering Dept. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, E-JUST Life Cycle Assessment of Diesel Fuel and Solar Pumps in Operation Stage for Rice Cultivation in Tanta, Nile Delta, Egypt Abdel Hamid M.H. El Tahan Lecturer at Construction and Building Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering and Technology- Cairo Branch, (AASTMT) Cairo, Egypt 9th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, INTER-ENG 2015, 8-9 October 2015, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
Transcript
Asaad M. Armanuos Ph.D. Student, Environmental Engineering Dept, E-JUST
Abdelazim NegmChair of Environmental Engineering Dept. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Egypt-
Japan University of Science and Technology, E-JUST
Life Cycle Assessment of Diesel Fuel and Solar Pumps in Operation Stage for Rice Cultivation in Tanta, Nile Delta, Egypt
Abdel Hamid M.H. El TahanLecturer at Construction and Building Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering and Technology- Cairo Branch,
(AASTMT) Cairo, Egypt
9th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, INTER-ENG 2015, 8-9 October 2015, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
• Introduction
LCA method was used in a wide range of applications to assess the environmental impacts of product or process and product.
Especially in the irrigation and drainage system; for different groundwater pumping systems.
Midpoint categories, Joliet 2002
• Introduction
The main objective of this study is using LCA to assess the environmental impacts of groundwater pumping systems diesel fuel and solar power for irrigation of one Acre of rice by using SimaPro v 8.0.4.30.
Layout of PV pumping system, Praddeleixi (2014)
Diesel fuel pump, rondapump.en.alibaba.com
• Study area and data availability
Tanta, El-Gharbia governorate, central Nile Delta, Egypt, a semi-arid climate zone.
Nile Delta
Tanta
Study Area
Rice planting season in Tanta starts from mid-May to mid-November, almost 4-6 months.
The temperature in Tanta ranges from 21oC in November to 30oC in May .
It is about 6.0 acre.
• MethodologyThe methodology used to achieve the objectives of the present study consists of five main steps:
1. Estimation of Crop water requirements
2. Estimation of Crop evapotranspiration
3. Estimation of Leaching requirements
4. Estimation of power requirement
5. Using SimaPro to estimate the environmental impacts of each pump.
• Methodology1. Crop water requirements calculation IRn
2. Estimation of Crop evapotranspiration ETo
IRn= ETc - (Pe + Ge + Wb) + LRmm
ETo = p(0.46Tmean + 8) where
ETc= Crop evapotranspiration (mm), Pe= Effective dependable rainfall (mm), Ge = Groundwater contribution from water table (mm), Wb = Water stored in the soil at the beginning of each period (mm) and LRmm = Leaching requirement (mm).
Tmean = mean daily temperature (° C) and p = mean daily percentage of annual daytime hours. ETc= kc×EToWhere ETC is the crop evapotranspiration (mm/day)
3. Estimation of Leaching requirements
4. Estimation of Power requirements
• Methodology
ECw = Electrical conductivity of irrigation water (dS/m), ECe = Electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract for a given crop appropriate to the tolerable degree of yield reduction (dS/m) and Le = Leaching efficiency (in decimals).
Ρ=density of water (1000 kg/m3), G=gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/sec2), H=total hydraulic head=30 (m) and Q=volume of water required per unit time (m3/day).
5. SimaPro application
SimaPro software version 8.0.4.30 was used to assess the environmental impacts of two pumping systems diesel fuel and solar Pump for the cultivation of one acre of rice and total dynamic head 30 m. Inputs Diesel Fuel Pump Solar PumpArea of rice cultivation (Acre) 1.0 1.0Diesel fuel consumption (Kg/day) 1.0393 -----Oil consumption (Kg/day) 15.26 ----Number of aluminum panel ----- 20.0
Weight of aluminum (Kg/day) ----- 0.18Life time of pump solar pannel (year)
----- 15.0
Distance to the site (km) 6.0 6.0Type of vehicle transport 3.5-5.5 ton lorry 3.5-5.5 ton lorry
Dynamic hydraulic head (m) 30.0 30.0
• Methodology
• Results and Discussion1. Crop water requirements results
Table: Reference evapotranspiration, crop evapotranspiration, leaching fraction and irrigation water requirements.
According to IMPACT 2002+, Fig. 2 presents the LCA results for the diesel fuel and solar pumping systems in the baseline situation.
Midpoint LCA results for the irrigation one Acre of rice using various pumping systems sets, powered either with diesel or with the solar energy, IMPACT 2002+
Comparison of LCA results/environmental impacts of water pumping systems
• Results and Discussion2. LCA ResultsContribution of the different pumping system components to environmental impacts
Endpoint LCA results for the water pumping for irrigation one Acre of rice for the baseline situation
(Tanta, Egypt, depth 30 m)
Contribution analyses to endpoint impact categories of the pumping system
• Results and Discussion3. Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity of Head variation
Contribution analyses to endpoint impact categories of the pumping system different scenarios
H=30m
H=10m
H=40m
H=20m
+ mpt
+ H
• Results and Discussion3. Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity of Area planting variation
In order to visualize the effect of variations of the area of rice cultivation, the problem run by SimaPro for different values of area equal 1, 2, 3 and 4 acre.
Contribution analyses to endpoint impact categories of the pumping
system at different scenarios
H=30m, Area=2 Acre
H=30m, Area=4 Acre
H=30m, Area=3 Acre
+ mpt
+ Area
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•Conclusions
1. LCA is performed by using SimaPro version 8.0.4.30 to assess the potential environmental impacts of diesel fuel and solar pumping systems.
2. The environmental impacts of pumping water using diesel pump and solar pump systems were reconducted for different hydraulic head and area of rice cultivation scenarios.
3. The diesel-powered pumping systems are more harmful to the environment than solar power pumps.
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•Conclusions
3. The contribution to midpoint environmental impacts of the diesel fuel pump impacts reach 70 % for natural resources, 18 % for human health, 10% for climate change and 2% for ecosystem quality.
4. On the other hand, solar pumping system contributes to 3 % to climate change, 2% to human health and natural resources impacts, and 0.5 % to ecosystem quality.
5. The sensitivity of hydraulic head and area of rice cultivation indicated that climate change impact is the most common category impact for solar pump, and the using of the solar pump system is more friendlily than diesel fuel pump.
