Life During Wartime
Section 11-3 pp. 351-356
Preview Questions
• What discrimination did African Americans face?
• How did the war affect the Northern and Southern economies?
• What conditions did soldiers face?
African Americans
• Many African Americans enlist in the Union army after the Emancipation Proclamation is issued. – Ex: 5th Massachusetts Regiment
• Discrimination in the Union Army – Served in segregated units – Fought with inadequate or no supplies – Paid less than whites or not at all
African Americans
• African Americans in the South – Slaves fought for Confederacy at end of war – Slaves protested by destroying property or
refusing to work – Some slaves ran away
War Affects Regional Economies• Southern Economy
Suffers: – Decline in slave
labor– Union blockade
led to smuggling– Scarcity of food
led to riots– Inflation cause
high prices
War Affects Regional Economies
• Northern Economy Prospers:– Demand for war goods led to manufacturing
boom– Wages did not increase, but prices did strikes– First national income tax used to pay for war
Soldiers Suffer on Both Sides• Lives on the Battlefield
– Poor sanitation and hygiene
– Poor rations (food supplies)
• Civil War Medicine – High death rates from
infection – Many amputations – Clara Barton founds
American Red Cross
Soldiers Suffer on Both Sides
• Prisons– Andersonville
(Confederate Prison) • Overcrowded • Exposed to outdoor
elements • Lack of food • Poor sanitation
– Northern prisons were not much better