Life in the 13 Colonies

Life in the 13 Colonies

1620-17631620-1763

Section TwoSection Two

The Middle Colonies

The Middle Colonies

I. Breadbasket ColoniesI. Breadbasket ColoniesA. AdvantagesA. Advantages

1.1. rich soil, mild climate, long growing rich soil, mild climate, long growing seasonseason

2.2. long deep rivers – easy transportation to long deep rivers – easy transportation to seasea

B.B. Crops for SaleCrops for Sale1.1. produced more meat and grains than produced more meat and grains than

neededneeded2.2. cash crops – crops grown to be soldcash crops – crops grown to be sold

a.a. exported to other colonies, Europe, exported to other colonies, Europe, and West Indiesand West Indies

b.b. also exported beef and porkalso exported beef and pork3.3. known as “breadbasket colonies” for known as “breadbasket colonies” for

producing so much grainproducing so much grain

C. Taking Farm Goods to MarketC. Taking Farm Goods to Market1.1. shipped grain from Philadelphia and shipped grain from Philadelphia and

New York CityNew York City

2.2. used the Delaware, Hudson, and used the Delaware, Hudson, and Susquehanna Rivers for transportSusquehanna Rivers for transport

3.3. West Pennsylvania Dutch developed West Pennsylvania Dutch developed Conestoga wagon. WHY?Conestoga wagon. WHY?

4.4. Similar to wagons used to travel westSimilar to wagons used to travel west

“ “In the months of September and In the months of September and October, it is no uncommon thing, on October, it is no uncommon thing, on the Lancaster and Reading roads, to the Lancaster and Reading roads, to meet in one day from fifty to one meet in one day from fifty to one hundred of these wagons….”hundred of these wagons….”

20 ft.

DD. New York Farms. New York Farms1.1. run by Dutch patroon systemrun by Dutch patroon system2.2. 5 wealthy families5 wealthy families3.3. Van Rensselaer family manor – Van Rensselaer family manor –

nearly 2 million acresnearly 2 million acres4.4. tenants paid rent to patroontenants paid rent to patroon5.5. attempts to rebel failedattempts to rebel failed

II. Business, Trade, and CitiesII. Business, Trade, and CitiesA. Other businessesA. Other businesses

1.1. Millers ground grainMillers ground grain2.2. people worked on or built shipspeople worked on or built ships3.3. merchantsmerchants4.4. spun thread, wove linen, knit wool at spun thread, wove linen, knit wool at

homehome5.5. ironmakers, tailors, glassblowers, ironmakers, tailors, glassblowers,

silversmithssilversmiths6.6. small shops selling hats, books, and tea small shops selling hats, books, and tea

from Englandfrom England7.7. general storesgeneral stores8.8. sawmillssawmills9.9. brickmakers – bricks for houses and brickmakers – bricks for houses and

roadsroads

B. Cities Grow QuicklyB. Cities Grow Quickly1.1. mid-1700s Philadelphia and New mid-1700s Philadelphia and New

York largest citiesYork largest cities2.2. PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia

a.a. 23,000 people in 176023,000 people in 1760b.b. bigger than most cities in Great bigger than most cities in Great

BritainBritain3.3. Baltimore major port cityBaltimore major port city4.4. Many cultures = many languages Many cultures = many languages

and building stylesand building styles5.5. Dutch HouseDutch House

III. A Different Kind of CommunityIII. A Different Kind of CommunityA. Middle Colonies settled by:A. Middle Colonies settled by:

1.1. original Dutch and Swedishoriginal Dutch and Swedish2.2. GermansGermans3.3. FrenchFrench4.4. British Isles (Scotch-Irish, Welsh, British Isles (Scotch-Irish, Welsh,

Scottish)Scottish)

B.B. Many ReligionsMany Religions1.1. no dominant religionno dominant religion2.2. mostly Protestantmostly Protestant3.3. Amish and MennonitesAmish and Mennonites4.4. QuakersQuakers

C. Country Customs and FunC. Country Customs and Fun1.1. immigrants worked togetherimmigrants worked together

a.a. clear landclear landb.b. barn raisingbarn raisingc.c. sheepshearing, cornhusking, sheepshearing, cornhusking,

butcheringbutchering2.2. FunFun

a.a. footraces and jumping contestsfootraces and jumping contestsb.b. women spun together or made quiltswomen spun together or made quilts

IV. Education and TrainingIV. Education and TrainingA. No public schoolsA. No public schools

1. private tutors1. private tutors2. church or private schools2. church or private schools3. charity schools for poor3. charity schools for poor

B. ApprenticeshipsB. Apprenticeships1. 12 & 13 year olds1. 12 & 13 year olds2. work for several years with a 2. work for several years with a master master3. master required to provide food, 3. master required to provide food,

clothing, and board. clothing, and board.4. sometime provided religious 4. sometime provided religious instruction, reading, and writing instruction, reading, and writing

V. The FrontierV. The FrontierA. No public schoolsA. No public schools

1. private tutors1. private tutors2. church or private schools2. church or private schools3. charity schools for poor3. charity schools for poor

B. ApprenticeshipsB. Apprenticeships1. 12 & 13 year olds1. 12 & 13 year olds2. work for several years with a 2. work for several years with a master master3. master required to provide food, 3. master required to provide food,

clothing, and board. clothing, and board.4. sometime provided religious 4. sometime provided religious instruction, reading, and writing instruction, reading, and writing