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LIFELINES PERFORMANCELIFELINES PERFORMANCEJANUARY 12, 2010 JANUARY 12, 2010
7.0 Mw HAITI EARTHQUAKE7.0 Mw HAITI EARTHQUAKE
APWA 2011 CongressAPWA 2011 Congress
September 18, 2011September 18, 2011
Curt Edwards Curt Edwards -- PsomasPsomas
Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
�� OrganizationOrganization
�� StatisticsStatistics
�� Damage PhotosDamage Photos
�� Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
TCLEE TCLEE -- Earthquake Investigation Earthquake Investigation CommitteeCommittee
�� Study Performance of LifelinesStudy Performance of Lifelines–– Water SystemsWater Systems–– Wastewater SystemsWastewater Systems–– Electric Power Electric Power –– TelecommunicationsTelecommunications–– Gas/Liquid FuelsGas/Liquid Fuels–– TransportationTransportation–– HospitalsHospitals–– Emergency ResponseEmergency Response
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Haitian Earthquake StatisticsHaitian Earthquake Statistics
�� Date: January 12, 2010Date: January 12, 2010
�� Region: Western Hispaniola peninsulaRegion: Western Hispaniola peninsula
�� Magnitude: 7.0 Magnitude: 7.0
�� Depth: about 30 km (18.6 miles)Depth: about 30 km (18.6 miles)
�� Over 250,000 people killed, 1.5 M homelessOver 250,000 people killed, 1.5 M homeless
�� Over 350,000 building destroyedOver 350,000 building destroyed
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Haitian Earthquake StatisticsHaitian Earthquake Statistics
�� Tsunamis: Caused minor tsunamis Tsunamis: Caused minor tsunamis
�� Direct Fatalities from shaking : Approaching 250,000Direct Fatalities from shaking : Approaching 250,000
�� Indirect Losses: Infrastructure continuity, fire, disease, Indirect Losses: Infrastructure continuity, fire, disease, looting, foodlooting, food--waterwater--fuelfuel--medical shortagesmedical shortages
General Building DamageGeneral Building Damage
Poor concrete mix designs.No strength.
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Smooth rebar, poor detailing at jointsand poor concrete are a recipe for disaster
Presidential Palace - Before
Presidential Palace - After
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Debris Removal a MajorProblem
Many government buildings weredamaged or destroyed
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Concrete pole and power taken outby building
One side of the street did much better
Debris Cleanup
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Infill walls before the plaster
Landslide and debriscaused additional damage
Transportation SystemsTransportation Systems
Roads, BridgesRoads, Bridges
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Road damage caused by Lateral spreading
Road blockages by landslides,Collapsed buildings and trash
Bridge movement, but no failure
Bearing pad out, no gap between spans
Wide gap between spans
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Landslide destroyed road and Two houses
Crack already has trash in it!
Electrical / Telecommunications Electrical / Telecommunications SystemsSystems
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Telco building destroyed
Portable cell site
Damage to cellular headquarters
Buildings damaged distributionsystem
Transformer failed and Power plant closed
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Extensive movement at powerplant
Water/Wastewater SystemsWater/Wastewater Systems
Temporary water and sewagefacilities replaced inadequatesystems
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Trash and sewage in streets and channels
Port DamagePort Damage
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Pier shifted
½ of this pierfell into the sea
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Elephants foot failure
Sand boil
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Lateral spreading caused Extensive damage
Temporary cargo crane
Crane in water
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Fuel pier damage
Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
�� Fortunately the airport was not significantly damaged and Fortunately the airport was not significantly damaged and allowed for immediate transport of relief suppliesallowed for immediate transport of relief supplies
�� Good structural engineering practice and codes need to Good structural engineering practice and codes need to apply to all structures and facilitiesapply to all structures and facilities
�� Old, nonOld, non--conforming systems need to be replacedconforming systems need to be replaced�� The government must have emergency equipment and/or The government must have emergency equipment and/or
assign existing equipment to high priority recovery assign existing equipment to high priority recovery operationsoperations
�� Prompt housing and sanitation are necessary for even Prompt housing and sanitation are necessary for even partial recoverypartial recovery
Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
�� Governments need to plan for loss of government Governments need to plan for loss of government buildings and personnel and plan for emergencies in high buildings and personnel and plan for emergencies in high risk areasrisk areas
�� Governments need to enforce codes and prevent residents Governments need to enforce codes and prevent residents from using substandard construction materials and from using substandard construction materials and methods during reconstructionmethods during reconstruction
�� Heavy equipment needs to be prioritized for debris Heavy equipment needs to be prioritized for debris removal and not to projects in low impact areasremoval and not to projects in low impact areas
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What’s Available?What’s Available?�� ASCE Monographs on Turkey/Taiwan, Gujarat India, ASCE Monographs on Turkey/Taiwan, Gujarat India,
Nisqually, Nisqually, AticoAtico, Peru, El Salvador, and Algeria , Peru, El Salvador, and Algeria EarthquakesEarthquakes
�� Recent ASCE Monographs on the Sumatra Earthquake Recent ASCE Monographs on the Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami; the and Tsunami; the KashiwazakiKashiwazaki Japan Earthquake, the Japan Earthquake, the Wenchuan China Earthquake are now available. Haiti, Wenchuan China Earthquake are now available. Haiti, Chile and Tohuku Japan are coming soon.Chile and Tohuku Japan are coming soon.
�� Short Reports Available On WEBShort Reports Available On WEB–– www.asce.org or www.asce.org or
http://www.asce.org/instfound/techcomm_tclee.cfmhttp://www.asce.org/instfound/techcomm_tclee.cfm–– Curt Edwards, PsomasCurt Edwards, Psomas
619.961.2800, or E619.961.2800, or E--mail: [email protected] mail: [email protected]