Lifetime Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in the Framingham StudyMen WomenAt age 40 years:48.6%31.7%At age 70 years:34.9%24.2%
Lloyd-Jones et al. Lancet 1999; 353:89-92 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
First Coronary Events: Framingham Study Percent as Specified EventMyocardialAngina SuddenInfarctionPectoris DeathAgeMen Women Men Women Men Women35-64 43% 28% 41% 59% 9%4%65-84 55% 44% 28% 41% 11%7.4%
Framingham Study 44 year follow-up.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Estimated 10-Year CHD Risk in 55-Year-Old Adults According to Levels of Various Risk Factors Framingham Heart Study
A B C DBlood Pressure (mm Hg)120/80140/90140/90140/90Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)200 240 240 240HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) 50 50 40 40Diabetes No No Yes YesCigarettes No No No Yes
Chart15
55
138
2520
3727
Men
Women
Estimated 10-Year Rate (%)
Sheet1
CVDCVD2001 CVD total mortalityLCD BLACK M/F, 2001LCD AM. INDIAN M/F, 2001AgesMenWomenMenWomenNHES IIINHANES INHANES III
MalesFemales145,908141,80125-442.02.8A2.61.1Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican AmericansWhite Males163163155% of Men using PA to lose weight% of Men meeting PA guidelines% of Women using PA to lose weight% of Women meeting PA guidelinesNumber of TransplantsEST. COST OF CV DISEASES 2004
1979500469MALESFEMALESMALESFEMALES45-546.75.5B4.02.0Black Males171165166Whites66.522.863.520.1196823
80510490Coronary Heart Disease54502,18954CVD+cong.A33.5CVD+cong.A40.1D of H/St.A24.4D of H/St.A25.455-6413.18.4C5.43.5Awareness69.573.957.8White Females170166163Blacks70.122.662.816.9197010Heart Disease238.6
81500484Stroke18163,53818CancerB22.4CancerB20.8CancerB17.1CancerB19.165-7417.711.1D8.46.3Treatment60.163.040.3Black Females172174168Hispanics63.817.152.714.3197522Coronary Heart Disease133.2
82495484Congestive Heart Failure652,8286AccidentsC5.9DiabetesF5.1Acc.C14.0Acc.C8.275+18.616.1E14.819.1Control, Treated55.644.644.0Others68.423.063.520.6198057Stroke53.6
83498494High Blood Pressure546,7655Assault(Homicide)D4.6Nephritis, etc.G2.9C. Liver D.D4.8DiabetesE6.7F22.427.0Control, All Hypertensives33.428.117.7Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey1985719Hypertensive Disease55.5
84491493Diseases of the Arteries439,4044HIV(Aids)E3.7AccidentsC2.8DiabetesE4.3C. Lower res.D.F4.1Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease by Age and SexNHES III, NHANES I, NHANES III: 1966-70, 1971-74 and 1988-94Leisure-time Physical Activity (PA) Patterns Among Overweight Adults by Race/Ethnicity and Sex19902,107Congestive Heart Failure28.8
85491498Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease0.43,4890.4NHANES III: 1988-94Estimated 10 Year Stroke Risk in 55 Year Old AdultsBRFSS: 199819952,363Total CVD*368.4
86481498Congenital Cardiovascular Defects0.44,1090.4Leading Causes of Death for Black or African American Males and FemalesLeading Causes of Death for American Indian/Alaska Native Males and FemlaesAccording to Levels of Various Risk FactorsExtent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Race/Ethnicity20002,199
87475499Other13118,78613United States: 2001United States: 2001Framingham Heart StudyNHANES IV: 1999-200020022,154Estimated Direct and Indirect Costs (in Billions of Dollars) of Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke
88476504100.8931,108100.0United States: 2004
89456486Trend in Heart Transplants
90448478Percentage Breakdown of Deaths From Cardiovascular DiseasesUnitedStates: 1968-2002
91447479United States:2001
92444479
93457500
94452498
95455505
96453506
97450503
98446504
99446513
00439507Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican Americans
01432499YearMalesFemales12% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 daysMen5.47.68.1
70779597Whites76.644.218.2Women4.79.511.4
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Trends for Males and FemalesMales71851628Blacks26.724.116.4Non-Hispanic White MalesNon-Hispanic White FemalesNon-Hispanic Black MalesNon-Hispanic Black FemalesHispanic MalesHispanic FemalesMalesFemales
United States: 1979-2001Males72935693ABCDEFCHF PREVALENCEMexican Americans34.317.317.5Vigorous73.759.872.447.868.852.4Non-Hispanic Whites12.45.3Prevalence of Age-Adjusted (2000) Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
73982725Blood Pressure*95-105138-148138-148138-148138-148138-148MalesFemalesModerate29.824.723.716.525.918.5Non-Hispanic Blacks17.514.6NHANES III: 1988-94 NHANES III
741030756DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYes20-240.10.1Prevalence of Current Smoking for Men Ages 18-24 by Education and Race/EthnicityHispanics21.38.8
751043789Cigarette SmokingNoNoNoYesYesYes25-340.10.1NHANES III: 1988-94Prevalence of Students in Grades 9-12 Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorousu.s. 1979-00
Prevalence of CVD, U.S. 1988-94 NHANES III761087843Prior AFNoNoNoNoYesYes35-440.70.5or Moderate Physical Activity During the Past 7 Days by Race/Ethnicity and SexPercentage of Overweight Among Students in Grades 9-12 by Sex and Race/EthnicityCatheterizationsOpen-HeartBypassPTCAEndarterectomyPacemakers
771111852Prior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYes45-541.81.3United States: 2001United States: 200119792991721145442
AgeMalesFemales78111084455-646.23.4803501971375544
20-245.54.6791014724* - Closest ranges for women are : 95-104 and 115-124.65-746.86.6814162221597326
25-3410.44.280104973775+9.89.7824732401708231
35-4417.413.6811095765MenWomen835122601919525
45-5434.228.982116084120-349.80.0Prevalence of Congestive Heart Failure by Age and Sex8457627820210339
55-6451.048.183122985235-4417.116.0NHANES III: 1988-948569030823010740
65-7465.265.284104484045-5432.330.5867863702848332
75+70.779.085120584655-6444.153.0878794093321568189
86125088965-7459.970.38894445735321170120
Females87126890175+68.884.18999846836824370107
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in Americans Age 20 and Older by Age and SexFemales8812208309010465013922666897
NHANES III :1988-94MenWomen891174819Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in Americans Age 20 and Over by Age and Sex91105751840730367121
DR FOR WOMEN, CV AND CANCER 2001A55901151795United States: 1999-200092108459046836791113
LCD HISPANIC M/F, 2001B138911146806WhitesBlacksMexican Americans93107860648536989123
White FemalesBlack Females63,31747,082C252092124788612
Estimated 10-Year Stroke Risk in 55-Year-Old Adults According to Levels of Various Risk Factors Framingham Heart StudyABCDEFSystolic BP*95-105130-148130-148130-148130-148130-148DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYesCigarettesNoNoNoYesYesYesPrior Atrial Fib.NoNoNoNoYes YesPrior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYesSource: Stroke 1991;22:312-318.*BP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
Chart2
2.61.1
42
5.43.5
8.46.3
14.819.1
22.427
Men
Women
Estimated 10-Year Rate (%)
Sheet1
CVDCVD2001 CVD total mortalityLCD BLACK M/F, 2001LCD AM. INDIAN M/F, 2001AgesMenWomenMenWomenNHES IIINHANES INHANES III
MalesFemales145,908141,80125-442.02.8A2.61.1Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican AmericansWhite Males163163155% of Men using PA to lose weight% of Men meeting PA guidelines% of Women using PA to lose weight% of Women meeting PA guidelinesNumber of TransplantsEST. COST OF CV DISEASES 2004
1979500469MALESFEMALESMALESFEMALES45-546.75.5B4.02.0Black Males171165166Whites66.522.863.520.1196823
80510490Coronary Heart Disease54502,18954CVD+cong.A33.5CVD+cong.A40.1D of H/St.A24.4D of H/St.A25.455-6413.18.4C5.43.5Awareness69.573.957.8White Females170166163Blacks70.122.662.816.9197010Heart Disease238.6
81500484Stroke18163,53818CancerB22.4CancerB20.8CancerB17.1CancerB19.165-7417.711.1D8.46.3Treatment60.163.040.3Black Females172174168Hispanics63.817.152.714.3197522Coronary Heart Disease133.2
82495484Congestive Heart Failure652,8286AccidentsC5.9DiabetesF5.1Acc.C14.0Acc.C8.275+18.616.1E14.819.1Control, Treated55.644.644.0Others68.423.063.520.6198057Stroke53.6
83498494High Blood Pressure546,7655Assault(Homicide)D4.6Nephritis, etc.G2.9C. Liver D.D4.8DiabetesE6.7F22.427.0Control, All Hypertensives33.428.117.7Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey1985719Hypertensive Disease55.5
84491493Diseases of the Arteries439,4044HIV(Aids)E3.7AccidentsC2.8DiabetesE4.3C. Lower res.D.F4.1Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease by Age and SexNHES III, NHANES I, NHANES III: 1966-70, 1971-74 and 1988-94Leisure-time Physical Activity (PA) Patterns Among Overweight Adults by Race/Ethnicity and Sex19902,107Congestive Heart Failure28.8
85491498Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease0.43,4890.4NHANES III: 1988-94Estimated 10 Year Stroke Risk in 55 Year Old AdultsBRFSS: 199819952,363Total CVD*368.4
86481498Congenital Cardiovascular Defects0.44,1090.4Leading Causes of Death for Black or African American Males and FemalesLeading Causes of Death for American Indian/Alaska Native Males and FemlaesAccording to Levels of Various Risk FactorsExtent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Race/Ethnicity20002,199
87475499Other13118,78613United States: 2001United States: 2001Framingham Heart StudyNHANES IV: 1999-200020022,154Estimated Direct and Indirect Costs (in Billions of Dollars) of Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke
88476504100.8931,108100.0United States: 2004
89456486Trend in Heart Transplants
90448478Percentage Breakdown of Deaths From Cardiovascular DiseasesUnitedStates: 1968-2002
91447479United States:2001
92444479
93457500
94452498
95455505
96453506
97450503
98446504
99446513
00439507Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican Americans
01432499YearMalesFemales12% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 daysMen5.47.68.1
70779597Whites76.644.218.2Women4.79.511.4
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Trends for Males and FemalesMales71851628Blacks26.724.116.4Non-Hispanic White MalesNon-Hispanic White FemalesNon-Hispanic Black MalesNon-Hispanic Black FemalesHispanic MalesHispanic FemalesMalesFemales
United States: 1979-2001Males72935693ABCDEFCHF PREVALENCEMexican Americans34.317.317.5Vigorous73.759.872.447.868.852.4Non-Hispanic Whites12.45.3Prevalence of Age-Adjusted (2000) Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
73982725Blood Pressure*95-105138-148138-148138-148138-148138-148MalesFemalesModerate29.824.723.716.525.918.5Non-Hispanic Blacks17.514.6NHANES III: 1988-94 NHANES III
741030756DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYes20-240.10.1Prevalence of Current Smoking for Men Ages 18-24 by Education and Race/EthnicityHispanics21.38.8
751043789Cigarette SmokingNoNoNoYesYesYes25-340.10.1NHANES III: 1988-94Prevalence of Students in Grades 9-12 Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorousu.s. 1979-00
Prevalence of CVD, U.S. 1988-94 NHANES III761087843Prior AFNoNoNoNoYesYes35-440.70.5or Moderate Physical Activity During the Past 7 Days by Race/Ethnicity and SexPercentage of Overweight Among Students in Grades 9-12 by Sex and Race/EthnicityCatheterizationsOpen-HeartBypassPTCAEndarterectomyPacemakers
771111852Prior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYes45-541.81.3United States: 2001United States: 200119792991721145442
AgeMalesFemales78111084455-646.23.4803501971375544
20-245.54.6791014724* - Closest ranges for women are : 95-104 and 115-124.65-746.86.6814162221597326
25-3410.44.280104973775+9.89.7824732401708231
35-4417.413.6811095765MenWomen835122601919525
45-5434.228.982116084120-349.80.0Prevalence of Congestive Heart Failure by Age and Sex8457627820210339
55-6451.048.183122985235-4417.116.0NHANES III: 1988-948569030823010740
65-7465.265.284104484045-5432.330.5867863702848332
75+70.779.085120584655-6444.153.0878794093321568189
86125088965-7459.970.38894445735321170120
Females87126890175+68.884.18999846836824370107
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in Americans Age 20 and Older by Age and SexFemales8812208309010465013922666897
NHANES III :1988-94MenWomen891174819Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in Americans Age 20 and Over by Age and Sex91105751840730367121
DR FOR WOMEN, CV AND CANCER 2001A55901151795United States: 1999-200092108459046836791113
LCD HISPANIC M/F, 2001B138911146806WhitesBlacksMexican Americans93107860648536989123
White FemalesBlack Females63,31747,082C252092124788612
ABCDEFSystolic BP*95-105130-148130-148130-148130-148130-148DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYesCigarettesNoNoNoYesYesYesPrior Atrial Fib.NoNoNoNoYes YesPrior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYesEstimated 10-year stroke risk in 55-year-old adults according to levels of various risk factors (FHS). Source: Wolf et al., Stroke.1991;22:312-318.*BP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
Chart2
2.61.1
42
5.43.5
8.46.3
14.819.1
22.427
Men
Women
Estimated 10-Year Rate (%)
Sheet1
CVDCVD2001 CVD total mortalityLCD BLACK M/F, 2001LCD AM. INDIAN M/F, 2001AgesMenWomenMenWomenNHES IIINHANES INHANES III
MalesFemales145,908141,80125-442.02.8A2.61.1Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican AmericansWhite Males163163155% of Men using PA to lose weight% of Men meeting PA guidelines% of Women using PA to lose weight% of Women meeting PA guidelinesNumber of TransplantsEST. COST OF CV DISEASES 2004
1979500469MALESFEMALESMALESFEMALES45-546.75.5B4.02.0Black Males171165166Whites66.522.863.520.1196823
80510490Coronary Heart Disease54502,18954CVD+cong.A33.5CVD+cong.A40.1D of H/St.A24.4D of H/St.A25.455-6413.18.4C5.43.5Awareness69.573.957.8White Females170166163Blacks70.122.662.816.9197010Heart Disease238.6
81500484Stroke18163,53818CancerB22.4CancerB20.8CancerB17.1CancerB19.165-7417.711.1D8.46.3Treatment60.163.040.3Black Females172174168Hispanics63.817.152.714.3197522Coronary Heart Disease133.2
82495484Congestive Heart Failure652,8286AccidentsC5.9DiabetesF5.1Acc.C14.0Acc.C8.275+18.616.1E14.819.1Control, Treated55.644.644.0Others68.423.063.520.6198057Stroke53.6
83498494High Blood Pressure546,7655Assault(Homicide)D4.6Nephritis, etc.G2.9C. Liver D.D4.8DiabetesE6.7F22.427.0Control, All Hypertensives33.428.117.7Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey1985719Hypertensive Disease55.5
84491493Diseases of the Arteries439,4044HIV(Aids)E3.7AccidentsC2.8DiabetesE4.3C. Lower res.D.F4.1Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease by Age and SexNHES III, NHANES I, NHANES III: 1966-70, 1971-74 and 1988-94Leisure-time Physical Activity (PA) Patterns Among Overweight Adults by Race/Ethnicity and Sex19902,107Congestive Heart Failure28.8
85491498Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease0.43,4890.4NHANES III: 1988-94Estimated 10 Year Stroke Risk in 55 Year Old AdultsBRFSS: 199819952,363Total CVD*368.4
86481498Congenital Cardiovascular Defects0.44,1090.4Leading Causes of Death for Black or African American Males and FemalesLeading Causes of Death for American Indian/Alaska Native Males and FemlaesAccording to Levels of Various Risk FactorsExtent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Race/Ethnicity20002,199
87475499Other13118,78613United States: 2001United States: 2001Framingham Heart StudyNHANES IV: 1999-200020022,154Estimated Direct and Indirect Costs (in Billions of Dollars) of Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke
88476504100.8931,108100.0United States: 2004
89456486Trend in Heart Transplants
90448478Percentage Breakdown of Deaths From Cardiovascular DiseasesUnitedStates: 1968-2002
91447479United States:2001
92444479
93457500
94452498
95455505
96453506
97450503
98446504
99446513
00439507Non-Hispanic WhitesNon-Hispanic BlacksMexican Americans
01432499YearMalesFemales12% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 daysMen5.47.68.1
70779597Whites76.644.218.2Women4.79.511.4
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Trends for Males and FemalesMales71851628Blacks26.724.116.4Non-Hispanic White MalesNon-Hispanic White FemalesNon-Hispanic Black MalesNon-Hispanic Black FemalesHispanic MalesHispanic FemalesMalesFemales
United States: 1979-2001Males72935693ABCDEFCHF PREVALENCEMexican Americans34.317.317.5Vigorous73.759.872.447.868.852.4Non-Hispanic Whites12.45.3Prevalence of Age-Adjusted (2000) Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
73982725Blood Pressure*95-105138-148138-148138-148138-148138-148MalesFemalesModerate29.824.723.716.525.918.5Non-Hispanic Blacks17.514.6NHANES III: 1988-94 NHANES III
741030756DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYes20-240.10.1Prevalence of Current Smoking for Men Ages 18-24 by Education and Race/EthnicityHispanics21.38.8
751043789Cigarette SmokingNoNoNoYesYesYes25-340.10.1NHANES III: 1988-94Prevalence of Students in Grades 9-12 Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorousu.s. 1979-00
Prevalence of CVD, U.S. 1988-94 NHANES III761087843Prior AFNoNoNoNoYesYes35-440.70.5or Moderate Physical Activity During the Past 7 Days by Race/Ethnicity and SexPercentage of Overweight Among Students in Grades 9-12 by Sex and Race/EthnicityCatheterizationsOpen-HeartBypassPTCAEndarterectomyPacemakers
771111852Prior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYes45-541.81.3United States: 2001United States: 200119792991721145442
AgeMalesFemales78111084455-646.23.4803501971375544
20-245.54.6791014724* - Closest ranges for women are : 95-104 and 115-124.65-746.86.6814162221597326
25-3410.44.280104973775+9.89.7824732401708231
35-4417.413.6811095765MenWomen835122601919525
45-5434.228.982116084120-349.80.0Prevalence of Congestive Heart Failure by Age and Sex8457627820210339
55-6451.048.183122985235-4417.116.0NHANES III: 1988-948569030823010740
65-7465.265.284104484045-5432.330.5867863702848332
75+70.779.085120584655-6444.153.0878794093321568189
86125088965-7459.970.38894445735321170120
Females87126890175+68.884.18999846836824370107
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in Americans Age 20 and Older by Age and SexFemales8812208309010465013922666897
NHANES III :1988-94MenWomen891174819Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in Americans Age 20 and Over by Age and Sex91105751840730367121
DR FOR WOMEN, CV AND CANCER 2001A55901151795United States: 1999-200092108459046836791113
LCD HISPANIC M/F, 2001B138911146806WhitesBlacksMexican Americans93107860648536989123
White FemalesBlack Females63,31747,082C252092124788612
Multivariable RiskRisk imposed by a strong family history of heart attacks varies widely depending on the burden of modifiable risk factors
9Doubts about cholesterol as late as 1989
Risk of Coronary Heart Diseaseby Serum Cholesterol30-Year Follow-up, The Framingham Study*Trends Significant at P.001. +P.07. Age-Adjusted Annual Rate per 1000
Correlation Between Serum Cholesterol and CVD MortalityQ = serum cholesterol quintile. Kannel WB et al. Am Heart J. 1986;112:825-836.Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) N=325,3466-Year CVD Death Rate Per 1000051015202530Q1(244)35-39 years40-44 years45-49 years50-54 years55-57 years Serum Cholesterol Quintile (mg/dL)Untreated Patients
Lifetime Risk of CHD Increases with Serum CholesterolFramingham Study: Subjects age 40 yearsDM Lloyd-Jones et al Arch Intern Med 2003; 1966-1972344457192933Cholesterol__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Age-adjusted prevalence of Adults age 20 and older with LDL cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or higher, by race/ethnicity and sex (NHANES: 2003-2004). Source: NCHS and NHLBI. NH non-Hispanic.
Chart6
3232
3234
3230
3931
Men
Women
Percent of Population
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men6.710.711.0
Women5.613.210.9
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2004
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
OLD
Winkleby et al.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
`
NCHS and NHLBI.
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Less than high school
High school
More than high school
Percent of Population
Metsyndr.
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
Metsyndr.
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
PhysicAct.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
Men
Women
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
NHANESrf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
oweight hs
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
oweight hs
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
RFNHANES
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
Trends in mean total serum cholesterol among adults age 20 and older, by race/ethnicity, sex and survey (NHANES : 1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04). Source: NCHS and NHLBI. NH non-Hispanic.
Chart1
206204202
204199197
205202201
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Serum Total Cholesterol
Sheet1
HF PREVALENCECHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
MenWomenNo MetS or DM2.65.314.4
20-390.30.2MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
40-592.01.5MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
60-797.25.2DM only6.311.526.1
80+11.612.4Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Chart 7A: Prevalence of heart failure by sex and ageChart 10A: Total mortality rates in U.S. adults, ages 3075, with metabolic syndrome (MetS), with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-existing CVD
NHANES: 199904NHANES II 197680 Follow-Up Study*
Source : NCHS and NHLBI.Source: Malik et al.(10) *Average of 13 years of follow-up.
Chart 7B: Hospital discharges for heart failure by sex
United States: 19702004
Note: Hospital discharges include those inpatients discharged alive, dead or status unknown. Source: NHDS, NCHS and personal communication with NHLBI.
Hospital Discharges for HF
CHF Discharges
-----------In thousands------
MalesFemales
708074
7986
98102
107111
121113
75122131
123143
143152
157173
174203
80176224
182240
195243
208255
228303
85247310
274308
269336
277357
304339
90315386
360405
373449
394481
390484
95378494
377493
431526
438540
430532
00418581
444551
441529
471566
04524575
Chart 7C. Incidence of heart failure* by age and sex
FHS 19802003
* - HF based on physician review of medical records and strict diagnostic criteria.
Source: NHLBI.(10)
7010
7522
8057
85719
902,107
952,363
002,199
052,125
Chart 13A: Trends in heart transplants
UNOS: 19702005
Source: United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), scientific registry data.
est. cv oper. & proc
u.s. 1979-03 (000)
CatheterizationsOpen-HeartBypassPTCACarotid EndarterectomyPacemakers
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics792991721145442
Males24.914.024.8803501971375544
Females27.011.919.28569030823010740
9010465013922666897
Chart 9A: Prevalence of high school students in grades 912 reporting current cigarette use951137722573419132136
by sex and race/ethnicity001318686519561124152
YRBS: 2005011314690516571128177
021463709515657134199
04129764642766498170
Chart 13B: Trends in cardiovascular inpatient operations and procedures
United States: 19792004
Source: MMWR.4 NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MenWomen
NH White24.120.4
NH Black23.920.2
Hispanic18.915
Asian17.811.3Source: NHDS. NCHS and NHLBI. Note: In-hospital procedures only.
American Indian or Alaska Native37.333.4
Chart 9B: Prevalence of current smoking for Americans age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sexEST. COST OF CV DISEASES 2007
NHIS: 2004Coronary Heart Disease142.5
Stroke57.9
Hypertensive Disease63.5
Heart Failure29.6
Chart 14A: Estimated direct and indirect costs (in billions of dollars) of major cardiovascular diseases and stroke
United States: 2007
Source: MMWR.1 NH indicates non-Hispanic.
1988-941999-022003-04
NH White206204202
NH Black204199197
Mexican American205202201Source: NHLBI
Chart 9C: Trends in mean total serum cholesterol among adults by race, sex and survey
NHANES: 198894, 199902 and 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Note: Needs split scale.
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
Chart 9D: Trends in mean total serum cholesterol among adolescents ages 1217 by race, sex and survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Note: Needs split scale.
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Chart 9E: Age-adjusted prevalence of Americans age 20 and older with
LDL cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or higher by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Chart 9F: Age-adjusted prevalence of Americans age 20 and older with
HDL cholesterol under 40 mg/dL by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanic
Male46.938.239
Female30.221.326.5
Chart 9G: Prevalence of students in grades 912 who met currently recommended
levels of physical activity during the past 7 days by race/ethnicity and sex
YRBS: 2005
Note: Currently recommended levels is defined as activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more of the 7 days preceding the survey. Source: MMWR.1
Source:YRBS (4)
19942004
NH White Male26.418.4
NH Black Male34.227.0
Hispanic Male37.532.5
Asian/Pacific Islander Male25.020.4
Am. Indian/Alaska Native Male34.423.8
NH White Female28.321.6
NH Black Female45.733.9
Hispanic Female44.839.6
Asian/Pacific Islander Female31.524.0
Am. Indian/Alaska Native Female36.331.8
Chart 9H: Prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity among adults age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sex
BRFSS: 1994 and 2004
Source: MMWR.(11) NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MalesFemales
NH Whites15.28.2
NH Blacks15.916.1
Hispanics21.312.1
Chart 9i: Prevalence of overweight among students in grades 912 by sex and race/ethnicity
YRBS: 2005
Source: BMI 95th percentile or higher by age and sex of the CDC 2000 growth chart. MMWR.(2) NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MenWomen
65-749.24.7
75-8422.314.8
85-9443.030.7
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Chart 9J: Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity in Americans ages 2074 by sex and survey
NHES 196062; NHANES: 197174, 197680, 198894 and 200104
Note: Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30.0 or higher. Source: Health, United States, 2006; Unpublished data, NCHS.
6-1112-19
1971-744.33.6
1976-806.66.4
1988-9411.611.0
2001-200418.716.3
Chart 9K: Trends in the prevalence of overweight among U.S. children and adolescents by age and survey
NHANES: 197174, 197680; 198894 and 200104
Source: Health, United States, 2006. Unpublished data. NCHS.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men69.89.9
Women4.512.211
Chart 9L: Prevalence of physician-diagnosed diabetes in Americans age 20 and older by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 19992004
NCHS and NHLBI
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Chart 9M. Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Sheet1
10.712.212.820.630.2
15.716.817.12634
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
Sheet2
4.36.611.618.7
3.66.41116.3
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
Sheet3
185.303214.49
190.125240.37
194.834252.488
207.11257.35
221.391275.644
236.69317.084
258.645326.377
287.202327.978
281.616347.436
288.585374.508
312.253351.142
324.63397.288
369.68417.005
383.856455.757
403.565490.614
395.02491.788
383.917496.515
381.013496.109
436.463530.027
442.23547.189
433.785540.992
421.896585.791
446.166553.626
442.772530.311
495.774597.144
524575
Male
Female
Years
Discharges in Thousands
299172114795442
350197137805544
6903082308510740
10465013922666897
1137722573419132136
1318686519561124152
129764642766498170
Catheterizations
Open-Heart
Bypass
PCI
Carotid Endarterectomy
Pacemakers
Years
Procedures in Thousands
24.927
1411.9
24.819.2
Males
Females
Percent of Population
24.123.918.917.837.3
20.420.21511.333.4
NH White
NH Black
Hispanic
Asian
American Indian or Alaska Native
Percent of Population
46.938.239
30.221.326.5
NH White
NH Black
Hispanic
Sex and Race/Ethnicity
Percent of Population
151.6
62.7
66.4
33.2
Billions of Dollars
0.30.2
21.5
7.25.2
11.612.4
Men
Women
Percent of Population
206204202
204199197
205202201
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Serum Total Cholesterol
2.64.34.86.310.917
5.37.88.611.516.728.1
14.417.121.126.13044.1
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
MBD000CD551.xls
Chart3
163163155156
171165166161
170166163164
172174168161
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men69.89.9
Women4.512.211
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2002
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
DELETE
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
smokhschool
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
Metsyndr.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
Metsyndr.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
smokmf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
NHANESrf
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
oweight hs
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
Trends in mean total blood cholesterol among adolescents ages 12-17 by race, sex, and survey (NHES: 1966-70; NHANES: 1971-74 and 1988-94). Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Chart3
163163155156
171165166161
170166163164
172174168161
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men69.89.9
Women4.512.211
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2002
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
DELETE
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
smokhschool
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
Metsyndr.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
Metsyndr.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
smokmf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
NHANESrf
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
oweight hs
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
CK Friedberg on Hypertension: Diseases of the Heart 1996 There is a lack of correlation in most cases between the severity and duration of hypertension and development of cardiac complications._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Prevalence of high blood pressure in Adults by age and sex (NHANES: 1999-2004). Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Chart1
11.26.4
23.218.3
37.537.4
49.155.4
63.673.9
69.583.8
Men
Women
Percent of Population
HYPPRSEX
MenWomen
20-3411.26.4
35-4423.218.3
45-5437.537.4
55-6449.155.4
65-7463.673.9
75+69.583.8
Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in Americans Age 18 and Over by Age and Sex
NHANES: 1999-2004
&A
Page &P
HYPPRSEX
Men
Women
Percent of Population
Extent of awareness, treatment and control of high blood pressure by age (NHANES : 1999-2004.) Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Chart1
52.374.675.3
35.862.568.4
24.639.834.3
20-39
40-59
60+
Percent of Population
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men6.710.711.0
Women5.613.210.9
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2004
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
OLD
Winkleby et al.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
`
NCHS and NHLBI.
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Less than high school
High school
More than high school
Percent of Population
Metsyndr.
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
Metsyndr.
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
PhysicAct.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
Men
Women
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
NHANESrf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
oweight hs
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
oweight hs
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
RFNHANES
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
Age-adjusted prevalence trends for high blood pressure in Adults age 20 and older by race/ethnicity, sex and survey (NHANES: 1988-94 and 1999-2004). Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Chart1
25.628.5
22.928
37.539
38.241.4
26.926.2
2527
1988-94
1999-04
Percent of Population
Sheet1 (2)
1988-941999-022003-041988-941999-04
NH White-Only Men25.627.531.0NH White-Only Men25.628.5
NH White- Only Women22.928.428.4NH White- Only Women22.928.0
NH Black or AA Men37.540.440.3NH Black or AA Men37.539.0
NH Black or AA Women38.243.441.6NH Black or AA Women38.241.4
Mexican Men26.926.727.3Mexican Men26.926.2
Mexican Women25.027.829.9Mexican Women25.027.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence Trends for High Blood Pressure in Americans,Age-Adjusted Prevalence Trends for High Blood Pressure in Americans,
Ages 20 and Over by Race/Ethnicity, Sex and SurveyAges 20 and Over by Race/Ethnicity, Sex and Survey
NHANES:1988-94, 1999-2002 and 2003-2004NHANES:1988-94 and 1999-2004
Elevated BP or taking antihypertensive medication.
Sheet1 (2)
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Percent of Population
Sheet1
1988-94
1999-04
Percent of Population
1976-801988-941999-00
Non-Hispanic White Men45.025.628.9
Non-Hispanic White Women33.719.724.7
Non-Hispanic Black Men50.736.538.0
Non-Hispanic Black Women51.136.441.0
Mexican Men25.625.930.6
Mexican Women22.522.325.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence Trends for High Blood Pressure in Americans, Ages 2074 by Race/Ethnicity, Sex and Survey
NHANES: 197680, 1988-94 and 1999-2000
4525.628.9
33.719.724.7
50.736.538
51.136.441
25.625.930.6
22.522.325
1976-80
1988-94
1999-00
Percent of Population
Extent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Race/Ethnicity (NHANES: 1999-2004).Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Chart1
72.976.962.4
63.466.949.1
37.233.625.1
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
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OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
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Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men6.710.711.0
Women5.613.210.9
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2004
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
OLD
Winkleby et al.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
`
NCHS and NHLBI.
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Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Less than high school
High school
More than high school
Percent of Population
Metsyndr.
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
Metsyndr.
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
PhysicAct.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
Men
Women
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
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Page &P
NHANESrf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
oweight hs
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
oweight hs
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
RFNHANES
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
CK Friedberg on HypertensionDiseases of the Heart 1966 Hypertension imposes a load on the heart which for many years may be compensated by left ventricular hypertrophy
_______________________________________________________________
CVD Risk Imposed by ECG-LVH Framingham Study 36-yr. Follow-upAge-adjusted Risk Excess Risk Rate per 1000 Ratio per 1000Age Men Women Men Women Men Women35-64 164 135 4.7*** 7.4*** 129 11765-94 234 235 2.8*** 4.1*** 51 178
Biennial Rate per 1000. CVD=CHD, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure***P
Smoking Statement Issued in 1956 by American Heart Association It is the belief of the committee that much greater knowledge is needed before any conclusions can be drawn concerning relationships between smoking and death rates from coronary heart disease. The acquisition of such knowledge may well require the use of techniques and research methods that have not hitherto been applied to this problem.Circulation 1960; vol. 23__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Prevalence of current smoking for Adults age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sex (NHIS:2004).Source: MMWR. 2004;54:1121-24. NH non-Hispanic.
Chart1
24.123.918.917.837.3
20.420.21511.333.4
NH White
NH Black
Hispanic
Asian
American Indian or Alaska Native
Percent of Population
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-941999-2002
Men10.712.212.820.628.1
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 1999-2002
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
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OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
1999-2002
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHES:1966-70; NHANES:1971-74 and 1988-94
1966-701971-741988-94
White Males163163155
Black Males171165166`
White Females170166163
Black Females172174168
`
cholchild
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Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1966-70
1971-74
1988-94
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men6.210.310.4
Women4.712.611.3
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2002
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
smokhschool
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
Metsyndr.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population43.135.8
NH Whites43.836.9
NH Blacks36.034.5
Mexican Americans43.731.3
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States:1999-2002
MenWomen
Total33.612.6
NH Whites34.512.4
NH Blacks22.711.3
Mexican Americans34.415.4
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 1999-2002
Metsyndr.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males23.319.319.1
Females26.610.817.7
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2003
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smokmf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
NHANESrf
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
oweight hs
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH White MalesNH White FemalesNH Black MalesNH Black FemalesHispanic MalesHispanic FemalesBMI
Prevalence of high school students in grades 9-12 reporting current cigarette smoking by race/ethnicity and sex. (YRBS:2005). Source: MMWR. 2006;55:SS-5. June 9, 2006. . NH non-Hispanic.
Chart2
24.927
1411.9
24.819.2
Males
Females
Percent of Population
Sheet1
HF PREVALENCECHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
MenWomenNo MetS or DM2.65.314.4
20-390.30.2MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
40-592.01.5MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
60-797.25.2DM only6.311.526.1
80+11.612.4Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Chart 7A: Prevalence of heart failure by sex and ageChart 10A: Total mortality rates in U.S. adults, ages 3075, with metabolic syndrome (MetS), with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-existing CVD
NHANES: 199904NHANES II 197680 Follow-Up Study*
Source : NCHS and NHLBI.Source: Malik et al.(10) *Average of 13 years of follow-up.
Chart 7B: Hospital discharges for heart failure by sex
United States: 19702004
Note: Hospital discharges include those inpatients discharged alive, dead or status unknown. Source: NHDS, NCHS and personal communication with NHLBI.
Hospital Discharges for HF
CHF Discharges
-----------In thousands------
MalesFemales
708074
7986
98102
107111
121113
75122131
123143
143152
157173
174203
80176224
182240
195243
208255
228303
85247310
274308
269336
277357
304339
90315386
360405
373449
394481
390484
95378494
377493
431526
438540
430532
00418581
444551
441529
471566
04524575
Chart 7C. Incidence of heart failure* by age and sex
FHS 19802003
* - HF based on physician review of medical records and strict diagnostic criteria.
Source: NHLBI.(10)
7010
7522
8057
85719
902,107
952,363
002,199
052,125
Chart 13A: Trends in heart transplants
UNOS: 19702005
Source: United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), scientific registry data.
est. cv oper. & proc
u.s. 1979-03 (000)
CatheterizationsOpen-HeartBypassPTCACarotid EndarterectomyPacemakers
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics792991721145442
Males24.914.024.8803501971375544
Females27.011.919.28569030823010740
9010465013922666897
Chart 9A: Prevalence of high school students in grades 912 reporting current cigarette use951137722573419132136
by sex and race/ethnicity001318686519561124152
YRBS: 2005011314690516571128177
021463709515657134199
04129764642766498170
Chart 13B: Trends in cardiovascular inpatient operations and procedures
United States: 19792004
Source: MMWR.4 NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MenWomen
NH White24.120.4
NH Black23.920.2
Hispanic18.915
Asian17.811.3Source: NHDS. NCHS and NHLBI. Note: In-hospital procedures only.
American Indian or Alaska Native37.333.4
Chart 9B: Prevalence of current smoking for Americans age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sexEST. COST OF CV DISEASES 2007
NHIS: 2004Coronary Heart Disease142.5
Stroke57.9
Hypertensive Disease63.5
Heart Failure29.6
Chart 14A: Estimated direct and indirect costs (in billions of dollars) of major cardiovascular diseases and stroke
United States: 2007
Source: MMWR.1 NH indicates non-Hispanic.
1988-941999-022003-04
NH White206204202
NH Black204199197
Mexican American205202201Source: NHLBI
Chart 9C: Trends in mean total serum cholesterol among adults by race, sex and survey
NHANES: 198894, 199902 and 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
Chart 9D: Trends in mean total serum cholesterol among adolescents ages 1217 by race, sex and survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Chart 9E: Age-adjusted prevalence of Americans age 20 and older with
LDL cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or higher by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Chart 9F: Age-adjusted prevalence of Americans age 20 and older with
HDL cholesterol under 40 mg/dL by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 200304
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanic
Male46.938.239
Female30.221.326.5
Chart 9G: Prevalence of students in grades 912 who met currently recommended
levels of physical activity during the past 7 days by race/ethnicity and sex
YRBS: 2005
Note: Currently recommended levels is defined as activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more of the 7 days preceding the survey. Source: MMWR.1
Source:YRBS (4)
19942004
NH White Male26.418.4
NH Black Male34.227.0
Hispanic Male37.532.5
Asian/Pacific Islander Male25.020.4
Am. Indian/Alaska Native Male34.423.8
NH White Female28.321.6
NH Black Female45.733.9
Hispanic Female44.839.6
Asian/Pacific Islander Female31.524.0
Am. Indian/Alaska Native Female36.331.8
Chart 9H: Prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity among adults age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sex
BRFSS: 1994 and 2004
Source: MMWR.(11) NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MalesFemales
NH Whites15.28.2
NH Blacks15.916.1
Hispanics21.312.1
Chart 9i: Prevalence of overweight among students in grades 912 by sex and race/ethnicity
YRBS: 2005
Source: BMI 95th percentile or higher by age and sex of the CDC 2000 growth chart. MMWR.(2) NH indicates non-Hispanic.
MenWomen
65-749.24.7
75-8422.314.8
85-9443.030.7
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Chart 9J: Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity in Americans ages 2074 by sex and survey
NHES 196062; NHANES: 197174, 197680, 198894 and 200104
Note: Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30.0 or higher. Source: Health, United States, 2006; Unpublished data, NCHS.
6-1112-19
1971-744.33.6
1976-806.66.4
1988-9411.611.0
2001-200418.716.3
Chart 9K: Trends in the prevalence of overweight among U.S. children and adolescents by age and survey
NHANES: 197174, 197680; 198894 and 200104
Source: Health, United States, 2006. Unpublished data. NCHS.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men69.89.9
Women4.512.211
Chart 9L: Prevalence of physician-diagnosed diabetes in Americans age 20 and older by race/ethnicity and sex
NHANES: 19992004
NCHS and NHLBI
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Chart 9M. Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
Source: NCHS and NHLBI.
Sheet1
10.712.212.820.630.2
15.716.817.12634
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
Sheet2
4.36.611.618.7
3.66.41116.3
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
Sheet3
185.303214.49
190.125240.37
194.834252.488
207.11257.35
221.391275.644
236.69317.084
258.645326.377
287.202327.978
281.616347.436
288.585374.508
312.253351.142
324.63397.288
369.68417.005
383.856455.757
403.565490.614
395.02491.788
383.917496.515
381.013496.109
436.463530.027
442.23547.189
433.785540.992
421.896585.791
446.166553.626
442.772530.311
495.774597.144
524575
Male
Female
Years
Discharges in Thousands
299172114795442
350197137805544
6903082308510740
10465013922666897
1137722573419132136
1318686519561124152
129764642766498170
Catheterizations
Open-Heart
Bypass
PCI
Carotid Endarterectomy
Pacemakers
Years
Procedures in Thousands
24.927
1411.9
24.819.2
Males
Females
Percent of Population
24.123.918.917.837.3
20.420.21511.333.4
NH White
NH Black
Hispanic
Asian
American Indian or Alaska Native
Percent of Population
46.938.239
30.221.326.5
NH White
NH Black
Hispanic
Sex and Race/Ethnicity
Percent of Population
151.6
62.7
66.4
33.2
Billions of Dollars
0.30.2
21.5
7.25.2
11.612.4
Men
Women
Percent of Population
206204202
204199197
205202201
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Serum Total Cholesterol
2.64.34.86.310.917
5.37.88.611.516.728.1
14.417.121.126.13044.1
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
MBD000CD551.xls
Chart3
163163155156
171165166161
170166163164
172174168161
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
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OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men69.89.9
Women4.512.211
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2002
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
DELETE
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
smokhschool
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
Metsyndr.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
Metsyndr.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
smokmf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
NHANESrf
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
oweight hs
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
Diseases of The HeartCharles K Friedberg MD, WB Saunders Co. Philadelphia, 1949 The proper control of diabetes is obviously desirable even though there is uncertainty as to whether coronary atherosclerosis is more frequent or severe in the uncontrolled diabetic ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetics Framingham Study Age-adjusted Biennial Rate Age-adjusted Per 1000 Risk RatioCardiovascular Event Men Women Men WomenCoronary Disease 39 21 1.5** 2.2***Stroke15 6 2.9*** 2.6***Peripheral Artery Dis. 18 18 3.4*** 6.4***Cardiac Failure 23 21 4.4*** 7.8***All CVD Events 76 65 2.2*** 3.7***
Subjects 35-64 36-year Follow-up **P
Age-adjusted prevalence of physician-diagnosed diabetes in Adults age 18 and older by race/ethnicity and sex (NHANES: 1999-2004). Source: NCHS and NHLBI. NH non-Hispanic.
Chart3
6.710.711
5.613.210.9
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-942001-2004
Men10.712.212.820.630.2
Women15.716.817.126.034.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 2001-2004
Source:Health US, 2004.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
2001-2004
Percent of Population
cholchild
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dl or More, United States
WhiteBlack
Males 0-9 Years2940
Females 0-9 Years3350
Males 10-19 Years2534
Females 10-19 Years2941
Estimated Percentage of Children With Serum Cholesterol of 170 mg/dL
or More, United States
Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Sex and Race and Survey
NHANES:1976-80,1988-94, 1999-02 and 2003-04
1976-801988-941999-022003-04
White Males163163155156
Black Males171165166161`
White Females170166163164
Black Females172174168161
`
cholchild
&A
Page &P
White
Black
Percent of Population
diabetes
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003-04
Mean Total Blood Cholesterol
Strokerace
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Men6.710.711.0
Women5.613.210.9
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Sex and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES: 1999-2004
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
122.95.46.4
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women Ages 25-64
by Education and Race/Ethnicity
NHANES III: 1988-94
OLD
Winkleby et al.
NH WhitesNH BlacksMexican Americans
Less than high school7.512.010.1
High school5.69.76.0
More than high school4.29.89.8
Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Americans Age 18+
by Education, Race/Ethnicity and Years of Education
NHANES: 1999-2004
`
NCHS and NHLBI.
&A
Page &P
Strokerace
NH Whites
NH Blacks
Mexican Americans
Percent of Population
Hdl&Ldl
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Percent of Population
smokhschool
Less than high school
High school
More than high school
Percent of Population
Metsyndr.
Relative Risk of Deaths due to StrokeCompared to Non-Hispanic Whites, by Race/Ethnicity and Age Groups, U.S., 1997
Non-Hispanic BlacksAmerican Indians/ Alaska NativesAsian/Pacific IslandersHispanics
35-444.01.91.31.3
45-543.91.31.31.3
55-643.01.51.41.2
65-741.90.91.10.9
75-841.20.81.00.6
85+0.90.40.70.5
Risk for Stroke Mortality Among Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With Non-Hispanic Whites,
by Age Groups
United States: 1997
Metsyndr.
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75-84
85+
Race/Ethnicity
Relative Risk
PhysicAct.
Estiamted % of Americans Age 20 and Over with High-Risk LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or More by Race and Sex
MenWomen
Total Population32.032.0
NH Whites32.034.0
NH Blacks32.030.0
Mexican Americans39.031.0
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With
LDL-Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
United States: 2003-04
MenWomen
Total259
NH Whites269
NH Blacks167
Mexican Americans2813
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Adults Age 20 and Over With
HDL-Cholesterol Under 40 mg/dL by Race and Sex
United States: NHANES 2003-2004
PhysicAct.
Men
Women
Percent of Population
smokmf
Men
Women
Percent of Population
NHANESrf
`NH WhitesNH BlacksHispanics
Males24.914.024.8
Females27.011.919.2
Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Use
Within the last 30 days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
YRBS: 2005
&A
Page &P
NHANESrf
Males
Females
Percent of Population
oweight hs
CHD MortalityCVD MortalityTotal Mortality
No MetS or DM2.65.314.4
MetS w/o DM4.37.817.1
MetS w/DM4.88.621.1
DM only6.311.526.1
Prior CVD10.916.730.0
Prior CVD and DM17.028.144.1
Total Mortality Rates in US Adults Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome, With and Without Diabetes and Pre-Existing CVD
NHANES1976-80 Follow-Up Study
oweight hs
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1,000 Person Years
RFNHANES
% of high school students who participated in vigorous or moderate physical physical activity in past 7 days
NH WhiteNH BlackHispanicBMI
Mortality rates in U.S. adults, age 30-75, with metabolic syndrome (MetS), with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-existing CVD (NHANES II: 1976-80 Follow-up Study). ** Source: Malik et al., Circulation. 2004;110:1245-50. ** Average of 13 years of follow-up. Note: Age and gender adjusted.
Chart7
2.64.34.86.310.917
5.37.88.611.516.728.1
14.417.121.126.13044.1
No MetS or DM
MetS w/o DM
MetS w/DM
DM only
Prior CVD
Prior CVD and DM
Deaths/1000 Person Years
OVERWT
1960-621971-741976-801988-941999-20021960-621971-741976-801988-941999-2000
Men10.712.112.720.627.6Overweight43.346.146.054.464.5
Women15.816.617.025.933.2Obese13.414.51523.330.5
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity* in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and SurveyOverweight and Obesity for Americans age 20-74 by Survey
NHES and NHANES: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 1999-2002United States: 1960--62, 1971--74, 1976--80, 1988--94 and 1999-2000
??????
Source:Respective health examination surveys,CDC/NCHS.
Obesity is defined as BMI of 30 plus.
WhitesBlacksMexican Americans
1225.428.327.5
Mean BMI for Women Ages 25-64 by Education and Race/Ethnicity
United States: 1988-94
&A
Page &P
OVERWT
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
1999-2002
Percent of Population
CHOL240
1960-62
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
1999-2000
Percent of Population
CHOL200
Whites
Blacks
Mexican Americans
Years of Education
Mean BMI, kg/m2
cholchild
Non-HispanicNon-HispanicNon-HispanicNon-Hispanic
White MalesWhite FemalesBlack MalesBlack Females
20-3498.29.47
35-4419.711.314.59.5
45-5426.32518.226.8
55-6431.539.927.847.7
65-7427.644.129.142.8
75+19.739.426.635.9
Estimated Percentage of Americans Age 20 and Over With Serum Cholesterol
of 240 mg/dL or More by Age, Sex and Race
United States: 1988-94
Non-Hispanic White MenNon-Hispanic White WomenNon-Hispanic Black MenNon-Hispanic Black WomenMexican-American MenMexican-American Women
182015181817
Estimated Age-Adjusted (2000) Prevalence of Americans Ages 20-74 With Blood Cholesterol of 240 mg/dL or More by Sex and Race
United States: 1988-94
&A
Page &P
cholchild
&A
Page &P
Non-Hispanic White Males
Non-Hispanic White Females
Non-Hispanic Black Males
Non-Hispanic Black Females
Ages
Percent of Population
diabetes
Percent of Population
strokerr
EST. PERCENTAGE OF AMERICAN ADULTS 20-74, WITH
SERUM CHOLESTEROL O