Date post: | 31-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | drusilla-chapman |
View: | 218 times |
Download: | 0 times |
ReflectionReflection
Occurs when waves traveling in one Occurs when waves traveling in one media reach a boundary with another media reach a boundary with another media and bounce back into the first media and bounce back into the first mediummedium
Total ReflectionTotal Reflection all of the wave energy all of the wave energy is transmitted backis transmitted back
Partial ReflectionPartial Reflection some of the wave some of the wave energy is transmitted into the new mediumenergy is transmitted into the new medium
ReflectionReflection
Amount of reflection is dependent on Amount of reflection is dependent on the rigidity of the mediathe rigidity of the media
Metals Metals very rigid; reflect most light very rigid; reflect most light
Glass/Water Glass/Water not as rigid to light waves; not as rigid to light waves; allows waves to pass through allows waves to pass through
Law of ReflectionLaw of Reflection
Incident waves and reflected waves make Incident waves and reflected waves make equal angles with a line perpendicular to equal angles with a line perpendicular to the surface, called the the surface, called the normal.normal.
Angle of Incidence Angle of Incidence angle made by the angle made by the incidence wave and the normalincidence wave and the normal
Angle of Reflection Angle of Reflection angle made by the angle made by the reflected wave and the normalreflected wave and the normal
MirrorsMirrors
Virtual ImagesVirtual Images images seen in a mirror images seen in a mirror that appear to originate behind the mirrorthat appear to originate behind the mirror
Light does not pass through the image Light does not pass through the image position, but behaves like it doesposition, but behaves like it does
Convex MirrorConvex Mirror creates virtual images creates virtual images smaller and closer to the mirrorsmaller and closer to the mirror
Concave MirrorConcave Mirror creates virtual images creates virtual images larger and farther awaylarger and farther away
MirrorsMirrors
Mirror EquationMirror Equation
1/p + 1/q = 1/f1/p + 1/q = 1/f
p p object distance (d object distance (doo))
q q image distance (d image distance (dii))
f f focal length focal length • Object and image distance are positive when measured Object and image distance are positive when measured
from center of mirror to any point in front of mirrorfrom center of mirror to any point in front of mirror• Object and image heights are positive when above the Object and image heights are positive when above the
principle axis and negative belowprinciple axis and negative below
MirrorsMirrors
Focal Length of a curved mirror is one half Focal Length of a curved mirror is one half the radius of curvaturethe radius of curvature
Concave Mirror Concave Mirror focal length is positive focal length is positive
Convex Mirror Convex Mirror focal length is negative focal length is negative
MirrorsMirrors
Magnification EquationMagnification EquationM = hM = hii/h/hoo = -q/p = -q/p
M is positive when the image is in front of M is positive when the image is in front of the mirror and invertedthe mirror and inverted
M is negative when the image is behind M is negative when the image is behind the mirror and uprightthe mirror and upright
Reflection of SoundReflection of Sound
EchoesEchoes sound reflects better off large, sound reflects better off large, rigid, smooth surfacesrigid, smooth surfaces
reflects less if the surface is reflects less if the surface is irregular irregular and softand soft
AcousticsAcoustics study of the reflective study of the reflective properties of soundproperties of sound
ReverberationsReverberations garbled sound caused garbled sound caused by multiple reflectionsby multiple reflections
RefractionRefraction
The bending of waves that results The bending of waves that results from waves being made to travel from waves being made to travel more slowly (or quickly) than another more slowly (or quickly) than another partpart
Refraction of SoundRefraction of Sound
Refracted due to differences of media or Refracted due to differences of media or difference within a mediadifference within a media
Warm AirWarm Air waves bend away from the waves bend away from the ground and seem to not carry wellground and seem to not carry well
Cold AirCold Air waves bend toward the ground waves bend toward the ground and seem to carry welland seem to carry well
Refraction of LightRefraction of Light
When one part of the ray is made to travel When one part of the ray is made to travel more slowly than another, the rays are more slowly than another, the rays are refracted closer to the normalrefracted closer to the normal
Causes pools and ponds to appear Causes pools and ponds to appear shallower than they are since the speed of shallower than they are since the speed of light is changed when the light waves light is changed when the light waves move from air into watermove from air into water
Refraction of LightRefraction of Light
AtmosphericAtmospheric Mirages Mirages
very hot air close to the ground very hot air close to the ground causes causes a speeding up and bending of a speeding up and bending of light waves, light waves, producing an imageproducing an image
image would appear upside down to image would appear upside down to the observer just as if it were reflected the observer just as if it were reflected off of water, but it is refractedoff of water, but it is refracted