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Artificial Light
Units of Measurement• Input Power – Watts• Light Output – Lumens• Efficacy* (of light source) – Lumens per watt• Efficiency (of a light fixture) – Stated as a
percentage• Light Levels (at work plane) – Footcandles
* The amount of energy service or useful energy delivered per unit of energy input. Often used in reference to lighting systems, where the visible
light output of a luminary is relative to power input; expressed in lumens per Watt; the higher the efficacy value, the higher the energy efficiency
Incandescent
Advantages of Incandescent • Inexpensive• Available Everywhere• User Familiarity• Easily Dimmed• Good Color (CRI)
Incandescent
Disadvantages• 20% of the energy consumed is
converted to light, the rest to heat
• Short lamp life – 850-1000 hours• Low efficacy rating (lumens per
watt)• They will be outlawed in the
future
Incandescent R Lamps
R20 incandescent bulb
Bulb-R20
Watts-50 or 75 Watts
Volts-120 Volts
Beam Type-Reflector
Base-Medium
Color-Inside Frost
Incandescent R Lamps
R20 reflector bulbLight Output-400 Lumens
Energy Used- 50Watts
Life-6,000 Avg. Hours
Volts-120 Volts
Bulb Shape-R-20
White CRI 80
Color Temperature (Kelvin)2700K `
Halogen Lighting
Halogen• A more efficient incandescent source• Good “point source” illumination• Longer Lamp Life – regenerative cycle
Note: Regenerative cycle – As the filament heats up and tungsten particles are released they combine with bromine and are redeposited onto the filament when the lamp is turned off.
Halogen Lighting
par 38 halogen lamp
Watts-90
Volts-120 Volts
Beam Type- Flood
Beam Spread- 30°
Life Hours- 2,500
Base- Medium Skt.
MOL- 5 5/16"
Lumens- 1300
Filament Class- C,CC-8
Candlepower- 3,600
PAR = Parabolic Aluminized Reflector
Halogen Lighting
Bulb-PAR 20
Watts- 35
Volts- 120 Volts
Beam Type- Narrow Flood Tungsten Halogen Capsylite
Beam Spread- 30°
Life Hours- 2,500
Base- Medium
MOL- 3 1/4"
Lumens- 400
Candlepower- 900
PAR 20 halogen lamp
Fluorescent Lighting
Linear FluorescentHow do they Work?• A ballast is needed to start the lamp and
then it quickly switch over to the operation mode
• An electric arc is passed between cathodes in a glass tube which excites mercury and other gasses and produces UV radiant energy. A phosphor coating on the tube then convert this energy to visible light.
• Different color temperatures, “warm white” through “cool white are achieved by adjusting the phosphor coating
Linear Florescent
Advantages• Long Lamp Life, 24,000 hours
plus• Energy Efficient• Lower Maintenance costs• High CRI, can be specified, 70, 80
or 90+
T-12 fluorescent tube light
• Light Output 960 lumens
• Energy Used20 Watts
• Life 9,000 Avg. Hours
• Temperature (Kelvin) 6500K
T-8 fluorescent tube
• Light Output 670 lumens
• Energy Used 15 Watts
• Life 9,000 Avg. HoursVolts
• White CRI53 Color Temperature (Kelvin)3000K `
T-5 fluorescent tube light
• Light Output 1,895 Lumens
• Energy Used Watts
• Life20,000 Avg. Hours
• White CRI 85
• Color Temperature (Kelvin)3000K `
Compact Fluorescent Lighting
Advantages• Available in many shapes and size,
wattage and versions– Self Balasted – Replaceable lamp versions– New GU24 Sockets
• Last 10,000 hours or longer• Use 70% less energy than standard
incandescent• High CRI (80+)• Price and quality is improving all the time
Compact Fluorescent Lighting
Disadvantages• Still more expensive than
incandescent (first cost)• Not as user friendly as incandescent
– Most can’t be dimmed or used with photosensors
– Usually shorter lamp life is from over heating (recessed cans, etc.)
• Requires disposal(all contain a little mercury)
Compact Fluorescent Lighting
Compact Fluorescent Lamps
Full Spectrum Fluorescent
87 CRI Up to 80% Savings Lasts 10 times longer
than incandescent Shows colors more
accurately with less glare 15 Watts = 70 Watts 20 Watts = 75 Watts25 Watts = 100 Watts
Use 40%
LED Under Cabinet Lighting
Warm white (2800K) or neutral white (3500K) LEDs
• Clear or frosted lens
• 50,000 hour LED life at 70% lumen maintenance
• Only ⅝” profile
• 15vDC driver ordered separately 20w, 30w, 35w, 60w or 75w hardwire driver or 6w, 15w, 24w, or 40w plug-in driver
LED DownlightingCREE LED Lighting LPR 38• 13.5 Watts• Replaces 90W• 80 lumens per Watt• SACRIFICE NOTHING• 1000 lumens @ 3000K• 950 lumens @ 2700K• 25° Beam Angle• 4000 CBCP• 92 CRI• 3000K, 2700K• Dimmable to 20%• REDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTS• Designed to last 50,000 hours (open)
•Designed to last 35,000 hours (non-IC)
*CBCP = Center Beam Candlepower
More LED Lighting
CREE LBR 3012 WattsEquivalent to 60W BR30 50 lumens per Watt600 lumens25 and 50 Degree Beam Angles94 CRI2700KREDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTSDesigned to last 50,000 hours (open)Designed to last 35,000 hours (non-
LED’s for CANS
10.5 WattsReplaces 65W55 lumens per Watt SACRIFICE NOTHING90 CRI2700KDimmable to 5%REDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTSDesigned to last 50,000 hours
LED Can Lighting
• 11.1 Watts
• Replaces 50W
• 46 lumens per Watt
• 90 CRI
• 2700K or 3500K
• Dimmable to 20%
• 30 Degree Shield
Xenon under cabinet lighting
• Height: 1" • Width: 5" • Number of Bulbs: 3 • Maximum Wattage:
18.5W • Bulb Base: Wedge
T5 • Voltage: 120V
• CRI 100
Xenon under cabinet lighting
• Height: 1“• Width: 5" • Number of Bulbs: 2• Maximum Wattage:
18.5W• Bulb Base: Wedge
T5 • Voltage: 120V• CRI 100