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LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents What is it LD Debate Structure Terms to Know ...

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LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE
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Page 1: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE

Page 2: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Table of Contents

What is it LD Debate Structure Terms to Know Constructive Arguments

Affirmative Negative

Cross Examinations Rebuttals Flowing

Page 3: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

What is Lincoln Douglas Debating?

Named for the 1858 debate between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas (focused on slavery) Morals Values Logic

Current focus of LD debate (one on one debating) Still morals, values, and logic Reasons for the WHY behind our actions than the actions

themselves

Understanding what action is done, and why people or governments chose to take such actions, will help you better understand the decision making process of those in positions of power.

Page 4: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

LD Structure

Affirmative Constructive (AC) 6 minutes Cross-Examination (NEG questions AFF) 3 minutes Negative Constructive (NC) 7 minutes Cross-Examination (AFF questions NEG) 3 minutes 1st Affirmative Rebuttal (AR1)  4 minutes 1st Negative Rebuttal (NR) 6 minutes 2nd Affirmative Rebuttal (AR2) 3 minutes Total Prep Time during debate 4 min/EACH side

Page 5: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Terms to Know

Resolution – topic of debate “Capital punishment is unjust.”

Affirmative – in favor of topic

Negative – opposes topic

Page 6: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Constructive – building of the speech; SCRIPTED Value – what is most important in the debate (what will be

achieved/protected) (ex.: Equality) Criterion – how to achieve value (sometimes based in

philosophy) (ex.: Equal application of all laws and consequences)

Contention – major arguments (ex.: 1) low socio-economic cannot afford top lawyers and legal teams, 2) defendant more likely to get death penalty if victim is white.)

Rebuttal – why the other side’s contentions are wrong/your contentions are right; PARTIALLY SCRIPTED

Flow – keeping track of the debate; points, contention, and questions

Page 7: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Constructive Arguments

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fgLUQDqtiE

http://speechanddebatecoach.jeffreylylemason.com/?page_id=250

Outline and handouts.docx

Page 8: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Cross-Examination (NEG questions AFF)

3 minutes to ask the affirmative debater questions.

Both debaters should stand up in front of the room next to each other.

BOTH FACE THE JUDGE and not look at each other during the CX.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=od5R8ijZOA8

Page 9: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Reasons for CX

To ask clarification questions about arguments that the student missed arguments the student didn’t

understand the exact meaning of definitions

presented the strategic effects of arguments in

the case

Page 10: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

To attack the opponent’s case position To question the veracity of claims

made To question the logical links

between the arguments To establish a presence within

the round to set up the negative case s/he

is about to read

Page 11: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Tips for CX

Have a plan! Favor shorter questions that all

build on each other Can ask for clarification Pick an argument and just ask

variations on “why?” Be careful not to ask totally open

ended questions.

Page 12: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Replying to CX

Know the case backwards and forwards.

Answer questions directly without rambling.

Yes or no isn’t always yes or not. Questions may not be a simply yes or no

question. Explain why your answer needs to be more nuanced than “yes or no.”

On the flip side, if you are asked a simple “yes or no” question that can be answered, answer it.

Finally, remember, be calm and composed.

Page 13: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Negative Constructive    

Tends to not have definitions since many are the same definitions so it would be a waste of time to reiterate.

Will have a value and a way to achieve the value

Structured similar to the affirmative case (same # of contentions)

If time allows, rebuttal should be started https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6Je

1_6qeEM

Page 14: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Cross-Examination (AFF questions NEG)

See negative CX section

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RObYH3s5omo

Page 15: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Rebuttals

Explain how you will set up rebuttal (A/N or N/A) Designed to attack opponent’s value and

contentions Explain what is wrong with them Prove they are not valid

Allows for further development of your own contentions and link to importance of your value

If a contention is not address (A or N), then it is assumed that point is conceded

NO NEW INFORMATION

Page 16: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Rebuttal Tactic – comparing contentions

Give counter evidence or examples to the other side’s contention(s)

Point out missteps in their logic This doesn’t just mean noting that the original

argument is making assumptions, but pointing out what those assumptions are and saying why they are wrong.

Point out flaws in evidence Point out why their side of the resolution is not any

better with regards to this issue, meaning they have no unique advantage

Raise objection as to why their logic won’t work in the real world

Page 17: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

 

Even if the claim they are making is true, you can say the argument is not important due to the probability that the claim would

happen being small the scope or magnitude of the argument

being small, meaning that the problem they cite would not affect that many people or the benefit they are claiming would not help that many people

Page 18: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Rebuttals tactic – defending contentions

Citing a logical fallacy “Is/ought” fallacy

Assuming that because something happens in a certain way that it ought to always happen in that way.

Second Amendment argument Begging the question

This is another way of saying the argument is circular meaning that the argument assumes premises that assume the conclusion of the argument.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAXKc-rvMa8 (to 1 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKZQ_mu_Jys (1 min to 2 min)

The false dilemma Two options are given and forces a choice between only these two

options Ignores other potential options

Page 19: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Affirmative Rebuttal 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SA-U

B5_h_gg

Negative Rebuttal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLx8

d-X2PQg

Affirmative Rebuttal 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYrn

t_P3hnA

Page 20: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Flowing

AC (6 min) CX – N to A (3 min)

NC (7 min) CX – A to N (3 min)

AR1 (4 min) NR (6 min) AR2 (3 min)

Page 21: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Basketball

What is the end goal of a game? To win

How do you achieve that end goal? Score the most points

Evaluate – What type of players are going to help score the most points? (short or tall)

Choose short or tall players and reason how that type will score the most points

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mhW62NKVI4

Page 22: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

You Must:

Build both affirmative and negative arguments (construct and rebuttals)

Write a script for constructive and (some of the) rebuttals – KNOW WHAT YOU WILL SAY!

Determine who will speak/help where – everyone in the group MUST have an active role Individual grades Group mate grades

Page 23: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Helpful Hints to Divide Your Team Affirmative Construct is the most

straightforward Rebuttals must understand how to

counter and think on feet Cross examinations build cases – use

individuals wisely You may designate “floaters” who help in

all areas BUT you cannot have more than 1 or 2

EVERYONE MUST RESEARCH

Page 24: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

REMEMBER!

What is it Started with Abe Lincoln and Stephen

Douglas LD Debate Structure

Timed debate Minimum debate time 32 minutes

Terms to Know

Page 25: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Constructive Arguments Affirmative – define, set value, create

contentions in favor of resolution Negative - define, set value, create

contentions against resolution Cross Examinations

Question round Plan Find loopholes Review opponents’ contentions

Page 26: LINCOLN DOUGLAS DEBATE. Table of Contents  What is it  LD Debate Structure  Terms to Know  Constructive Arguments  Affirmative  Negative  Cross.

Rebuttals Further support for your side’s contentions Refute opposition’s contentions

Flowing – keep track of debate

Debate is a civilized discussion that presents organized thoughts and facts to defend a side. It is not a place for emotion or unsupported opinions.


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