2. I. Lao PDR GeneralBackground Land linked countrysurrounded by 5countries (Vietnam, China,Myanmar, Thailand &Cambodia) Population 6.65Million 49 Ethnic Groups 2.1% annualpopulation growthrate Population Density:24 people/square KM 3. I. Lao PDR General BackgroundForest cover was 41%Every 10 years Forest coverchange assessment (1982, 1992,2002, 2010)Protection Forest 5.2 Mil Ha. Conservation Forest 2.7 Mil Ha. Production Forest3.1 Mil Ha. 4. II. Current Land Use Pattern Total land area: 23.68 Million ha. Total forest land area: 9.7 million ha. (41% of total area of country) Dense Forest 5.5 Million Ha. (outof which 3.31 Ha, under 21National conservation forest) Degraded Forest 4.2 Million Ha. 5. II. Current Land Use Pattern Total Agriculture area: 1.8 Million ha. (Only 7.6% of total area of country) Total Plantation Area 0.5 Million Ha. Miscellaneous Land: 4.78 Million Ha. 6. II. Current Land Use Pattern 59% farmers are engaged in subsistence agriculture. 6% of farmers have good marketable surplus production. 35% sell some of their agriculture production. Top 5 crops are:2% 10% Rice 4%3% Coffee 7%Vegetables Maize5%65% Legumes Starchy root & 4% cassava Peanut Others crops 7. Agriculture Production High Mountain 10 % System of Lao PDRHigh slope 20%Plateau 15 %Slope 30%Flat land 25% 8. III. Contribution of Agriculture in National Economy Agricultural contributing 35% of the GDP. 79.7% population is engaged in farming 93% of the area devoted to rice production. 8% farmers are engaged in aquaculture Livestock: 31% farmers have cattle, 48% have water buffaloes, 49% have pigs, and 73% farmers raise poultries. 9. IV. Enabling environment for agriculture 1. Availability of land for Agriculture 2. Good climatic conditions 3. Infrastructure development &Connectivity to major ports 4. Plenty of Rainfall, rainy monthsfrom April to October 10. IV. Enabling environment foragriculture Long lasting rainy season average rainfall more than 2,000MM Dry Season: November to Mid April Wet Season: Mid April to October Rainfall Pattern in Lao PDR 11. IV. Enabling environment for agriculture Goodtemperaturecan enableround the yearcultivation Fertile soils Rainfall Pattern in Southern Lao PDR 12. IV. Enabling environmentfor agricultureLot of source of waterincluding perennialstreams, rivers, groundwater enabling toestablish irrigation system 13. IV. Enabling environment- Good Infrastructure development 14. IV. Enabling environment Good Infrastructure development Mawlamyin 15. V. Major Problems for agriculture development Insufficient paddy land forfarmers; Presence of un-explodedordnance (UXO); Poor soil fertility management Shifting cultivation; Lack of equipments andmachinery and agro-inputs; Lack of availability ofimproved seeds of crops; Very less area under irrigation; Poor Technical knowledge offarmers; 16. V. Major Problems foragriculture developmentSubsistence farming; Extreme poverty in rural farming community; Long hungry season for many families Natural Disaster like floods and droughts 17. VI. Current Cropping Pattern Upland Area: Shifting cultivation cycle 4-5 years Main crop rainfed upland aerobic rice Some farmers started growing Corn Negligible cultivation of legumenous crops Farmers are not aware of crop rotation 18. VI. Current Cropping Pattern Low Land Area: Paddy rice cultivation mainly rainfed paddyrice; Most of the rice fields are fellow in dryseason; Negligible cultivation of legume crops in dryseason; Farmers are not aware of crop rotation; Farmers are not aware of the soil fertilitymanagement. 19. SNRMPE ProjectDuration: 6 yearsFrom: Jan 2010-Dec 2015 20. Sustainable Natural Resource Management & Productivity Enhancement project Project is covering 42 districts. Targeting 19 poor and very poor districts asidentified in the NGPES for the PovertyReduction Subprojects, all 42 districts for thesubprojects of Commercialization ofAgricultural and NRM subprojects. Total of 1,895 villages (out of total 2,261) and230,000 households Project website: http://www.snrmpep.gov.la GIS website http://gis.snrmpep.gov.la/ 21. Grant 0144-LAO (SF) US$ 20 Million or 53.4% Grant 8025-LA US$ 15 Million or 40.0%, Counterpart Funding US$ 1.775 Million or 4.7% Special Grant Fund (TA-JSF) TA 7241-LAO US$Million or 1.9 %. Total US$ 37.475 Million 22. Project Components & SubcomponentsA. Capacity Building in Sector Management: a) Land Use-Suitability Planning b) Support for Producer Groups c) Policy DevelopmentB. Subproject Investments a. Commercialization Initiatives b. Poverty Reduction Initiatives c. Natural Resource ManagementInitiativesC. Implementation Management 23. Land Use Suitability Planning GIS Resource Mapping Center established atNAFRI and in 5 provinces. LUP units established in 5 provinces and allare equipped with necessary equipment. LUP in 71 subproject area in 5 provinces, Equipped the government agencies for theappraisal of land concession to takeappropriate decision. Land allocation and issue of permanent landcertificate to target farmers 24. Main features of subprojects Based on genuine stakeholder demand; Have soundtechnical, commercial, social, andenvironmental prospects; Potential impact on poverty reduction bytargeting poor farmers; Based on a demonstrated technology; Financially and institutionally sustainable; Consistent with national agriculturaldevelopment strategies; Start with start-up activities we have preparedtotal 71 subproject amounting US$ 21.6million. Feasibility studies for all subprojectscompleted. 25. Classification of subprojects bycategory Commercialization: 33subprojects, US$ 10.13 Million Poverty Reduction: 30subprojects, US$ 9.35 Million NRM: 8 subprojects, US$ 2.14 Million 26. Groups of Subprojects Subprojects are grouped in 9 types: 6 Subprojects: Promotion of serviceproviders for small livestock raising. 5 Subprojects: Establishment ofSustainable Livestock Health ManagementSystem. 12 Subprojects: Integrated Livestockbased mixed farming system. 22 Subprojects: Integrated Rice BasedFarming System. 7 Subprojects: Sustainable upland 27. Groups of Subprojects 4 Subprojects: Promotion of OrganicCoffee Value Chain. 6 Subprojects: Natural ResourceManagement. 5 Subprojects: Organic Vegetablecultivation and value chaindevelopment. 3 Subprojects: Other Miscellaneous. 28. Targeting under differentCategory of Subprojects Commercialization: 133 Village clusters; 724 villages & 74,771Households Poverty Reduction: 195 Village clusters; 1,088 villages &148,996 Households NRM: 8 subprojects, US$ 2.14 Million 14 Village clusters; 83 villages & 6,338Households 29. Example: Small Livestock Development with ValueChain Approach Sub Pigeon pea andMaize cultivation: Quality rawREVOLVING FUND material for feed SUPPORT THROUGHfactoriesVDCDev. of Meat IProcessing - NDev of FeedCenters Farmers to be M - N T Factories - E(PPP) organized as A - L A RProducer GroupsT - O N R - C I A ODev of Demonstration Units K - A N T at village level- L I BreedingE - A OCenters &L T - Nhatcheries - AExposure visitsLIntegrated Health and Training Management Support Programmes 30. Marketing StrategyTo brand it as unique product with competitive advantage for domestic as well as international markets. Organic Product Halal method of (No use of chemicals or Processingpesticides in the entire(To access highly lucrative process) markets in neighboringCountries) Final Product Native Breeds Fair Trade Product (Produced by rural poor(High in taste andhouseholds for povertyuniqueness in availability) reduction) 31. Example for rice basedfarming system Farmers Group Development; Capacity Building of Technical Staff and ProductionGroups; Land Use Planning & Issue of Permanent Land Certificate Linking the farmers groups with rice miller (Apply lessonsof SNV, HELVETAS, EMRIP); Rice Seed Production Programme; Soil Fertility Improvement Programme using greenmanure, compost; Introduction of crop rotation; Demonstration & Productivity Enhancement; Support for Irrigation System; Farm Mechanization: Up scaling of production system; MIS & Fare Trade. 32. Partners for Technical Cooperation AllDepartments of MAF includingNAFRI, NAFES, DoA, DOF, DoI, DoLand NLMA, MoNRE, MPI, MOF Research Projects & InternationalInstitutions:IRRI, FAO, AIT, CIET, KfW, SNV, ACIAR,ICRISAT, ILRI, NACA NGOs: PROCASUR, VFI, AGPC, CUSOVSO Private Sectors: SWIFT Co., Ltd. Green 33. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects A. Linkages for Production Research in upland areas: Easy technique for the stabilization of the shifting cultivation by developing technical interventions to improve the profitability of low-input household farming systems as an alternative to shifting cultivation; e.g. Intercropping of Pigeon pea with upland rice(impact on soil fertility, root knot nematode, yieldetc.) 34. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects A. Linkages for Production Research in upland areas: Some research on improving the pigeonpea varieties like introduction of short term high yielding varieties of pigeonpea. SNRMPEPintroduced 10 ton seeds of 2 pigeonpea varieties fromMyanmar. White Bold and Linkhe which mature in 130days and can produce 2 ton grains per ha while existingLao pigeonpea takes 280 days to ripe and can produceonly 0.5 ton grains per ha. Need research for the sole cultivation of pigeonpea and other legumes in upland area in 2nd year after rice. Research on other legume crops like red bean, Mung bean, rice bean and other bean to improve the soil fertility and generate more income; 35. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects A. Linkages for Production Research in upland areas: Zero tillage farming system Weed management in upland farming system High value area specific upland crops (like coffee, green cardamom, condiments and spices, herbal medicinal plants) Low cost water harvesting and water management technologies for the upland; Livestock based farming system; Planting of rainfed upland dry season crops in upland areas like Chickpea after upland rice as relay cropping. 36. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects B. Linkages for Production Research in lowland areas: Research trials on Integrated Rice-Livestock Based farming System; Some trials for use of both fodder and food crop residue for livestock raising and livestock residue for compost, bio fertilizer development and soil fertility and soil structure improvement. 20% area under fodder crops 80% under food crops 37. Post harvest management of fodder & Conservation of greenfodder for dry season tiny bag silage making 38. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects B. Linkages for Production Research in lowland areas: Research trials on use of legume as crop rotation in dry season under irrigated areas. Research trials use of green mannuring (residue of legume crops after picking of pods, planting of susbennia and crotolaria for green mannuring) 39. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects B. Linkages forProductionResearch inlowland areas: Research trials ondevelopmentofintercroppingsystem inLaocondition.(Corn-Pigeonpea or otherpulses basedintercropping) 40. VIII. Opportunities for linkages with ResearchProjects with development projects B. Linkages for Production Researchin lowland areas: Research trials on development ofrelay cropping system in Lao condition. (Myanmar is producing the dry land Pigeonpea in un-irrigated area after harvest of rice. Pigeonpea has deep root system and doesnt require irrigation in dry season. Myanmar export Pigeonpea worth US$ 500 million per year to India) 41. VIII. Opportunities for linkages B. Linkages for Production in low land areas Research to develop some insect resistant and wilt resistant genotype for rice & legumes Drought-tolerance and drought avoidance , flood tolerant varieties; Research on short-duration pulse crops varieties that have enabled an expansion of the crop into tropical latitudes in dry season for planting just after harvest of rice; 42. VIII. Opportunities for linkages B. Linkages for Production in low land areas Increase Organic Matter in soil by green manuring, use of compost etc.SusbeniaSunhemp 43. VIII. Opportunities for linkages C. Farm Mechanization Lao Farmers still use traditional system for land preparation and most of the farmers use spade, buffaloes for the land preparation. There is need to do some research and trials for the partial farm mechanization 44. VIII. Opportunities for linkages D. Linkages for Processing & Marketing Promotion of Private Sector for the hygienic processing, packaging and marketing. Establish linkages for promotion of PPP Coordination for the adoption and improvement of Value chain approach- Linking with general and super markets Organic approach-Organic works well in Lao PDR. There is need to conduct more scientific research. 45. TurmericCurcuma longa Linn.Part to be used : RootTarget Pest 46. Neem Azadirachta indicaPart to be used:Seed, Bark Pesticide Property: MediumTarget Pests: 47. Cymbopogon nardusPart to be used: Roots, Stem, Leaves (methyleugenol) Pesticide value: HighTarget Pests: 48. Nerium indicumPart to be used: Flowers, Leaves andfruits Pesticide Value: HighTarget Pests: 49. Tinospora rumphiiPart to be used: Stem Pesticide Value: HighTarget Pests: 50. Acorus calamus L.Part to be used: BranchesPesticide Value: HighTarget Pests: 51. VIII. Opportunities for linkages E. Knowledge Sharing & Networking Regional Networking with research & developmentprojects/institutionsto share best practices Technical cooperation for the preparation of Technical Literatures of best practices for Technical Staff & Farmers. Capacity Building for technical staff and producer farmers Large scale adoption of best applied research practices by IFAD funded projects(Convert knowledge in Products). 52. VIII. Opportunities for linkages E. Policy & Regulations Support for the seed systems and policy research on grain legumes and cereals; Support the government to update/establish Quality control standard and regulation of agricultural products; Study for the trans-boundary trade of crops- import-export regulations, sanitary & other requirements of different countries and dissemination of these information to producers, processors and traders 53. Mobile Soil Analysis Kits 49 Kits 3 in 1 Protractor /Angle Finder/Level Measuring ToolAnalyser for N, P, K, SoilpH in the soil, Light SalinityMeterSeed Moisture Meter Soil Augersand Moisture 54. Rapid composting technology can make compost within 15 days57 55. Preparation of Bio-Pesticides for organic vegetable cultivation58 56. Direct Seeded rice cultivation in KhongDistrict in Dry season59 57. Support for Rice SeedProductionMobile seed Graders 58. Duck farming in Phou Sava Irrigation Area Start-up activity in Savanakhet Province 61 59. Integrated crop production andcattle raising 62 60. Chicken, pigs and caged fish farming as a Startup Activity in Attapeu Province 63 61. Over handing Vetenary Tools to Livestock Section for Vaccination Capaign in Sekong 64 62. Bong Persea kurzii Plantation in upland 63. Coffee Plantation inSalavanh, Sekong, Champasak Provinces 64. Cashew Plantation in Champasak PN-1Variety of Vietnam 500 ha. 65. THANKS TO ALL
