General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Linking texts and images: non-hierarchicstructures
TEI@Oxford
2010-07
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 1/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
General linking, segmentation and alignmentIn our encoded texts, we expect to be able to
put in simple links between sections of text, and point toexternal resourceslink text elements to pages images;represent correspondence or alignment among groups of textelementssynchronize elements of a text, representing temporalcorrespondences and alignments among text elementsspecify that one text element is identical to or a copy ofanotheraggregate possibly noncontinguous elementsspecify that different elements are alternatives to one anotherand to express preferences among the alternativesstore markup separately from the the data it describes
Some of these techniques we have already seen in the basic TEIwork, and the discussion of names.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 2/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Simple linkingThe core TEI <ptr> and <ref> elements let you do the point to pointlinking we are used to on web pages, relying on XML IDs for internallinks:.
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<p>Wikipedia has a a good starter page on<ref
target="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maneki_Neko"> wavingcats</ref>, with links to more esoteric resources; our own
information is section <ref target="#cats">3</ref>. Here is a video ofmine:<ref target="../Graphics/cat.avi">
<graphic width="60px" rend="right" url="../Graphics/cat.jpg"/></ref>
</p><div xml:id="cats"><head>Cats</head><p>Lots of them</p>
</div>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 3/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Underlying assumptions of our linking
Use W3C identifying, pointing and linking mechanisms wherepossible
Use@xml:id to identify an element directly
Use XPointer to point to elements that do not have an@xml:id
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 4/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Complex pointing
The standard URI scheme allows for pointing
to documents other than the current document
to a particular element in a document other than the currentdocument using its xml:id;
but we also need to point
to a particular element using its position in the XML elementtree (standard XPointer schemes)
at arbitrary content in any XML document using TEI-de nedXPointer schemes
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 5/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
W3C XPointer schemes
element Identify elements by position within parent,recursively.
xpointer The rich scheme including XPaths and rangesdescribed in the XPointer Recommendation
xmlns Bind a pre x for use in subsequent pointer parts e.g.xmlns(xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema)
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 6/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Text for XPointer examples
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<text><body>
<!-- seven divs here --><div xml:id="lastterm"><p>… </p><p>… </p><p><emph>'But'</emph>, said <name key="Stalky">Stalky</name>,
‘come to think of it, we've done more giddy jestingwith the Sixth since we've been passed over than anyone else in the last seven years.’</p>
</div></body>
</text>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 7/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Examples for XPointer schemes
element():.
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<ptr target="stalky.xml#element(lastterm)"/><ptr target="stalky.xml#element(1/1/8)"/>
xpointer() and xmlns():.
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<ptrtarget="stalky.xml#xmlns(t=http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0)
xpointer(/t:TEI/t:text/t:body/t:div[8])"/>
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<ptrtarget="stalky.xml#xmlns(t=http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0)
xpointer(/t:TEI/t:text//t:p[t:name[.='Stalky']])"/>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 8/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
A daily use for XPointer
The W3C XInclude speci cation is a good way to write compositedocuments; the <include> element's@href attribute allows forXPointers:.
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<div><p><xi:include href="stalky.xml#
xmlns(t=http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0)xpointer(/t:TEI/t:text//t:p[t:name[.='Beetle']])"/></p>
</div>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 9/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
The TEI linking module
The linking module provides a generic <link> to let you specify apoint to point relationship between two or more elements, usingmultiple values for the@target attribute:.
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<quote><p xml:id="report1">"In our report of the wedding of<persName>Mr. Lee Kwee Law</persName> to <persName>Miss Chan Siew
Cheen</persName> we inadvertently left out the following, who alsosent presents:——"—<title>Straits Echo.</title>
</p></quote><p xml:id="comment1">And then they inadvertently left themout again.</p><link targets="#report1 #comment1"/>
Note that this is establishing a connection, not a direction.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 10/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Groups of links
<linkGrp> is provided to group together sets of <link>s. In thefollowing example, it allows for stand-off notes, andcharacterisation of those notes:.
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<l xml:id="l2.79">A place there is, betwixt earth, air and seas</l><l xml:id="l2.80">Where from Ambrosia, Jove retires for ease.</l><l xml:id="l2.88">Sign'd with that Ichor which from Gods distills.</l><note xml:id="n2.79"><bibl>Ovid Met. 12.</bibl><quote xml:lang="la"><l>Orbe locus media est,
inter terrasq; fretumq;</l><l>Cœlestesq; plagas —</l>
</quote></note><note xml:id="n2.88"> Alludes to <bibl>Homer, Iliad 5</bibl></note><linkGrp type="imitationnotes"><link targets="#n2.79 #l2.79"/><link targets="#n2.88 #l2.88"/>
</linkGrp>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 11/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Segmenting text, and marking arbitrary points withindocuments
The linking module adds three useful new elements:
<ab> marks an block of text with no special semanticinterpretation
<seg> marks a range of text with no special semanticinterpretation
<anchor> marks an arbitrary point in the text
The rst two have helpful@type and@subtype attributes.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 12/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Marking points
<anchor> is comparable to an HTML anchor:.
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<p>He was merely working up to a peroration,and the boys knew it; but McTurk cut through the frothing sentence, theothersechoing:</p><p>‘<anchor xml:id="MTa"/>I appeal to the Head,sir.’</p><p>‘I appeal to the head, sir.’</p><p>‘I appeal to the Head, sir.’<anchor xml:id="Sa"/></p><p>It was their unquestioned right. Drunkenness meant expulsion after apublic flogging. They had been accused of it. The case was the Head's, andthe Head'salone.</p><span from="#MTa" to="#Sa">the verbal appeal</span>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 13/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Anonymous blocks
In this inscription, there are separate lines, but they are not poetry,or paragraphs, so we isolate themwith <ab> (or if we didn't want toencapsulate them we could use <lb/>):.
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<div><ab>JOSEPH STORY</ab><ab>ONLY SON OF</ab><ab>WILLILAM W. AND EMELYN STORY</ab><ab>BORN MAY 3rd 1847</ab><ab>AT BOSTON U.S.A</ab><ab>DIED NOV. 23rd 1853</ab><ab>AT ROME</ab>
</div>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 14/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Segments
There are more speci c elements elsewhere in the TEI for markingsentences, words and characters, but sometimes we need to markan arbitrary span, using <seg>:.
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<q>Don't say <q><seg type="stutter">I-I-I</seg>'m afraid,</q> Melvin, just say <q>I'm
afraid.</q></q>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 15/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Correspondence and alignment
First, consider the representation of a manuscript page:
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 16/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Manuscript Text
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<ab xml:id="N6"><lb/>and hat hire don in obedience ðe cnoweð hire manere
<lb/>and hire strencðe. he mai ðe vttre riwle chaungen efter<lb/>wisdom alse he isihð te inre mai beon best iholden.<anchor xml:id="N_6"/><lb/>Non ancre bi mine rede ne schal makien professiun.
<lb/>þet is. bihoten ase hest.</ab>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 17/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Correspondence and alignment (cont.)
Now let us look at an edited version and a translation:.
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<p xml:id="edited_6">Nan ancre bi mi read ne schal makien professiun—þetis, bihaten aseheast—bute þreo þinges, þet beoð obedience, chastete, antstude-steaðeluestnesse<!-- ... --></p>
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<p xml:id="translated_6">My advice is that no anchoress should makeprofession—that is, bind herself to a vow—of more than three things,which are obedience, chastity, and stability of abode<!-- ... --></p>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 18/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Correspondence and alignment (cont.)
We can express a relationship between the texts as follows:.
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<linkGrp type="translations"><link targets="#edited_6 #translated_6"/>
<!-- … --></linkGrp><linkGrp type="editions"><link targets="#N-f2r #N6"/>
<!-- … --></linkGrp>
meaning ‘this paragraph in the translated edition corresponds totext at that anchor in the original’.
There are many other ways of dealing with material like this!
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 19/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Synchronizing time-based materialIf you are linking together sequences which are aligned by time,there is a special stand-off linking element <when>, grouped insidea <timeline>. It has attributes:
absolute an absolute time for the eventinterval the length of the gap since the last event
unit the unit of time in which the interval value isexpressed
since a link to the previous event.
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<timeline xml:id="tl1" origin="#w0" unit="ms"><when xml:id="w0" absolute="11:30:00"/><when xml:id="w1" interval="unknown" since="#w0"/><when xml:id="w2" interval="100" since="#w1"/><when xml:id="w3" interval="200" since="#w2"/><when xml:id="w4" interval="150" since="#w3"/>
</timeline>
These <when> objects can be used in a <link> to associate points intime with points in the text.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 20/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Marking interpretations
The <interp> element is used to store an interpretation of somekind about a text. It can appear anywhere and either
points to text segments to which it applies, using the@instattribute
or
is pointed at from text segments to which it applies, using the@ana attribute
For grouping sets of similar interpretations, we can use <interpGrp>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 21/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Example of marking simple interpretation
A few days ago the Crown Prince of Schlossrattenheim hadan accident with his aeroplane, which overturned nearSchutzmeer. Fortunately his Royal Highness fell on a retiredWuerst-haendler whowas walking on the beach.The Crown Prince's devotion to his beloved subjects is wellknown, and this tactful deed was only another instance of it.
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<p xml:id="cp1" ana="#IR">The Crown Prince's devotion to his belovedsubjects is well known, and this tactful deed was onlyanother instance of it.</p><interp xml:id="IR">Irony</interp>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 22/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Segmentation for part of speech analysisExeter College Oxford which has just celebrated its sixhundredth anniversary is not the only college which bearsthe same name as that of a city
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<w ana="#NP0">Exeter</w><w ana="#NN1">College</w><w ana="#NP0">Oxford</w><w ana="#DTQ">which</w><w ana="#VHZ">has</w><w ana="#AV0">just</w><w ana="#VVN">celebrated</w><w ana="#DPS">its</w><w ana="#CRD">six</w><w ana="#ORD">hundredth</w><w ana="#NN1">anniversary</w><w ana="#VBZ">is</w><w ana="#XX0">not</w><w ana="#AT0">the</w><w ana="#AJ0">only</w><w ana="#NN1">college</w><w ana="#DTQ">which</w><w ana="#VVZ">bears</w><w ana="#AT0">the</w><w ana="#DT0">same</w><w ana="#NN1">name</w><w ana="#CJS">as</w><w ana="#DT0">that</w><w ana="#PRF">of</w><w ana="#AT0">a</w><w ana="#NN1">city</w>Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 23/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Interpretation group
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<interpGrp type="POS"><interp xml:id="AJ0">adjective (unmarked) (e.g. GOOD, OLD)</interp><interp xml:id="AT0">article (e.g. THE, A, AN)</interp><interp xml:id="AV0">adverb (unmarked) (e.g. OFTEN, WELL, LONGER, FURTHEST)</interp><interp xml:id="CJS">subordinating conjunction (e.g. ALTHOUGH, WHEN)</interp><interp xml:id="CRD">cardinal numeral (e.g. 3, FIFTY-FIVE, 6609) (excl ONE)</interp><interp xml:id="DPS">possessive determiner form (e.g. YOUR, THEIR)</interp><interp xml:id="DT0">general determiner (e.g. THESE, SOME)</interp><interp xml:id="DTQ">wh-determiner (e.g. WHOSE, WHICH)</interp><interp xml:id="NN1">singular noun (e.g. PENCIL, GOOSE)</interp><interp xml:id="NN2">plural noun (e.g. PENCILS, GEESE)</interp><interp xml:id="NP0">proper noun (e.g. LONDON, MICHAEL, MARS)</interp><interp xml:id="NULL">the null tag (for items not to be tagged)</interp><interp xml:id="ORD">ordinal (e.g. SIXTH, 77TH, LAST)</interp><interp xml:id="PRF">the preposition OF</interp><interp xml:id="VBZ">-s form of the verb "BE", i.e. IS, 'S</interp><interp xml:id="VHZ">-s form of the verb "HAVE", i.e. HAS, 'S</interp><interp xml:id="VVN">past participle form of lex. verb (e.g. TAKEN, LIVED)</interp><interp xml:id="VVZ">-s form of lexical verb (e.g. TAKES, LIVES)</interp><interp xml:id="XX0">the negative NOT or N'T</interp>
</interpGrp>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 24/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Aggregating non-contiguous elements
The <join> element is used like <link>, pointing to 2 or moreidenti ed fragments of text. It claims that they could be joined tocreate a new virtual element (the@result attribute). <joinGroup> isprovided to aggregate <join>s.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 25/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<join> example.
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<lg><l><seg xml:id="L1">E</seg>lizabeth it is in vain you say</l>
<l>"<seg xml:id="L2">L</seg>ove not" — thou sayest it in so sweet a way:</l><l><seg xml:id="L3">I</seg>n vain those words from thee or L.E.L.</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L4">Z</seg>antippe's talents had enforced so well:</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L5">A</seg>h! if that language from thy heart arise,</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L6">B</seg>reath it less gently forth — and veil thine eyes.</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L7">E</seg>ndymion, recollect, when Luna tried</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L8">T</seg>o cure his love — was cured of all beside —</l>
<l><seg xml:id="L9">H</seg>is follie — pride — and passion — for he died.</l>
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<p><join
targets="#L1 #L2 #L3 #L4 #L5 #L6 #L7 #L8 #L9" result="name"><desc>The beloved's name</desc>
</join></p>
(from Edgar Allan Poe).Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 26/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
A special case of linking: facsimiles
Increasingly people want to do not just 'text' editions but texteditions with facing page (or otherwise linked) facsimile images.Indeed, some people want to just have images and create andelectronic facsimile (perhaps with a view to later eventualtranscription). The <facsimile> element (a sibling of <teiHeader>and <text> is provided to accommodate this desire.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 27/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Digital Facsimiles
<facsimile> contains a representation of some written sourcein the form of a set of images rather than as transcribed orencoded text<surface> de nes a written surface in terms of a rectangularcoordinate space
@start points to an element which encodes the startingposition of the text
<zone> de nes a rectangular area contained within a<surface> element
Global@facs (facsimile) points directly to an image, or to a partof a facsimile element which corresponds with this element.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 28/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Simplest case: 1:1 mapping with@facs
If a digital text contains one image per page or column (or similarunit), and no more complex mapping between text and image isenvisaged, then the@facs attribute may be used to point directly toa graphic resource..
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<text><body><pb facs="147_13.jpg" n="13"/><div><head>ESSENCE OF PARLIAMENT.</head><p>
<!-- Page 13 continues --></p><pb facs="147_14.jpg" n="14"/><p>Business done. -- The Commons still...
<!-- Page 14 continues --></p>
</div></body>
</text>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 29/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Using@facs in conjunction with <facsimile>, <surface>,and <zone>
Using these attributes and elements together enables an editor to
associate multiple images with each page
record arbitrary planar coordinates of textual elements on anykind of surface and link such elements to digital facsimileimages of them
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 30/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<facsimile>
The facsimile element is used to represent a digital facsimile. Itappears within a TEI document along with, or instead of, the textelement introduced in section 5 Default Text Structure. When thismodule is selected therefore, a legal TEI document may thuscomprise any of the following:
a TEI Header and a text element
a TEI Header and a facsimile element
a TEI Header, a facsimile element, and a text element
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 31/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<facsimile>
The facsimile element is used to represent a digital facsimile. Itappears within a TEI document along with, or instead of, the textelement introduced in section 5 Default Text Structure. When thismodule is selected therefore, a legal TEI document may thuscomprise any of the following:
a TEI Header and a text element
a TEI Header and a facsimile element
a TEI Header, a facsimile element, and a text element
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 31/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<facsimile>
The facsimile element is used to represent a digital facsimile. Itappears within a TEI document along with, or instead of, the textelement introduced in section 5 Default Text Structure. When thismodule is selected therefore, a legal TEI document may thuscomprise any of the following:
a TEI Header and a text element
a TEI Header and a facsimile element
a TEI Header, a facsimile element, and a text element
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 31/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<facsimile>
The facsimile element is used to represent a digital facsimile. Itappears within a TEI document along with, or instead of, the textelement introduced in section 5 Default Text Structure. When thismodule is selected therefore, a legal TEI document may thuscomprise any of the following:
a TEI Header and a text element
a TEI Header and a facsimile element
a TEI Header, a facsimile element, and a text element
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 31/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<facsimile> Example in Context
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<TEI><teiHeader>
<!-- teiHeader here --></teiHeader><facsimile><graphic url="147_13.jpg" xml:id="p1"/><graphic url="147_14.jpg" xml:id="p2"/><graphic url="147_15.jpg" xml:id="p3"/>
</facsimile><text><body>
<!-- body here --></body>
</text></TEI>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 32/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<surface>
The <surface> element may be used to indicate that there are twoimage les corresponding with the same area of the work:.
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<facsimile><surface><graphic url="147_13.jpg"/><graphic url="147_13-huge.jpg"/>
</surface><graphic url="147_14.jpg"/><graphic url="147_15.jpg"/><graphic url="147_16.jpg"/>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 33/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
dimensions
The actual dimensions of the object represented are notdocumented by the surface element; instead, the surface is locatedwithin an abstract coordinate space, which is de ned by thefollowing attributes, supplied by the att.coordinated class:
@ulx gives the x coordinate value for the upper left corner of arectangular space
@uly gives the y coordinate value for the upper left corner of arectangular space.
@lrx gives the x coordinate value for the lower right corner of arectangular space.
@lry gives the y coordinate value for the lower right corner of arectangular space.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 34/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Example drawing rectangles
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 35/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<surface> Example
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<facsimile><surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="700" lry="1000">
<!-- ... --></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 36/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<zone> in <surface>
To describe the whole image, we will also need to de ne a zone ofinterest which represents an area inside this surface. This zone ofinterest can be de ned by a <zone> element, within which we canplace the <graphic>:.
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<facsimile><surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="993" lry="1639"><zone ulx="93" uly="681" lrx="967" lry="1568"><graphic url="147_13.jpg"/>
</zone></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 37/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<desc>
The <desc> element may also be used within either <surface> or<zone> to provide some further information about the area beingde ned.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 38/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
<desc> Example
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<facsimile><surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="993" lry="1639"><desc>Printed page</desc><zone ulx="96" uly="89" lrx="750" lry="657"><desc>Cartoon</desc><graphic url="147_13.jpg"/>
</zone><zone ulx="95" uly="681" lrx="990" lry="1568"><desc>Text section</desc><graphic url="147_13.jpg"/>
</zone></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 39/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
More uses for <zone>
In addition to acting as a container for <graphic> elements, <zone>elements may also be used to select parts of each surface foranalytical purposes..
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<facsimile><surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="993" lry="1639"><desc>main text</desc><zone ulx="393" uly="681" lrx="967" lry="890"><desc>Cartoon</desc><graphic url="147_13.jpg"/>
</zone><zone ulx="507" uly="596" lrx="704" lry="768"><desc>Artist's signature</desc>
</zone></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 40/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Linking transcription and facsimile
...1 give each relevant part of the facsimile an identi er
...2 using the@facs attribute, point from the transcription into the<facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 41/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Linking transcription and facsimile: <facsimile>
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<facsimile><surface ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="993" lry="1639"><graphic url="147_10.jpg"/><zone xml:id="cartoonfacs" ulx="96" uly="89" lrx="950" lry="657"><desc>Cartoon</desc>
</zone><zone xml:id="textfacs" ulx="93" uly="681" lrx="967" lry="1568"><desc>Text section</desc>
</zone></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 42/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Linking transcription and facsimile: text
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<body><pb n="p10"/><div facs="#cartoonfacs"><figure>
<!-- cartoon info here --></figure>
</div><div facs="#textfacs"><head>THE WALKERS</head><lg><l>There were eight pretty walkers...</l>
</lg></div>
</body>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 43/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Pointing from <facsimile> to transcription with@startattribute
It is also possible to point in the other direction, from a <surface> or<zone> to the corresponding text. This is the function of the@startattribute, which supplies the identi er of the element containingthe transcribed text found within the <surface> or <zone>concerned.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 44/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
@start attribute example: <facsimile>
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<facsimile><surface start="#p10" ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="993" lry="1639"><zone xml:id="cartoonfacs2" ulx="96" uly="89" lrx="950" lry="657"><desc>Cartoon</desc><graphic url="147_10.jpg"/>
</zone></surface>
</facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 45/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
@start attribute example: text
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<body><pb xml:id="p10" n="10"/><div><figure>
<!-- cartoon info here --></figure>
</div><div><head>THE WALKERS</head><lg><l>There were eight pretty walkers...</l>
</lg></div>
</body>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 46/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Gravestone Example: <facsimile>
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<facsimile><surface xml:id="grave" ulx="0" uly="0" lrx="355" lry="678"><graphic url="gravestone-cropped.jpg"/><zone ulx="83" uly="223" lrx="272" lry="256" xml:id="line1"/><zone ulx="92" uly="251" lrx="256" lry="282" xml:id="line2"/><zone ulx="21" uly="281" lrx="330" lry="308" xml:id="line3"/><zone ulx="36" uly="306" lrx="320" lry="332" xml:id="line4"/><zone ulx="85" uly="535" lrx="249" lry="556" xml:id="line5"/><zone ulx="97" uly="556" lrx="241" lry="576" xml:id="line6"/><zone ulx="58" uly="577" lrx="281" lry="595" xml:id="line7"/><zone ulx="68" uly="595" lrx="271" lry="613" xml:id="line8"/>
</surface></facsimile>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 47/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Gravestone Example: text.
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<div facs="#grave"><p>Private Moulds' gravestone</p><div><ab><s facs="#line1">12851 PRIVATE</s><lb/><s facs="#line2">H. MOULDS</s><lb/><s facs="#line3">NORTHAMPTONSHIRE REGT.</s><lb/><s facs="#line4">23RD JULY 1916 AGED 21</s>
</ab><ab><s facs="#line5">LOVING SON OF </s><lb/><s facs="#line6">MRS MOULDS</s><lb/><s facs="#line7">PETERBORO, ENGLAND</s><lb/><s facs="#line8">FOR EVER WITH US</s><lb/>
</ab></div>
</div>
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 48/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Gravestone Example: rendered
http://tei.oucs.ox.ac.uk/Oxford/2009-04-galway/facsimile-demo.html
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 49/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Written by Martin Holmes at University of Victoria
Allows image annotation
Saves its les as pure TEI P5
http://www.tapor.uvic.ca/~mholmes/image_markup/
Main window tutorial
Annotation window tutorial
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 50/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
IMT: main windowIMTmain window:
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 51/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
IMT: annotation windowIMTannotation window:
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 52/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Loading and Using Images
Loading Images: File / New: starts new imageFile / Import: option of keeping existingannotations and applying to new image
Using Images: Zooming: scale toolbar box, or Control +mousewheelScrolling: mousewheel (up/down); Shift +mousewheel (left-right), or scrollbars
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 53/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
De ning and Editing Categories
IMT makes you sort your annotations into categories (butwhich and howmany are up to you!)You use the 'category manager' to create categories where youcan de ne:
an xml:id for identi cationa title/description of the categorya colour for the annotation lines on the imagea shape: rectangle (default and only one used in web view),ellipse, cross or spiral
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 54/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Adding and Deleting Annotation Areas
Click on 'Annotations / New annotation' (or button), and aresizable shape will appear on the image
You can resize and move the area with the mouse
The area, when selected, will have a white bounding box --otherwise it will be the colour of its category
The shape depends on the de ned shape in the categoryyou've chosen
To delete, select it and then click on 'Annotations / Deleteannotation' or button -- the associated annotations will also bedeleted
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 55/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Adding Annotation Text
When an annotation is added, it has the last category you used
You can change this to any other category
You can provide an annotation title (stored as tei:head)
You can provide some text (any tei:div content, tei:p default)
You can change the generated xml:id with the ID button
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 56/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Hiding and Showing Annotations
You can hide and show annotations in the annotations window
You can select either individual annotations to display
Or you can choose not to display a whole category ofannotations
This is useful when working with lots of overlappingannotations
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 57/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Creating a "Web View"
As an example IMT produces a 'web view'
This includes a web page, with slightly shrunk image, whereyour annotations appear as mouse-over outlines with boxesdisplaying the annotations
Double-clicking on an annotation area produces a zoomed inversion of the image for that area
This is really just a proo ng tool, but has been used by some asthe basis for annotated facsimiles
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 58/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Punch
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 59/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Two examples
Since Punch has so many cartoons, mixed in with text, the outputfrom the IMT can be used with great effect. For example:http://tei.oucs.ox.ac.uk/Oxford/2009-04-galway/Punch-IMT/p15-imt.xhtml andhttp://www.rch.uky.edu/Pembroke25/IMT/3r/3r.htm uses acustomised IMT Web View to provide both line-by-linetranscriptions and editorial notes.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 60/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
IMT Schemas
It is important quickly to note that IMT XML les are pure TEI P5XML. The RELAX NG schema is available with the installed program,as is the TEI ODD le that Roma uses to generate this schema.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 61/62
General linking, segmentation and alignment A special case of linking: facsimiles Introducing the Image Markup Tool
Conclusions
The linking and transcr modules provides a wide range of tools tolet you describe relationships between parts of your text. If you usethese techniques, remember:
You should work out a naming scheme to assign ID attributes.You will need a lot of them
There are often several ways to do things; use the morespecialized markup when you can to make it easier for othersto read. Don't rely on@type attributes with unde nedmeanings everywhere
Control your vocabulary for token attributes like@type
The TEI only takes you as far asmarkup. Implementing all thisto make a fancy interactive text exploration web site may be alot of work.
Oxford TEI Summer School 2010 62/62