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Neha Rai *, Richa Tripathy , Vikas Soni . Department of pharmaceutical sciences,Dr.H.S.Gour Central University Sagar (M.P.) INTRODUCTION Liposomes are nano size artificial vesicles of spherical shape that can be produced from natural phospholipids and cholesterol. Bangham discovered that phospholipids combined with water immediately forms a bi-layered sphere, because one end of each molecule is water soluble, while the opposite end is water insoluble. Liposome based drug delivery system, offer the potential to enhance therapeutic index of anti-cancer agents, either by increasing the drug concentration in tumor cells and/or by decreasing the exposure in normal tissue exploiting enhanced permeability and retention effect phenomenon and by utilizing targeting strategies. CONCLUSION : Formulations Active ingredients Applications of liposomes formulations Biological activity % entrapment efficiency Route of administration Quercetin liposomes Qurecetin Reduced dose,enhance penetration in BBB Antioxidant Anticancer 60% Intranasal Liposomes encapsulated silymarin Silymarin Improve bioavailability Hepatoprotective 69.22± 0.6% Buccal Curcumin liposome curcumin Long circulating Anticancer 88.27± 2.16% In vitro Flavonoids liposomes Quercetin and rutin Bleeding of flavonoids with Hb is enhanced Hemoglobin - In vitro Garlicin liposome Garlicin Increase efficiency Lungs 90.77% - Catechins liposome Catechins Increased permiation through skin Antioxidant & chemopreservative 93.0± 0.1% Transdermal Colchicine liposome Colchicine Enhance skin accumulation, prol- -ong drug release Antigout 66.3± 2.2% Topical LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY IN T.B. TREATMENT LIPOSOMAL HERBAL FORMULATIONS Despite being an ancient disease, TB continues to be a major health concern around the world. Pulmonary TB is the most common manifestation of TB and the development of controlled release formulations of anti-TB drugs that are either inhaled or intravenously administrated and directly delivered to the lungs seems a possible approach in the development of novel and more efficient therapeutic alternatives. Liposomes are nanobiotechnological systems with great potential to be applied in drug delivery for the treatment of TB. Their use increases the therapeutic index of anti-TB drugs, and they are safe and biocompatible. Various properties of these carriers, including size, surface charge, composition and the presence of ligands, significantly alter the specificity to alveolar macrophages. Therefore, liposomes represent appealing nanocarrier systems for anti-TB drugs and possess large potential for the treatment of pulmonary TB. REFERENCES METHOD OF LIPOSOME PREPARATION BIOAVAILABILITY OF LIPOSOMES Silymarin is poorly absorbed (20-50%) from the gastrointestinal tract but incorporation of silymarin into liposomal dosage form administered buccally can improve its bioavailability. The introduced hybrid liposomal silymarin formula for buccal administration have the advantage of exerting a mucoadhesive effect . LIPOSOME FOR DRUG DELIVERY 1) Blumenthal M, Goldberg A, Brinkmann J. Herbal medicine. Integrative Medicine Communications. Newton; 2000. 2) Xiao YL, Li B. Chine Trad Herb Drugs 2002;33:385. There are several methods:- • 1) Multi - laminar vesicles: • a) Liquid hydration method • b) Solvent spherule method • 2) Unilaminar vesicles: • a) Freeze-Thaw method • b) Micro fluidization method • c) Reverse phase evaporation method • d) Sanitation method 1) Liposome can carry both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic drug, therefore, liposome as a drug carrier can indiscriminately deliver drugs through the cell membrane. 2) Liposome herbal therapy acts as a carrier for small cytotoxic molecules and as vehicle for macromolecules as gene. 3) Liposome formulation can produce sustained and controlled release of formulation and enhances drug solubility. 4) Standardized plant extracts or mainly polar phytoconstituents like flavonoids,terpenoids,tannins when administered through liposomes show much better bioavailability. INDUSTRIAL METHOD 1) Detergent dialysis method 2) Microlludisation method 3) Preliposomes 4) Freeze drying method Drug crystallized in aqueous fluid Lipid bilayer Lipid soluble drug in bilayer DNA
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