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List at least four systems of government and explain each
Pump Primer
CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
CHAPTER 2: FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
God's power encompasses all forms of government. (Is 33:22)
Biblical Integration
CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Learning Objectives:• Identify the differences between different forms of government• Understand the American system of government.• Evaluate various forms of government in light of what the Bible revels about
government.2-1:• Compare systems of government.• Explain how the different levels of government interact• Contrast the parliamentary and presidential means of choosing an executive.2-2:• Describe the United States’ scheme of dividing government.• Summarize the different responsibilities accorded to the national, state, and local
governments in the United States.
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Learning Objectives:
2-3:• Trace the development of democratic principles in both ancient Athens and England.• Identify the Founding Fathers’ contributions to democratic government.• Define and differentiate democracy and republic.
2- 4:• List essential characteristics of a traditional democracy.• Describe the strengths and potential weaknesses of majority rule.
2-5:• List the conditions that contribute to the success of a democracy.• Explain why education is important in a democracy.• Defend the idea that moral responsibility is necessary for the health and strength of a
democracy.
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
• Systems of Government• Various forms of government• Some operate with and without the
consent of the people
(Keesee 13)
CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
government in which supreme authority is invested in one who rules for life
Monarchy
)Keesee 13)
CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Monarchy• Constitutional Monarchy
• Government typically is run by a democratically elected parliament
• Merely a ceremonial head of state• May function along with other governmental bodies like a
senate, deity, or a parliament • Often hereditary
• Dynasty – a crowned prince or princess (one who rules for life)
CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
)Keesee 13)
• Dictatorship• Government acts without the people’s
consent or input• Totalitarian: wielding absolute power
and control• Autocracy: one ruler• Oligarchy: elite group of rulers
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• A state of lawlessness or a lack of government• Theory: people do not need a superior force to ensure that they live together peacefully
• Biblical view (of anarchy): impossible, since humans are inherently sinful
Anarchy
p. 14CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
The Communist Manifesto was a rebellion against the extreme poverty of the lower class.Ten essentials:• Elimination of Private Property• Heavy Progressive Income Tax• Elimination of Rights of Inheritance• Elimination of Property Rights• Central Bank• Government Ownership of Communication and Transportation• Government Ownership of Factories and Agriculture• Government Control of Labor• Government Control of Education• Corporate Farms and Regional Planning
Communism
p. 15CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
a system in which the people participate; political power resides with the people
Popular Government
p. 15CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Democracy• Direct (pure) democracy: people directly
affect the government’s policies and actions
• Indirect (representative) democracy: people elect representatives to operate the government
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Republic• Power resides with the people or the
representatives they choose• America: a Democratic-Republic
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Unitary Governments• Governmental power resides in the
central government• Receives all its power from the people• Creates local government units to help
administer government
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Federal Governments• Power divided among national, regional,
and local governments• Constitution delegates various powers
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Confederate Governments• Regional governments are supreme and
delegate tasks to national government
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Who elects the Executive: the people or the legislature?
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Presidential System• People directly elect the president,
independent of the legislative branch
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Parliamentary system• Majority party in the legislature appoints
the executive head (Prime Minister)
pp. 13-18CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• National Government• Constitution – heart of American
government• Delegated powers
• Three branches: • Legislative• Executive• Judicial
pp. 18-19CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Legislative Branch• Elected by people• Two Houses of Congress
• House of Representatives• Senate
• Makes the law
pp. 18-19CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Executive Branch• President
• Chooses the cabinet• Enforces laws passed by the legislative
branch
pp. 18-19CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Judicial Branch• Supreme Court
• elected or appointed by legislation or governor (CA is appointed & then elected by the people)
• Appellate Courts (Appeals Court)• Superior Courts (Trial Court)• Interprets the law
pp. 18-19CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• State and Local Government• Fifty different states, each with its own
Constitution• Counties, townships, municipalities
pp. 18-19CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
A BRIEF HISTORY OF DEMOCRACY
pp. 19-25
Monarchy (rule by one, called kings)
Aristocracy(rule by the “best”)
Oligarchy(rule by the few rich)
Tyranny(bad one-man rule)
Democracy(rule of the
people)
OligarchyTyranny
Vicious Cycle of Political Instability
PATTERN OF CHANGE WITHIN GREEK GOVERNMENT
Greece• The triumph of democracy did not stop the
constant changes within the government.
• The history of Greece exemplifies the instability of a democracy without a constitution.
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Rome (Republic incorporated democratic principles)• Collapse of a Republic
• Cause:• Abundance of slaves brought cheap labor• Heavy unemployment• Welfare increased• Rich grew richer and poor grew poorer
• People demanded help from the government• Appeased the people with free food and entertainment
• Civil War erupted • Military dictators restored law & order
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
England• King John and the Magna Carta (1215)
• “Law of the land”• Due process
• English Bill of Rights (1689)• Followed the Glorious Revolution of
1688
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
The English Bill of Rights promoted the philosophy that government is responsible for protecting citizens’
lives and property.
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• U.S. Founders• Two major issues:
1. How to incorporate democratic ideas into the new American governmen
2. How to make a democratic republic work in a vast territory
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Democratic Ideas• Opposition to a democratic system• Democratic thinking: liberty and equality• Recognition of humans’ sinful nature• Constitution: sets limits
• Bill of Rights
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
The Constitution limits the power of the governed and the power of the
government.
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• FOUNDING FATHERS US Constitution . YouTube.com 5 Oct 2007. Web. 15 Sep 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXJ-q9Z_n-E
• Indirectly elects the president• 538 Votes• Need 270 to win (Winner-take-all system)
Electoral College
p. 24CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Geographic Scale• Historically, republics and direct
democracies functioned only in very small areas
• United States first to practice it on a large national scale
• Self-government by representation
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Was the United States founded as a democracy or as a republic?
pp. 19-25CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMOCRACY
Democracy has been historically understood to mean political
democracy.
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Majority Rule (first democratic principle)• A majority of the electorate makes
decisions that bind the entire electorate• Two Types
1. Popular majority - a majority consisting of a majority of all voting citizens
2. Representative majority - a majority of elected officials
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Reasons favoring majority rule• Better approach than unanimity• The majority is not a fixed, well-defined
group• Majority rule must account for minority
rights
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
The majority principle must be accompanied by other principles:
Individual equality under the law
Freedom of political action
Shared moral principles
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Equality (second democratic principle)• Political or legal equality
• Equality of justice (Gender, Race, NameIncome, Social Status, Education, or Occupation)
• Equality of the franchise (vote)• Equality of opportunity
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
What does “equality” mean to you?• Affirmative Action• Education: Public vs. Private• Work place:
• male vs. female• upper class vs. lower class
• Welfare: Illegal citizens vs. legal citizens• Medical
CHAPTER 2
• Liberty (third democratic principle)• Personal Freedom
• Freedom of religion• Freedom of speech (or expression)• Freedom of fear • Freedom of conscience• Freedom of association
• Political Freedom• Right to….
• Vote• Campaign• Hold elective office
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Liberty untethered from Christian morality becomes a license
to do evil.
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Necessity of Compromise (fourth democratic principle)
• Sometimes necessary on methods and amoral issues
• Compromising on the truth is never acceptable• A need for discernment• Accommodate man or God?
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Individual Worth (fifth democratic principle)• Each individual is loved by God and
created in His image• Protecting the minority from oppression
pp. 25-30CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
CONDITIONS FOR DEMOCRACY
• Opportunity • To improve economically• To expand educationally• To be involved politically• The issue of welfare
pp. 30-32CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Educated Society• Civic thinking: an understanding of the
political ideas and institutions that shape America’s government, an appreciation for America’s heritage, and an ability to evaluate current issues and national direction
pp. 30-32CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Education is important to the success of a democracy, but
cannot guarantee it.
pp. 30-32CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
• Moral Responsibility• Implies submission to the rule of law
• A concern for obeying God• Provides a standard for judging the
majority’s actions• Determines the limits of compromise
pp. 30-32CHAPTER 2AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
Works Cited
Founding Fathers US Constitution . YouTube.com 5 Oct 2007. Web. 15 Sep 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXJ-q9Z_n-E
Schoolhouse Rock. YouTube.com. 6 Mar 2009. Web. 15 Sep 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oyIFqf3XH24