Note: Over 1200 abbreviations in this list. Updated: 7th
July 2010
Terms Relating to Microsoft Product & Technology:
ACE: Access Control Entry ACL: Access Control List ACM: Application Compatibility Manager ACS: Admission Control Service ACT: Application Compatibility Toolkit AD DB: Active Directory Database AD DS: Active Directory Domain Services AD FS: Active Directory Federation Services AD LDS: Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services AD RMS: Active Directory Rights Management Services ADC: Active Directory Connector ADO: ActiveX Data Objects ADS: Automated Deployment Services ADT: Automated Deployment Toolkit AER: Application Error Reporting AFD: Ancillary Function Driver AIS: Asset Inventory Service ALPC: Advanced Local Procedure Call API: Application Programming Interface APIC: Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller ASEP: Auto-Start Extensibility Points ASLR: Address space layout randomization ASR: Automated System Recovery AVS: Automatic Version Synchronization BCD: Boot Configuration Data BCL: Base class library BDD: Business Desktop Deployment BGP: Border Gateway Protocol BHO: Browser Helper Objects BITS: Background Intelligent Transfer Service CA: Certification Authority CAPs: Connection Authorization Policies CBS: Component Based Setup CDDI: Copper Distributed Data Interface CEIP: Customer Experience Improvement Program CER: Corporate Error Reporting CID: Confirmation ID CIS: COM Internet Services CLC: Client Licensor Certificate CMAK: Connection Manager Administration Kit COM: Component Object Model COM+: Component Object Model Plus CPI: Component Platform Interface CSD: Cluster Security Descriptor CTL: Client Trust List CTP: Community Technology Preview DA: Domain Administrator DACL: Discretionary Access Control List DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model DCP: Data Collection Packages DDK: Driver Development Kit DEM: Desktop Error Monitoring DEP: Data Execution Prevention
DFS-R: Distributed File System – Replication DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DIMS: Digital Identity Management Service DISM: Deployment Image Servicing and Management DMZ: Demilitarized Zone DPE: Developer and Platform Evangelist DTC: Distributed Transaction Coordinator DTM: Driver Test Manager DWM: Desktop Window Manager EBD: Emergency Boot Disk EC: Enterprise Client ECN: Explicit Congestion Notification EFS: Encrypting File System EHS: Exchange Hosted Services EMF: Enhanced Metafile EMS: Emergency Management Services ENU: English US (language code) EPG: Electronic Programming Guide ER: Error Reporting ERD: Emergency Repair Disk ERU: Emergency Recovery Utility ESE: Extensible System Engine (formerly JET) ETW: Event Tracing for Windows FAT: File Allocation Table FDDI: Fiber Distributed Data Interface FR: Folder Redirection FRS: File Replication Service FS: Federation Server FS-A: Account Federation Server FSP: Federation Server Proxy FS-R: Resource Federation Server FUS: Fast User Switching FVE: Full Volume Encryption FVEK: Full Volume Encryption Key GAC: Global Assembly Cache GCW: Get Connected Wizard GDR: General Distribution Release GNZ: Global Names Zone GPMC: Group Policy Management Console GPO: Group Policy Object GPOE: Group Policy Object Editor GSI: Genuine Software Initiative GUID: Globally Unique Identifier HAL: Hardware Abstraction Layer HCL: Hardware Compatibility Lists HCT: Hardware Compatibility Test IBS: Image-based setup ICF: Internet Connection Firewall IEAK: Internet Explorer Administration Kit IECE: Internet Explorer Compatibility Evaluator IFM: Install from Media IIS: Internet Information Services IKE: Internet Key Exchange IME: Input Method Editor IPP: Internet Printing Protocol ISA: Internet Security and Acceleration JET: Joint Enterprise Technology JPN: Japanese (language code) KDC: Key Distribution Center KMS: Key Management Service
KTM: Kernel Transaction Manager LINQ: Language Integrated Query LME: Large Memory Enabled LTI: Lite Touch Installation LUA: Least-Privileged User Account LUA: Limited User Account LUN: Logical Unit Number MAK: Multiple Activation Key MAP: Microsoft Assessment and Planning Toolkit MBS: Microsoft Business Solutions MBSA: Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer MCAD: Microsoft Certified Application Developer MCITP: Microsoft Certified IT Professional MCP: Microsoft Certified Professional MCSA: Microsoft Certified System Administrator MCSD: Microsoft Certified System Developer MCSE: Microsoft Certified System Engineer MCTS: Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist MDAC: Microsoft Data Access Components MDM: Master Data Management MDOP: Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack MDT: Microsoft Deployment Toolkit MDX: Multidimensional Expressions MFC: Microsoft Foundation Classes MGX: Microsoft’s Global Exchange MLGPO: Multiple Local Group Policy Objects MMC: Microsoft Management Console MMPC: Microsoft Malware Protection Center MMS: Microsoft Management Summit MOM: Microsoft Operations Manager MOSS: Microsoft Office SharePoint Server MPA: Microsoft Product Activation MRU: Most Recently Used MSAA: Microsoft Active Accessibility MSDE: Microsoft Data Engine MSDN Microsoft Developer Network MSI: Microsoft Software Installer MSL: Microsoft Support Lifecycle MSMQ: Microsoft Message Queuing MSN: Microsoft Network MSP: Microsoft Software Patch MSRT: Malicious Software Removal Tool MST: Microsoft Software Transform MSU: Microsoft Software Update (For updates on Vista and later) MTA: Message Transfer Agent MTP: Media Transfer Protocol MTS: Microsoft Transaction Server MUI: Multi-lingual User Interface MVLS: Microsoft Volume Licensing Services MVP: Most Valuable Professional NAP: Network Access Point NAP: Network Access Protection NAQC: Network Access Quarantine Control NDF: Network Diagnostics Framework NLA: Network Location Awareness NPS: Network Policy Server NTFS: NT File System NTLM: NT LAN Manager OAK: OEM Adaption Kit OAW: Office Activation Wizard
SMI: Settings Management Interface SMS: System Management Server SoH: Statement of Health SP: Service Pack SPID: Service Profile Identifier SPP: Software Protection Platform SRT: System Repair Tool SSDP: Simple Service Discovery Protocol SSIS: SQL Server Integration Services SSU: Servicing Stack Update SUA: Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications SUS: Software Update Services SYSVOL: System Volume TAM: Technical account manager TAP: Technology Adoption Program TAPI: Telephony Application Programming Interface TDI: Transport Driver Interface TGS: Ticket-granting service TMM: Transient Mobility Manager TPM: Trusted Platform Module TS: Terminal Services TSE: Terminal Server Edition UAC: User Account Control UAM: User Authentication Model UCE: Update Compatibility Evaluator UIA: Update Impact Analyzer UPN: User Principal Name USMT: User State Migration Tool UTC: Coordinated Universal Time UVC: USB Video Class VAMT: Volume Activation Management Tool VAR: Vista Readiness Assessment VDM: Virtual DOS Machine VHD: Virtual Hard Disks VIA: Virus Information Alliance VLAN: Virtual local area network VLK: Volume License Key VM: Virtual Machine VMK: Volume Master Key VMM: Virtual Machine Manager VMRC: Virtual Machine Remote Control VSMT: Virtual Server Migration Toolkit VSS: Volume Shadow Copy Service WARP: Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform WAS: Windows Activation Service WAT: Windows Activation Technology WBT: Windows Based Terminal WCF: Windows Communication Foundation WDDM: Windows Device Driver Model WDF: Windows Driver Foundation WDI: Windows Diagnostic Infrastructure WDK: Windows Driver Kit WDL: Windows Driver Library WDM: Windows Driver Model WDS: Windows Deployment Services WDTF: Windows Device Testing Framework WEI: Windows Experience Index WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy WER: Windows Error Reporting WF: Workflow Foundation
WFP: Windows File Protection WFP: Windows Filtering Platform WfW: Windows for Workgroups WHDC: Windows Hardware Developer Central WHQL: Windows Hardware Quality Lab WIA: Windows Imaging Architecture WIM: Windows Imaging Format WINS: Windows Internet Name Service WLK: Windows Logo Kit WLM: Windows Live Messenger WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation WOW: Windows on Windows WPA: Windows Product Activation WPE: Windows Protection Error WPF: Windows Presentation Foundation WRP: Windows Resource Protection WSC: Windows Security Center WSIM: Windows System Image Manager WSK: Windows Socket Kernel WSUS: Windows Server Update Services WUA: Windows Update Agent WVCE: Windows Vista Compatibility Evaluator XAML: Extensible Application Markup Language XPM: Windows XP Mode XPS: XML Paper Specification XrML: Extensible Rights Markup Language ZAP: ZAW Down-level Applications Package ZAW: Zero Administration for Windows ZTI: Zero Touch Installation
Addendum:
AACS: Advanced Access Content System ADUC: Active Directory Users and Computers AGPM: Advanced Group Policy Management APIPA: Automatic private IP address AppID: Application ID CLSID: Class Identifier DaRT: Diagnostics and Recovery Toolset LGPOs: Local Group Policy Objects MDOP: Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack MHTML: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Hypertext Markup Language MMCSS: Multimedia Class Scheduler Service MS ADPCM: Microsoft Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation MS DTC: Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator MSIL: Microsoft Intermediate Language MSXML: Microsoft Core Extensible Markup Language OOXML: Office Open XML OSPF: Open Shortest Path First PNRP: Peer Name Resolution Protocol RADIUS: Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service RASQEC: Remote Access Server Quarantine Enforcement Client RRAS: Routing and Remote Access Service RSVP: Reservation Services Virtual Protocol SASC: Solution Accelerators – Security and Compliance SCCM: System Center Configuration Manager SDDL: Security Descriptor Definition Language SEHOP: Enable Structured Exception Handling Overwrite Protection SIM: Windows System Image Manager SSLF: Specialized Security – Limited Functionality
SSMSE: SQL Server Management Studio Express SSTP: Secure Sockets Tunnel Protocol Sysprep: System Preparation Tool UACCE: User Account Control Compatibility Evaluator Windows AIK: Windows Automated Installation Kit Windows PE: Windows Pre-installation Environment Windows SIM: Windows System Image Manager WinFLP: Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs WinPE: Windows Pre-installation Environment WinRE: Windows Recovery Environment WinRS: Windows Remote Shell WinSAT: Windows System Assessment Tools WSRM: Windows System Resource Manager PowerShell ISE: PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment
Other Acronyms (non-Microsoft):
AAC: Advanced Audio Coding AC: Alternating Current ACPI: Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACR: Advanced Communications Riser ADF: Automatic Document Feeder AE: Applications Engineer AES: Advanced Encryption Standard AFS: Andrew File System AGP: Accelerated Graphics Port AI: Artificial Intelligence AICPA: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants AIFF: Audio Interchange File Format AJAX: Asynchronous JavaScript and XML ALU: Arithmetic-Logic Unit AM: Amplitude Modulated AMD: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. AMI: American Megatrends Inc. AMR: Audio Modem Riser ANSI: American National Standards Institute AoE: Ata over Ethernet APIC: Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APM: Advanced Power Management ARC: Advanced RISC Computing ARIA: Accessible Rich Internet Application ASIC: Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASP: Active Server Pages ASP: Application Service Provider ASPI: Advanced SCSI Programming Interface AT: Advanced Technology ATA: Advanced Technology Attachment ATAPI: ATA Packet Interface ATDM: Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATS: Automatic Transfer Switch ATV: Assistive Technology Vendor ATX: AT eXtended AUI: Attached Unit Interface AUP: Acceptable-Use Policy B2B: Business-to-Business BAP: Bandwidth Allocation Protocol BAR: Base Address Registers BBS: Bulletin Board System BCC: Blind Carbon Copy
CRT: Cathode Ray Tube CSE: Customer Support Engineer CSID: Called subscriber ID CSP: Cryptographic Service Provider CSR: Command Status Register CSS: Cascading Style Sheets CSS: Content Scramble System CTO: Chief Technology Officer CTS: Clear To Send CVE: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures DAC: Dual Address Cycle DAD: Disk Access Density DAS: Directly Attached Storage DAT: Digital Audio Tape DBI: Dynamic Bus Inversion DC: Direct Current DCD: Data Carrier Detect DCE: Data Circuit-terminating Equipment DD: Double Density DDC: Display Data Channel DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service DDR: Double Data Rate DEC: Digital Equipment Corporation DES: Data Encryption Standard DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DID: Direct Inward Dial DIMM: Dual Inline Memory Module DIMS: Digital Identity Management Service DIP: Dual-In-line Package DIS: Draft International Standard DLM: Distributed Lock Manager DLT: Digital Linear Tape DMA: Direct Memory Access DMI: Desktop Management Interface DNS: Domain Name System DOM: Document Object Model DoS: Denial of Service DOS: Disk Operating System DPE: Data Parity Error DPI: Dots per Inch DPSK: Differential Phase Shift Keying DR: Disaster Recovery DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory DRM: Digital Rights Management DRM: Dual Retention Mechanism DS: Double Sided DSA: Digital Signature Algorithm DSL: Digital Subscriber Line DSP: Digital Signal Processor DSR: Data Set Ready DSS: Digital Signature Standard DTC: Data Terminal Controller DTD: Document Type Definition DTE: Data Terminating Equipment DTMF: Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency DTR: Data Terminal Ready DUN: Dial-up Networking DVD: Digital Versatile Disc EAP: Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP: Employee Assistance Program
EC: Error Check ECC: Error Check and Correction ECL: Emitter-Coupled Logic ECO: Engineering Change Order ECP: Enhanced Communication Port ECP: Extended Capabilities Port ECU: EISA Configuration Utility EDA: Electronic Design Automation EDO: Extended Data Out (RAM) EDPT: Enhanced Disk Parameter Table EFI: Extensible Firmware Interface EGA: Enhanced Graphics Adapter EIA: Electronic Industries Association EIDE: Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics EIGRP: Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EISA: Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture EMC: Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EMF: Electro-Magnetic Force EMI: Electro-Magnetic Interference EMS: Expanded Memory Specification EOF: End Of File EOL: End-of-life EOS: Electrical Over Stress EOS: End-of-sale EPIC: Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPO: Emergency Power Off EPP: Enhanced Parallel Port EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning ESCD: Extended System Configuration Data ESD: Electro-Static Discharge ESDI: Enhanced Small Devices Interface ESE: Extensible Storage Engine ETR: Estimated Time to Repair ETSI: European Telecommunication Standards Institute EU: European Union EULA: End User License Agreement FAA: Federal Aviation Administration FAQ: Frequently Asked Question FAT: File Allocation Table FC-AL: Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop FCC: Federal Communications Commission FDD: Fixed / Floppy Disk Drive FDDI: Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing FDX: Full-Duplex Transmission FE: Front End FEP: Front End Processor FF: Form Feed FIFO: First-In First-Out FILO: First-In Last-Out FIPS: Federal Information Processing Standard FM: Frequency Modulation FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Array FPM: Fast Page Mode RAM FPP: Full Packaged Product Fps: Frames per second FPU: Floating Point Unit FQDN: fully qualified domain name FRC: Functional Redundancy Checking
FRU: Field-Replaceable Unit FSB: Front Side Bus FSF: Free Software Foundation FSK: Frequency Shifty Keying FTP: File Transfer Program GAS: Gallium Arsenide GNU: GNU's Not UNIX GPT: GUID partition table gTLD: Generic top-level domain GUI: Graphical User Interface GXA: Global XML Web Services Architecture HBA: Host Bus Adapter HD: High Definition HD: High Density HDCP: High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection HDD: Hard Disk Drive HDF: Hierarchical Data Format HDTV: High Definition Television HDX: Half-Duplex Transmission HFS: Hierarchical File System HHA: Handheld Authenticator HID: Human Interface device HPFS: High Performance File System HS: Helical Scan HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning HWID: Hardware ID I/O: Input / Output IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IBM: International Business Machines Corporation IC: Integrated Circuit ICA: Independent Computer Architecture ICC: International Color Consortium ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol ICP: Internet Content Provider ICS: Incident Command System ICS: Internet Connection Sharing IDC: Insulation Displacement Connector IDE: Integrated Device Electronics IDF: Intel Developer Forum IDF: Intermediate Distribution Frame IDN: Internationalized Domain Name IDS: Intrusion Detection System IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force IFPI: International Federation of the Phonographic Industry IHV: Independent Hardware Vendor IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol IMP: Interface Message Processor IP: Intellectual Property IPC: Inter Process Communication IPv4: Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6: Internet Protocol version 6 IPX: Inter network Packet eXchange IR: Infra-Red IRQ: Interrupt Request IS: Information Systems ISA: Industry Standard Architecture ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network
iSNS: Internet Storage Name Server ISO: International Standards Organization ISP: Internet Service Provider ISV: Independent Software Vendor ITIL: Information Technology Infrastructure Library JFS: Journalized File System JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE: Java Runtime Environment JSP: Java Server Pages KNI: Katmai New Instructions KVM: Keyboard, Video, Mouse LAN: Local Area Network LBA: Linear Block Array / Addressing LCD: Liquid Crystal Display LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LED: Light Emitting Diode LF: Line Feed LIM: Lotus/Intel/Microsoft's Expanded Memory Manager (EMS) LISA: Large Installation System Administration LOB: Line of Business LPDP: Line Printer Daemon Protocol LRU: Least-Recently Used LSB: Least Significant Bit LSI: Large Scale Integration LUN: Logical Unit Number LZW: Lempel Ziv Welch (Compression algorithm) MAN: Metropolitan Area Network MB: Mega Bytes MBR: Master Boot Record MCA: Machine Check Architecture MCA: Micro Channel Architecture MCGA: Multi-Colour Graphics Array MCH: Memory Controller Hub MCM: Multi-Chip Module MD4: Message Digest 4 MD5: Message Digest 5 MD6: Message Digest 6 MDA: Mail-Delivery Agent MDF: Main Distribution Frame MFD: Multi-Function Device MFM: Modified Frequency Modulated MIB: Management Information Base MICR: Magnetic Ink Character Recognition MIDI: Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIMD: Multiple Instruction Multiple Data MIME: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension MIPS: Millions of Instructions per Second MIS: Management Information Systems MISD: Multiple-Instruction Single Data MLD: Multicast Listener Discovery MMU: Memory Management Unit MMX: Multi-Media Extensions MNP: Microcom Network Protocol MOPS: Millions of Operations per Second MOS: Metal-Oxide Semiconductor MP: Multi-Processor MPEG: Moving Pictures Experts Group MPLS: Multi Protocol Label Switching MPP: Massively Parallel Processor MPS: Multi-Processor System
MPT: Memory Protocol Translator MRTG: Multirouter Traffic Grapher MSB: Most Significant Bit MSI: Medium Scale Integration MTA: Mail Transport Agent MTBF: Mean Time before Failure MTH: Memory Translator Hub MTP: Media Transfer Protocol MTTR: Mean Time to Repair MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit MUA: Mail User Agent MX: Mail Exchanger N/C: No-Connect NAS: Network-Attached Storage NAT: Network Address Translation NBS: National Bureau of Standards NBT: NetBIOS over TCP/IP NCD: Network Computing Devices NCSA: National Center for Supercomputing Applications NDA: Non-Disclosure Agreement NDIS: Network Driver Interface Specification NDR: Non-Delivery Report NDS: Novell Directory Service NEBS: Network Equipment Building System NFS: Network File System NFU: Not-Frequently Used NIC: Network Interface Card NIS: Network Information Service NMI: Non-Maskable Interrupt NNTP: Network News Transfer Protocol NOC: Network Operations Center NOP: No OPeration NOW: Network of Workstations NRU: Not-Recently Used NSF: National Science Foundation NUD: Neighbor Unreachability Detection OCI: Oracle Call Interface OCR: Optical Character Recognition OCSP: Online Certificate Status Protocol ODF: Open Document Format ODI: Open Datalink Interface OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer OLTP: Online Transaction Processing OPS: Operations Per Second OS: Operating System OSF: Open Software Foundation OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSI: Open Systems Interconnection (OSI model) OSPF: Open Shortest Path First OTP: One-Time Password P2P: Peer-to-peer PAC: PCI AGP Controller PAM: Pluggable Authentication Module PAN: Personal Area Network PANU: Personal Area Network User PARIS: Programmable Automatic Remote Installation Service PATA: Parallel ATA PBX: Private Branch eXtender PC: Personal Computer / Program Counter PCB: Printed Circuit Board
PCI: Peripheral Component Interconnect PCM: Pulse Code Modulation PDA: Personal Digital Assistants PDF: Portable Document Format PDU: Power-Distribution Unit PE: Processor Element PEAP: Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol PFF: Page Fault Frequency PGA: Pin Grid Array PIC: Programmable Interrupt Controller PICS: Parental Internet Content Selection PID: Product ID PIN: Personal Identification Number PIO: Programmed Input / Output PIROM: Processor Information ROM PLCC: Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier PLL: Phase Locked Loop PM: Preventive Maintenance PNG: Portable Network Graphics PnP: Plug-and-Play POP: Post Office Protocol POP3: Post Office Protocol 3 POPI: Protection of Proprietary Information POST: Power on Self Test PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol PQFP: Plastic Quad Flat Pack PR: Public Relations PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory PSIPC: PCI Super I/O Integrated Peripheral Controller PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network PTE: Page Table Entry PVR: Personal Video Recorder PXE: Pre-boot Execution Environment QA: Quality Assurance QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QFP: Quad Flat Pack QIC: Quarter Inch Cartridge QoS: Quality of Service QPS: Queries Per Second RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAM: Random Access Memory RAS: Row Address Strobe RAS: Remote Access Server RCA: Radio Corporation of America RCC: Routing Control Centre RCS: Revision Control System RF: Radio Frequency RFC: Request for Comment RFI: Radio Frequency Interference RI: Ring Indicator RID: Relative ID RIFF: Resource Interchange File Format RIMM: Rambus Inline Memory Module RIP: Routing Information Protocol RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computing RLL: Run Length Limited RMA: Returned Merchandise Authorization RMS: Root Mean Squared RMW: Read Modify Write ROI: Return on Investment
ROM: Read Only Memory RPC: Remote Procedure Call RPC: Remote Procedure Call RPM: Rotations per Minute RSS: Really Simple Syndication RTC: Real Time Clock RTS: Request To Send RTT: Round-Trip Time S4U: Service-for-User SA: System Administrator SACL: System Access Control List SAGE: System Administrator’s Guild SAM: Sequential Access Memory SAN: Storage-Area Network SANS: System Administration, Network, and Security SAS-70: Statement of Auditing Standards, No. 70 SASL: Simple Authentication and Security Layer SATA: Serial ATA SBM: Subnet Bandwidth Management SCCS: Source Code Control System SCI: Special Circumstance Instructions SCM: Software Configuration Management SCSI: Small Computer System Interface SD: Single Density SDK: Software Development Kit SDLC: Synchronous Data Link Control SDP: Session Description Protocol SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic RAM SE: Systems Engineer SEC: Single Edge Contact SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission SECC: Single Edge Contact Cartridge SFF: Small Form Factor SFM: Services for Macintosh SGC: Server Gated Cryptography SID: Security Identifier SIMD: Same Instruction Multiple Data SIMM: Single Inline Memory Module SIPP: Single Inline Pinned Package SISD: Single-Instruction Single-Data SLA: Service-Level Agreement SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol SMB: Small and Medium scale Business SMBUS: System Management Bus SMD: Surface Mount Device SME: Subject Matter Expert SMI: System Management Interrupt SMP: Symmetric Multiprocessing SMT: Surface Mount Technology SMT: Symmetric Multi-Threading SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNA: System Network Architecture SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio SOA: Start of Authority SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol SoHo: Small Office Home Office SOIC: Small Outline Integrated Circuit SONET: Synchronous Optical Network SPA: Secure Password Authentication
SPOOL: Simultaneous Peripheral Operation on Line SPT: Sectors per Track SPU: Single Processor Unit SQL: Structured Query Language SRAM: Static Random Access Memory SS: Single Sided SSE: Streaming SIMD Extensions SSE2: Streaming SIMD Extensions 2 SSH: Secure Shell SSI: Server Side Includes SSID: Service Set Identifier SSL: Secure Sockets Layer STD: Security Tool Distributor STDM: Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing STN: Super Twisted Nematic STP: Spanning Tree Protocol STR: Suspend To RAM STU: Streaming Tape Unit SUID: Set User ID SVGA: Super Video Graphics Array SynIC: Synthetic Interrupt Controller TCG: Trusted Computing Group TCM: Trellis Code Modulation TCO: Total Cost of Ownership TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol TCP: Transmission Control Protocol TDD: Test-Driven Development TDM: Time Division Multiplexing TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol TI: Texas Instruments TIA: Telecomm. Industry Association TIME: Timed Interactive Multimedia Extensions TLB: Translation-Lookaside Buffer TLD: Top-level domain TLS: Transport Layer Security TPI: Tracks per Inch TSID: Transmitting station ID TSR: Terminate and Stay Resident TTL: Transistor-Transistor Logic TTL: Time to Live UAE: Unrecoverable Application Error UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter UCE: Unsolicited Commercial Email UCS: Unicode Character System UDP: User Datagram Protocol UEFI: Unified Extensible Firmware Interface UFD: Universal Flash Device UID: User Identification UMB: Upper Memory Block UNC: Universal Naming Convention UPN: User Principal Names UPS: Uninterruptible power supply USB: Universal Serial Bus USL: UNIX System Labs UUCP: UNIX to UNIX Copy Program VAR: Value Added Reseller VBE: Video BIOS Extensions VCCU: Sony VAIO Camera Capture Utility VCR: Video Cassette Recorder VESA: Video Enhanced Standards Association
VGA: Video Graphics Array VID: Voltage ID VIF: Virtual Interface VLAN: Virtual LAN VLB: VESA Local Bus VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word VLSI: Very Large Scale Integration VM: Virtual Memory VME: Versa Module Euro-card VPN: Virtual Private Network VRAM: Video Random Access Memory VRRP: Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VRT: Voltage Reduction Technology VSC: Virtualization Service Client VSP: Virtualization Service Provider VTR: Video Tape Recorder W3C: World Wide Web Consortium WAFL: Write Anywhere File Layout WAN: Wide Area Network WATS: Wide Area Telephone Service WD: Western Digital WEC: Web Extender Client protocol WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network WOL: Wake-up On LAN WORM: Write Once - Read-Many WPA2: Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 WPAD: Web Proxy AutoDiscovery WS: Wait State XGA: eXtended Graphics Array XML: eXtensible Markup Language XMS: Extended Memory Specification XOR: Exclusive-OR XSL: XML Style Sheet XT: eXtended Technology ZIF: Zero Insertion Force
Long Acronyms (non-Microsoft):
ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange AUSCERT: Australian Computer Emergency Response Team BiCMOS: Bipolar Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor CCITT: Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique ccTLD: Country code top-level domains Codec: Compressor/Decompressor CompTIA: Computing Technology Industry Association CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple-Access /with Collision Detect CSU/DSU: Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit DARPA: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DHTML: Dynamic HTML DNSSEC: Domain Name System Security Extensions EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory ESMTP: Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol exFAT: Extended File Allocation Table GFLOPS: Billions of FLOating Point Operations Per Second (GigaFlops) HDDVD: High Definition DVD IOAPIC: Input Output Advanced PIC IOMMU: I/O Memory Management Unit IPSec: Internet Protocol Security
ISATAP: Intrasite Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol ITU-T: International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication LLMNR: Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution LOPSA: League of Professional System Administrators MDRAM: Multi-bank RAM MFLOPS: Millions of FLOating Point Operations per Second (MegaFlops) MODEM: MOdulator / DEModulator MONET: Multiwavelength Optical Network NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association NetBIOS: Network basic input/output system NGSCB: Next Generation Secure Computing Base NMOS: Negatively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor NVRAM: NonVolatile Random Access Memory OASIS: Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards PAL/PLA: Programmable Array Logic / Logic Array PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PMOS: Positively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor POSIX: Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX PPPoE: Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet RAMDAC: Random Access Memory Digital to Analogue Converter RDRAM: Rambus DRAM S/MIME: Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension S/PDIF: Sony/Philips Digital Interface SGRAM: Synchronous Graphics RAM SHA-1: Secure Hash Algorithm SHTTP: Secure HTTP SP Platform: Software Protection Platform SSL/TLS: Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security TRANSISTOR: TRANSformer resISTOR UTF-8: Unicode Transmission Format 8 WebDAV: Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning WRAM: Window Random Access Memory WYSIWYG: What-you-see-is-what-you-get
File Formats Descriptions
AFP: IBM Document Imaging (*.afp) ANI: Animated Cursor and Icon Files (*.ani) AWD: Microsoft FAX (*.awd) BMP: Windows or OS/2 Bitmap (*.bmp) CAL: CALS Raster (*.cal) CGM: Computer Graphics Metafile (*.cgm) CLP: Microsoft Windows Clipboard Resource (*.clp) CMP: LEAD Image Format (*.cmp) CMX: Corel Presentations Exchange Image (*.cmx) CUR: Windows Cursor (*.cur) CUT: Dr. Halo (*.cut) DCM: Multi-page PCX File Format (*.dcm; *.dic) DCX: Multi-page PCX File Format (*.dcx) DGN: Intergraph MicroStation CAD format (*.dgn;*.rdl) DIB: Windows or OS/2 DIB (*.dib) DRW: Drawing Micrografx Designer (*.drw) DWF: AutoDesk AutoCAD 2D Vector (*.dwf) DWG: AutoDesk AutoCAD Binary format (*.dwf) DXF: Autodesk Drawing Interface (*.dxf) EMF: Windows Metafile (*.wmf;*.emf) EPS: Encapsulated PostScript Raster (*.eps) EXF: Fuji EXIF (*.exf;*.exif) FAX: Raw FAX Format (*.fax) FPX: Kodax FlashPix (*.fpx)
