NAME: Gohil Khanjaniba M.Class: MA(Part-1)(Semester-2).

Roll no: 15.

Subject: Literary theory and criticism: The 20th Western and Indian Poetics-2.

Submitted to: The Department Of English,Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University,

Bhavnagar.

ECOCRITICISM, NEW HISTORICISM AND DIASPORA

Glotfelty’s definition in the “The Ecocriticism Reader” is that “ecocriticism is the study of the relationship between literature and the physical environment”.

William Rueckert may have been the first person to use the term.

In 1978, he published an essay “Literature and ecology: An experiment is ecocriticism”.

Green studies, eco-poetics and environmental literary criticism- are forms.

Two seminal works: “The ecocriticism reader” and “The environmental imagination”.

ECO CRITICISM

It refers to the studies of pastoralism, human ecology, regionalism, etc.

In the mid 1980s it spread widely.

Historical movement is molded. Stephen Greenblatt was the pioneer of the term. History text becomes co-text: all forms of documents

flaws with text. “History is that hurts”- Jameson. ‘Thesis’ and ‘Anti-thesis’. ‘What is not taken in the text?’ When somebody writes, he goes on connecting the

dots. “Our memories constructed by us”-Julian. “What we want to vanish it appears to us”-Jameson.

NEW HISTORICISM

Text is history and history is textual. Cultural milieu as a raw material. Text is deconstructs itself. Muscle, mind, media and money-powers.

The term derived from the Greek verb, that means ‘I scatter’, ’I spread about’.

Citizen of a dominant city or state who emigrated to a conquered land with the purpose of colonization, to assimilate the territory into the empire.

The term became more widely assimilated into English by the mid 1950s.

Maintaining some form of attachment to each. It is scattered population from its origin in a smaller

geo graphic area.

DIASPORA

The expulsion of Jews from Europe, The African Trans-Atlantic slave trade, the Southern Chinese during the coolie slave trade.

Some diaspora community maintains strong political ties with their home land.