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LITERATURE TERMSLITERATURE TERMS
Notes on commonly used Notes on commonly used literary termsliterary terms
CONFLICT -problem in CONFLICT -problem in storystory
INTERNAL - INTERNAL - problem inside problem inside charactercharacter
example:example: Man vs. HimselfMan vs. Himself
EXTERNAL - problem EXTERNAL - problem outside characteroutside character
examples:examples: Man vs. ManMan vs. Man Man vs. TimeMan vs. Time Man vs. MachineMan vs. Machine Man vs. Man vs.
SupernaturalSupernatural Man vs. NatureMan vs. Nature
SETTINGSETTING
TIMETIME PLACEPLACE
THEMETHEME
Main idea of storyMain idea of story
CharactersCharacters
Protagonist -Protagonist -
main character in main character in story story
person with the person with the conflictconflict
NOT the “good NOT the “good guy”guy”
Antagonist -Antagonist -
person who person who opposes the main opposes the main charactercharacter
person causing person causing the conflictthe conflict
NOT the “bad NOT the “bad guy”guy”
Character TraitsCharacter Traits
More permanent qualities or More permanent qualities or details about personalitydetails about personality
Character MotivationCharacter Motivation
The reason why he/she acts, feels, The reason why he/she acts, feels, or thinks a certain wayor thinks a certain way
Words that characters speak aloudWords that characters speak aloud
Example: Example: – “ “No,” she cried triumphantly, “we’ll No,” she cried triumphantly, “we’ll
have one more. Go down and get it have one more. Go down and get it quickly, and wish our boy alive.”quickly, and wish our boy alive.”
DIALOGUEDIALOGUE
Form of language that is spoken in a Form of language that is spoken in a particular placeparticular place
Example: Example: ““Pardon me, Gov’ner, but aren’t you Pardon me, Gov’ner, but aren’t you the gentleman what owns the million-the gentleman what owns the million-pound bank note?”pound bank note?”
DIALECTDIALECT
Expression whose meaning is Expression whose meaning is different from actual wordsdifferent from actual words
Examples: Get your feet wet.Examples: Get your feet wet. Eat your heart out.Eat your heart out. Keep a straight face.Keep a straight face. Throw in the towel.Throw in the towel. Stick out your neck.Stick out your neck.
IDIOMIDIOM
Informal speaking or use of casual Informal speaking or use of casual vocab; nonstandardvocab; nonstandard
““Yo. Whassup with my peeps?”Yo. Whassup with my peeps?” I’m gonna sleep over her house.I’m gonna sleep over her house.
SLANGSLANG
PLOT LINEPLOT LINE
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
ResolutionIntroduction
PLOT LINE EXPLANATIONPLOT LINE EXPLANATION
INTRODUCTION ( exposition)- INTRODUCTION ( exposition)- introduces characters and settingintroduces characters and setting
RISING ACTION - gives the conflictRISING ACTION - gives the conflict CLIMAX - turning point; most CLIMAX - turning point; most
exciting partexciting part FALLING ACTION (denouement)- FALLING ACTION (denouement)-
conflict starts to be solvedconflict starts to be solved RESOLUTION - conflict is solvedRESOLUTION - conflict is solved
Point of View - Point of View - way story way story isis toldtold
First Person -First Person -
Third Person -Third Person -
Omniscient -Omniscient -
Character tells Character tells story; uses “I, story; uses “I, me”me”
Someone outside Someone outside story tells plot; story tells plot; “he, she, they”“he, she, they”
All-knowing All-knowing narrator; also narrator; also uses “he, they”uses “he, they”
SymbolSymbol
When When something something represents or represents or stands for stands for some-thing some-thing elseelse
TONETONE
attitude writer attitude writer has toward has toward subjectsubject
ex. Humorous, ex. Humorous, sincere, sincere, sarcasticsarcastic
STYLESTYLE
way a writer way a writer uses uses languagelanguage
MOOD (Atmosphere)MOOD (Atmosphere)
feeling a feeling a reader gets reader gets from a piece from a piece of workof work
ex. Scary, ex. Scary, happy, sadhappy, sad
ALLUSIONALLUSION
A reference to something or A reference to something or someone the writer expects someone the writer expects you to knowyou to know
ForeshadowingForeshadowing
use of clues use of clues to suggest to suggest events that events that will occur will occur laterlater
An interruption to give events from An interruption to give events from an earlier timean earlier time
In In The GiverThe Giver, when Jonas tells about , when Jonas tells about a young Asher mixing up “snack” a young Asher mixing up “snack” and “smack.”and “smack.”
FLASHBACKFLASHBACK
A feeling of growing tension and A feeling of growing tension and excitementexcitement
Present in “The Tell Tale Heart” Present in “The Tell Tale Heart” and “The Monkey’s Paw”and “The Monkey’s Paw”
SUSPENSESUSPENSE
Ideas of a paragraph flow together Ideas of a paragraph flow together and are easily understoodand are easily understood
COHERENCECOHERENCE
All of the details flow together or All of the details flow together or are about one main topicare about one main topic
UNITYUNITY