LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP

March 19, 2012

NES: Newton’s Laws of Motion: Lunar Nautics

Presented by: Rudo Kashiri

Newton’s Laws of Newton’s Laws of MotionMotion

LUNAR NAUTICS LUNAR NAUTICS

Rudo KashiriRudo Kashiri

NES Education SpecialistNES Education Specialist

NASA Langley Research CenterNASA Langley Research Center

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Lunar Nautics OverviewLunar Nautics Overview

NASA ConnectionNASA Connection

Featured Activities:Featured Activities:

- Rocket Staging: Balloon Staging- Rocket Staging: Balloon Staging

- Lunar Landing: Swinging Tray- Lunar Landing: Swinging Tray

- Lunar Base Supply: Egg Drop- Lunar Base Supply: Egg Drop

More Force and Motion ActivitiesMore Force and Motion Activities

NASA Explorer SchoolsNASA Explorer Schools

Mate

rials

an

d

Mate

rials

an

d

Resou

rces

Resou

rces

http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/topnav/materials/listbytype/Lunar_Nautics_Designing_a_Mission.html

Lunar Nautics OverviewLunar Nautics Overview

• Grade Level: Middle SchoolGrade Level: Middle School

• Hands-on curriculumHands-on curriculum

• Correlates to National Science and Math Correlates to National Science and Math Standards: Standards: Physical SciencePhysical Science

• Total project length: 6 – 30 hoursTotal project length: 6 – 30 hours

• Day camp / After-school programsDay camp / After-school programs

• Classroom unitClassroom unit

• Includes master supplyIncludes master supply

Featured ActivitiesFeatured Activities

Rocket Staging: Balloon StagingRocket Staging: Balloon Staging

Lunar Landing: Swinging TrayLunar Landing: Swinging Tray

Lunar Base Supply: Egg DropLunar Base Supply: Egg Drop

Poll AudiencePoll Audience

Have you ever done Have you ever done similar activities before?similar activities before?

A - yesB - noC - unsure

Let’s Pause for Let’s Pause for Questions.Questions.

Review Newton’s Laws of Review Newton’s Laws of MotionMotion

[Use the chat room to respond]

First Law of MotionFirst Law of Motion

An object at rest will stay at rest, and An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion an object in motion will stay in motion at constant velocity, unless acted upon at constant velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.by an unbalanced force.

Second Law of MotionSecond Law of MotionThe greater the force, the greater the The greater the force, the greater the accelerationaccelerationThe greater the mass, the greater the The greater the mass, the greater the force needed for the same accelerationforce needed for the same accelerationCalculated by: F = maCalculated by: F = ma

(F = force, m = mass, a = acceleration)(F = force, m = mass, a = acceleration)

Third Law of MotionThird Law of MotionWhenever an object exerts a force on Whenever an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts another object, the second object exerts an opposite but equal force on the first.an opposite but equal force on the first.

Students will conduct investigations Students will conduct investigations that will include investigation data, that will include investigation data, results, and how the investigations results, and how the investigations relate to NASA. relate to NASA.

Featured LessonsFeatured LessonsExpected OutcomesExpected Outcomes

Which object will hit the ground first if Which object will hit the ground first if dropped from the same height? dropped from the same height?

A.A.Textbook Textbook

B.B.Sheet of paperSheet of paper

C.C.BothBoth

Poll AudiencePoll Audience

Poll AudiencePoll Audience

What do you think will happen if the What do you think will happen if the same experiment was done on the same experiment was done on the moon ? Which object will hit the ground moon ? Which object will hit the ground first?first?

A.A.Textbook Textbook

B.B.Sheet of paperSheet of paper

C.C.BothBoth

David Scott: Apollo 15 Astronaut David Scott: Apollo 15 Astronaut

Geologic hammer

Falcon feather

Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law

An unbalanced force is An unbalanced force is needed to start the needed to start the rocket moving.rocket moving.

Once moving, the Once moving, the rocket will keep moving rocket will keep moving in a straight line unless in a straight line unless it is acted upon by it is acted upon by another unbalanced another unbalanced force.force.

The strength of the The strength of the force is determined force is determined by the equation: by the equation:

F = maF = ma

The faster a rocket The faster a rocket burns its fuel mass burns its fuel mass and the greater the and the greater the acceleration of the acceleration of the gases, the greater the gases, the greater the thrust (force).thrust (force).

Newton’s Second LawNewton’s Second Law

The force will The force will produce an produce an actionaction (exhaust gases) and (exhaust gases) and a a reactionreaction (movement of (movement of rocket) that are rocket) that are equal but opposite.equal but opposite.

Newton’s Third LawNewton’s Third Law

Let’s Pause for Let’s Pause for Questions.Questions.

Featured LessonsFeatured LessonsExpected OutcomesExpected Outcomes

Increase student ability to apply Increase student ability to apply science, technology, engineering, science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and geography mathematics, and geography concepts and skills in meaningful concepts and skills in meaningful ways.ways.

Balloon RocketBalloon Rocket

Learn how rockets Learn how rockets can achieve greater can achieve greater distance by using distance by using the technology of the technology of staging.staging.

Materials per TeamMaterials per Team

2 long party balloons2 long party balloons

Nylon monofilament fishing line Nylon monofilament fishing line

2 plastic straws (milkshake size)2 plastic straws (milkshake size)

Styrofoam coffee cupStyrofoam coffee cup

2 spring clothespins2 spring clothespins

ScissorsScissors

Masking tapeMasking tape

Balloon StagingBalloon Staging

Discussion Discussion QuestionsQuestions

Which Newton’s laws of motion are demonstrated by this?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. All

How might other launch arrangements such as side-by-side balloons and three stages work?

Let’s Pause for Let’s Pause for Questions.Questions.

Swinging TraySwinging Tray

Learn that gravity Learn that gravity acts as a acts as a centripetal force centripetal force that keeps that keeps satellites in orbit satellites in orbit and controls the and controls the path of the moon.path of the moon.

Metal pizza trayMetal pizza tray

StringString

Duct tapeDuct tape

Plastic cupPlastic cup

WaterWater

Food coloringFood coloring

Hard hatHard hat

Safety glassesSafety glasses

MaterialsMaterials

Swinging Tray

Swinging Bucket Give it aWhirl

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion QuestionsWhat do we call the path that the tray What do we call the path that the tray moves in?moves in?

If the strings are held at a shorter If the strings are held at a shorter distance to the tray, shortening the distance to the tray, shortening the tray’s orbit, what happens to the speed tray’s orbit, what happens to the speed of the tray?of the tray?

Let’s Pause for Let’s Pause for Questions.Questions.

Lunar Base Supply Egg Lunar Base Supply Egg DropDrop

EggsEggs

ScissorsScissors

CupsCups

StrawsStraws

Paper towelsPaper towels

Cotton ballsCotton balls

Plastic bagsPlastic bags

Bubble wrapBubble wrap

StringString

Drop clothDrop cloth

Role CardsRole Cards

Masking tapeMasking tape

Round balloonsRound balloons

Egg DropEgg Drop

Egg-Stream ImpactEgg-Stream Impact

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion QuestionsWhat structures worked well?What structures worked well?

What structures did not work well?What structures did not work well?

Poll AudiencePoll Audience

Do you plan to use these activities Do you plan to use these activities in your classroom?in your classroom?

Balloon Staging Swinging Tray Egg Drop

More Force and Motion More Force and Motion Activities Activities

Pop Bottle Rocket — Investigates Pop Bottle Rocket — Investigates designing, building and testing a model designing, building and testing a model rocket.rocket.

Spacesuits: Potato Astronaut — Spacesuits: Potato Astronaut — Investigates how the layers of a Investigates how the layers of a spacesuit protect an astronaut.spacesuit protect an astronaut.

More Activities More Activities

Bending Under Pressure: How pressure Bending Under Pressure: How pressure affects astronauts’ movements in their affects astronauts’ movements in their spacesuits.spacesuits.

Microgravity/Come-Back Bottle: How toys Microgravity/Come-Back Bottle: How toys act on Earth and in free fall. act on Earth and in free fall.

Let’s Pause for Let’s Pause for Questions.Questions.

CollaborationCollaboration

Register

Register

http://explorerschools.nasa.govexplorerschools.nasa.gov

Video collection

http://explorerschools.nasa.govhttp://explorerschools.nasa.gov

Thank you for joining us today.Thank you for joining us today.

Thank you to the sponsor of tonight's

Web Seminar:

This web seminar contains information about programs, products, and services offered by third parties, as well as links to third-party websites. The presence of a listing or such information does not constitute an endorsement by NSTA of a

particular company or organization, or its programs, products, or services.

http://learningcenter.nsta.org

National Science Teachers AssociationDr. Francis Q. Eberle, Executive Director

Zipporah Miller, Associate Executive Director Conferences and Programs

Al Byers, Assistant Executive Director e-Learning

LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP

NSTA Web SeminarsPaul Tingler, Director

Jeff Layman, Technical CoordinatorBrynn Slate, Program Coordinator