--
- Ha nepeKpeCTKax co 3Ha~uueJibHbIMH H3MeHeHIDIMH HHTeHCHBHOCTH
.n;smKeHH51 B TeqeHHe c y ToK, Kor.n;a TPe6yeTC51 nepepacnpe.n;erreHHe .n;rrHTeJihHOCTH
<l>a3, npH HHTeHCHBHOCTH 6 o rree 300 aBT.fq Ha norrocy ;
- Ha nepeKpeCTKax c HHTeHCHBHOCTblO 6orree 1500 aBT.fq B ceqeHHH .n;oporH,
Tpe6yiomwx BBe.n;eHH51 BbI3bIBHbIX <l>a3 no BTOpOCTeneHHbIM HanpaBJieHIDIM, Kor.n;a
nepeceKa10m:a51 MarHCTpaJib HMeeT HHTeHCHBHOCTb Mettee 120 aBT.fq Ha norrocy.
,ll.eTeKTOpbI CKOpOCT H • .D:eTeKTOpbI CKOpOCTH ycTaHaBJIJtBaIOTC51 Ha neperoHaX
nepe.n; nepeKpeCTKaMH, Ha KOTOpbIX:
- cKopocTb He 3aBHCHT OT Mattespos TC;
- OTCYTCTByIOT n o M eXH ( OCTaHOBKH o6mecTBeHHOro TPaHcnopTa, OCTaHOBKH
Ha o6oqwtte);
- )J;JIHHa OT M ecTa ycTaHOBKH qyBCTBHTeJibHOro :meMeHTa (q3) .n;o
nepeKpecTKa He Mettee 200 M .
0.n;HH .n;eTeKTOp y c TaHaBJIHBaeTC51 Ha MarHCTparrH H3 10 - 12 nepeKpeCTKOB.
qyBCTBHTeJibHbie ::meMeHTbI ycTaHaBJIHBaIOTC51 Ha rreByio HJIH cpe.n;HIOIO norrocy B
np51MOM H o6paTHOM HanpaBJieHIDIX Ha neperoHe )J;JIHTeJibHOCTblO He 6orree 400 M.
,ll.eTeKTOpbI COCTaBa IlOTOKa • .D:eTeKTOpbI COCTaBa noTOKa npHMeH5IIOTC51 )J;JI51
c6opa CTaTHCTHqecKHX .n;aHHbIX no COCTaBy noTOKa B paiioHe ynpaBJieHIDI. , c noMOID:blO 3THX .n;aHHbIX onpe.n;eJI5IIOTC51 HHTeHCHBHOCTH )J;BmKeHH51 B
npHBe.n;eHHbIX e.n;HHHQax , KoppeKTHpyIOTC51 nrraHbI KOOp)J;HHaQHH. .D:eTeKTOpbI
COCTaBa nOTOKa ycTaHaBJIHBaIOTC51 Ha ttaw6orree 3arpy)l(eHHbIX neperottax,
Toqm wx OTJIHqaiom:HXC51 3HaqHTeJibHbIMH H3MeHeHIDIMH COCTaBa nOTOKa.
ycTaHOBKH ( eCJIH B CHCTeMe npe.n;ycMOTpeH c6op CTaTHCTHqeCKHX .n;aHHbIX no
COCTaBy noTOKa) onpe.n;eJI5IIOTC51 no pe3yJibTaTaM npe.n;BapHTeJibHOro o6crre.n;oBaHH51.
3aTopoeL1e AeTeKTopb1. 3aTopoBbie .n;eTeKTOpbI ycTaHaBJIHBaIOTC51 nepe.n;
nepeKpecTKaMH, Ha KOTOpbIX B03MO)l(HO B03HHKHOBeHHe oqepe.n;w TC, KOTopa51 He
pa3rpy)l(aeTC51 3a QHKJI H p ac n pocTpaH5IeTC51 .n;o coce.n;ttero nepeKpecTKa, nepeKpbIBa51
Ha HeM ,n;BH)l(eHHe B n o n epeqHoM ttanpasrreHHH. Heo6xo.n;HMOCTb ycTaHOBKH
.n;eTeKTOpOB onpe.n;eJI5IeTC51 Ha OCHOBaHHH aHaJIH3a Bep05ITHOCTH B03HHKHOBeHIDI
3aTopa. f
IIpaeuJia p a 1Mem;euuH qyecTBHTeJibHbIX 3JieMeHTOB
Pa1Mem;euue no T o n y qyscTBHTeJibHbIX 3JieMeHTOB• Haw6orree nrnpoKoe
pacnpOCTPaHeHHe Ha n p aKTHKe norryqHJIH naCCHBHbie HH<l>paKpaCHbie
qyBCTBHTeJibHbie 3JieMeHTbl (MK q3).
y CTaHOBKa I1K q 3 He Tpe6yeT BCKpbITIDI .n;opOiKHOro nOJIOTHa, OHH
ycTaHaBJIHBaIOTC51 <l>HKCHp o BaHHO Ha.n; noBepXHOCTblO .n;oporH.
Pa3Mem,euue no noJiocaM. ITpH pa3Mern:eHHH q3 Heo6xo.[(HMO yqHThrnaTh
CJie.nyrorn:He rrpaBHJia:
- q3 .[(JIH H3Mep eHHH HHTeHCHBHOCTH pacrroJiaraIOTCH TOJibKO Ha O.[(HOH
rrorroce;
eCJIH HarrpaBJieHHe .[(BM:>KeHHH HMeeT .[(Be IIOJIOCbI, TO q3 CJie.nyeT
pacrroJiaraTb Ha JieBoH rro Jio c e;
- eCJIH HarrpaBJieHHe .[(BH:>KeHHH HMeeT TPH IIOJIOCbI, TO q3 CJie.nyeT
pacrrorraraTb Ha cpe.ri:Heii rro Jioce;
- q3 MO:>KHO pacrro JiaraTb Ha HeCKOJibKHX IIOJIOCax c yqeTOM HarrpaBrreHHH,
6oJiee qeM no O.[(HOMY B <}la3e, eCJIH B 3TOM eCTb He06XO.[(HMOCTb;
- B Ka:>K.[(OH <}la3e CJie.nyeT ycTaHaBJIHBaTb TOJibKO O.[(HHfq3 Ha HarrpaBJieHHH,
r.ne B TeqeHHe cyTOK Ha6JIIO.[(aeTCH HaH60JibIIIaH HHTeHCHBHOCTb;
eCJIH HaH60JibIIIaH HHTeHCHBHOCTb B pa3JIHqHbie rrepHO.[(bI cyTOK
Ha6JIIO.[(aeTCH Ha pa3JIHqHbI X HarrpaBJieHMHX, TO CJie.nyeT CTaBHTb q3 Ha Ka:>K.[(OM H3
3THX HarrpaBJieHHH.
Pe~HMhI pa6oTbI ,lJ,eTeKTopa TpaucnopTa
,lI;eTeKTOpbI TpaucnopTa B CHCTeMax, peaJIH3YIOUJ.HX aJiropHTM OOHCKa
pa3pb1BOB. ,lJ;JIH peaJIH3a.QHH aJiropHTMa IIOHCKa pa3pbIBOB c IIOCTOHHHbIMH
ycTaBKaMH yrrpaBJieHMH HCIIOJib3YIOTCH rrpoXO.[(Hbie .[(eTeKTOpbI, pa3Mern:aeMhie Ha
Ka:>K.[(OM BXO.[(HOM HarrpaBJieHHH. '
BbI6op BeJIJiqHHbI BpeMeHHoro pa3phrna T3K o6ycJIOBJieH HeKOTOpbIMH
oco6eHHOCTHMH. Ee 3HaqeHHe orpaHHqHBaeTCH CHH3Y MaKCHMaJII>HO B03MO:>KHbIM
HHTepBaJIOM TC B rroTo Ke HacI>irn:eHMH. ITpHMeqaTeJibHO, qTo CJIHIIIKOM MaJibIH
BpeMeHHOH pa3poIB MO:>KeT rrpHBeCTH K rrpe:>K.[(eBpeMeHHOMY BI:>IKJIJOqeHHIO 3eJieHoro
cHrHaJia. HH:>KHHH rrpe.neJI 0 601qHo rrpHHHMaeTcH paBHbIM 3 c. Ha Bbl6op BepxHero
rrpe.neJia BJIMHIOT HeCKOJib KO <}laKTOpoB:
- CJIHIIIKOM 6oJII>IIIOe 3HaqeHHe 3aCTaBJIHeT ycTaHaBJIHBaTI> q3 .[(aJieKO OT
CTOII-JIHHHH, II03TOMY p eKOM eH.nyeTCH BI>I6paTb HHTepBaJI H3 Ta6JI. 2.3;
- rrpH 60JibIIIOH CKOp OCTH IIO.[(XO.[(a K rrepeKpeCTKY rrpHMeHeHHe aJiropHTMa
IIOHCKa pa3poIBOB c IIOCTOHHHbIMH ycTaBKaMH He3<}lcpeKTHBHO ( aJiropHTM
3cp<}leKTHBeH rrpH CKOpOCTH .[(O 48 KM/q).
Ta6mn.la2.3
% rrer. TC 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 ' 80-100
6 5,5 5 4,5 4
,ll,eTeKTOpb1 TpaucnopTa B cncTeMax, peaJiu3yrom.ux aJiropnTM
ynpasJieunH ,LJ,BH~euneM no Janpocy. AJiropttTM npe,n;ycMaTpttBaeT BKmoqeHtte
3eneHoii <Pa3oI nptt Hanttq tttt 3anpoca H npttMem1eTC5! ,n;n51 nporrycKa oT,n;enoHDIX TC
qepe3 3arpy)l(eHHYID Mar ttCTPaJih. B ,n;eTeKTopax BbI3hIBHoro ,n;eiicTBH51 q3
ycTaHaBJIHBaeTC51 TOJibKO Ha BTopocTeneHHbIX ,n;oporax. Ilptt HHTeHCHBHOM
,n;Btt)l(eHttH no rnaBHOM MarttcTpantt ocTaHOBKa TC Ha BTopocTeneHHOM
HanpaBJieHHH BO BHHMaHtte He npHHHMaeTC51.
Ilptt BoI6ope paCCT051HH51 OT q3 ,n;o CTOn-JIHHHH neplKpeCTKa Heo6xo,n;HM
yqttTbIBaTb cne,n;ym~ee : np tt tmin=8 c paccT051HHe OT q3 ,n;o CTOn-JIHHHH - He MeHee
20 M. IlpttqeM c yBeJittqeHHeM tmin COOTBeTCTBeHHO yBeJittqttBaeTC51 H paCCT051HHe OT
CTOn-JIHHHH ,n;o ll3, TaK KaK BO,ll;H,TeJIH, no,n;'he3)1(aIO~He no BTOpOCTeneHHOMY
HanpaBJieHHIO Ha 3eJieHbIM CHrHan, He OCTaHaBJIHBaIOTC51, ecntt )l(eJITbIM CHrHan
3aCTaJI HX nepe,n; CTOn-JIHHtteM:.
,ll,eTeKTop TpaucnopTa ,ll,T-HK
HaJuaqeuue. ,l(eTeKTop TpaHcnopTa ,l(T-HK npe,n;Ha3HaqeH ,n;AA pa6oToI B
KaqecTBe ,n;eTeKTopa np oXO)l(,ll;eHH51 TPaHcnopTHbIX cpe,il;CTB no ,n;opO)l(HO
TpaHcnopTHOM ceTH B COCTaBe aBTOMaTH3ttpoBaHHDIX ~HCTeM ynpaBJieHH51
,n;opO)l(HbIM ,ll;BH)l(eHtteM.
TexuuqecKne ,LJ,anub1e. IlpttHu;ttn o6Hapy)l(eHH51 TpaHcnopTHbIX e,n;ttHHU: (TE)
- naCCHBHOe ttH<PpaKpaCHOe ,n;eTeKTHpOBaHtte.
T11n pa6oToI - ,n;eTeKTop npoxo)l(,n;eHH51.
,l(anoHOCTb o6Hapy )l(eHH51 TE - 12 M.
2 M no O,ll;HOM nonoce B O,ll;HOM HanpaBJieHHH ,ll;BH)l(emrn.
MaKCHMaJibHDIM pa3Mep KOHTPOJI11pyeMoii 30HhI (K3) - 2 M
,l(11ana30H pa6oqHX TeMnepaTyp - OT - 40 ,n;o + 50 °C.
I111TaH11e - Hanp5I)l(eH11e nepeMeHHoro TOKa 220 B.
IloTpe6n51eMDIM TOK - 30 MA (max ).
IlpoToKon nepe,n;aqtt ttH<PopMau;1111 - ACC-Y ,l(. '
YcTpoiicTBO u pa6oTa ,ll,T-HK. Ha pttc. 2.6 np11se,n;eHa CTPYKTypHa51 cxeMa
,n;eTeKTopa ,l(T-HK.
Ha rrnaTe IIlIK-1 B KaqecTBe qyBcTBflTeJibHoro 3rreMeHTa B flHcppaKpacHOM
.n:aTqflKe MK,IJ. rrpflMeHeH rraccflBHI>IH rrflpo3rreKTpflqecKflH 3JieMeHT, K0Topo1M:
o6ecrreqf1BaeT He06XO.ZJ:flMOe fl3MepeHfle BbIXO.ZJ:HOro CflrHarra IIpfl fl3MeHeHflfl
TeMrrepaTypoI B KOHTp orrflpyeMoii C. CrreKrp rrpflHflMaeMoro MK fl3rryqeHIDI
flCKmoqaeT BJifl.SIHfle Ha0 30He Ha 5 pa6oTy .n:aTqflKa qa.n:a OT BbIXJIOIIHbIX ra30B,
TyMaHa fl BO.ZJ:5IHbIX rrap oB fl o6ecrreqf1BaeT He3aBflCflMOCTb OT aTMoccpepHbIX ~ ~
ycrrOBflfl. I1HTeHCflBHOCTb KOHTpOrrflpyeMoro fl3JiyqeHIDI 3aBf1CflT OT TeMrrepaTypbI
o6oeKTa, ero pa3MepoB fl crpyKTypol IIOBepXHOCTfl, HO He OT ee I..J;BeTa flJifl ycrrOBflH
ocBe:ru;eHHOCTfl. Tio3ToMy .n:aTqflK pa6oTaeT KpyrrrocyToqHo.
TirraTa YTI-1 co.n:ep)l(flT rrpou;eccop, 3a.n:aqeif KOToporo 5IBJI5IeTc5I orrpe.n:erreHfle
HaJiflqf15I TE B KOHrporrflpyeMOH 30He Ha ocHoBaHflfl · aHaJifl3a cflrHarroB,
rrocTyIIflBIIIflX c MK,IJ.. C BeTO.ZJ:flO.ZJ: HL2 flH.ZJ:flI..J;flpyeT rrocryrrrreHfle cTapTOBblX
flMrryrrocoB Ha ycTpoM:cTBO. C BeTO.ZJ:flO.ZJ: HL 1 flH.ZJ:flI..J;flpyeT cflrHarr rrpoxo)l(.n:eHIDI TE,
cpopMflpyeMI>IH rrpou;eccop oM.
I1TIT-3 - flCToqHflK IIflTaHfl5I, o6ecrreqf1BaIO:ru;flH pa6oTy IIlIK-1 fl YTI-3 .
.--------------------------------------..,.--7 -----------·----.------; . I
HL2
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Pflc. 2.6. CTpyKTyp HaH cxeMa .n:eTeKTopa ,IJ.T-MK
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