LNG Bunkering Operations

-Critical Issues

Thanos KoliopulosGlobal Special Projects Manager

Lloyd’s Register

Poseidon Med Stakeholders Conference, Zappeion, 19.11.15

Challenges in LNG Bunkering

• Location

• Infrastructure

• Equipment

• Personnel

• Operations

• Environment

• Regulations

GOAL:Establish the methodology that address the entire gas bunkering supply chain needs

Site Evaluation – Critical Drivers

• Challenges:

LNG Availability

Port lay-out feasibility

Ship service / turnaround time

Safety of simultaneous operations

Operational Protocol

Ensure Port/Public safety

Quality/Quantity Assurance

• Solutions : Established Methodology

HAZID- Lay-out Optimisation

Regulatory GAP Analysis

Safety Exclusion Zones – SIMOPS

Bunkering HAZOP – STS, JTS

Update Port Operation Procedures

LNG Emergency Response

LNG Quantity/Quality Measurement

Major Threats identified, Lack of consistency, Complexity, Local and International Barriers

Studying the Framework

Gap analysis identifying the current international regulation with an extra focus in Greek legislation

Establish reference list of Guidance Notes on LNG transfer operations (SIGTTO, ISO, OCIMF, SGMF)

Comparison between content of different bodies (IACS, EU, USCG)

Establish Risk Acceptance Criteria

Regulatory Framework- Evaluation Process

Piraeus Port – Evaluation Process

Site Survey Team Workshop Assessment

Node 1: Bunker Barge STS OperationsLNG barge route from RevithoussaLNG barge berthing operationsSTS bunker barge operations

Node 2: Bunker Truck OperationsTruck loading/replenishmentTruck approach/port entryTruck positioning /parking

Node 3: Operational ProceduresPort Bunkering ProceduresEmergency Response

Port Limassol – Infrastructure Evaluation

Site Survey Team Workshop Assessment

Node 1: Bunker Barge STS OperationsLNG barge route from VassilikosLay-out suitability (best options)STS bunker barge operations

Node 2: Operating ProceduresLegislation gaps, customs proceduresStandards for bunkering providersPort Operating ProceduresLNG Emergency Procedures (equipment/training)LNG Quality and Quantity

ID Weather Conditions Release rate [kg/s] Hazardous distance100% LEL [m]

Thermal radiation4 kW/m2 [m]

1Typical Singapore day time weather day time

(1.5 m/s, unstable atmosphere and high

relative humidity)

0.5 15 20

2 1 40 30

3 4 80 60

Safety Exclusion Zones – Critical issues

• Safety Zone

• To enable safe control & provide mitigation of hazards• Impact to 3rd parties

• Impact to bunkering operations by 3rd parties

• Determined by Consequence Analysis of Major Accident Hazard

• Risk tolerance criteria to be established

• Consider isolated release or un-isolated (worst case) release

• Consequence Analysis Results:

Complete Bunkering Process

• Repeated for every bunkering cycle

Pre-bunker checklistPo

st-b

unke

r ch

eckl

ist

Boil-Off management

Compatibility & Interface Review

ESD Testing

Berth Vessel

Establish Safety Zone

Notify Authorities

Make Bunker Connections

Inert Bunker Systems

Bunkering (Cool down)

Bunkering (Full Capacity)

Bunkering (Topping Up)

Drain & Purge Bunker System

Inert Bunker System

Disconnect Bunker Pipes

Unmoor VesselTRANSPORT LNG BUNKER FUEL

Complete Bunkering Process

Safety Exclusion Zones – Critical issuesComposition of LNG at Terminal

• Guidelines for systems and installations for supply of LNG as fuel to ships

• ISO/DTS 18683 - (Under development)

• LNG terminals cannot guarantee the composition of LNG as sourced from many providers using different gas specifications. Can only guarantee energy content – Certificate of quantity and quality is provided on LNG loading at bunker barge

• Methane Number is calculated form the composition by any number of methods

• International standard under development:

ISO/DTR 22302 - Natural Gas calculation of methane number.

EN 16726 European Method for Calculation of MN and Energy

LNG Supply drivers - infrastructure & availability

Public opinion

Port significance

LNG Demand

Location

What are the most

important drivers for

your port to provide LNG bunkers in

terms of the port’s

commercial position?

Pricing

Competition

Infrastructure

Traffic

2011

LNG Supply drivers - infrastructure & availability

Public opinion

Port significance

Traffic

▬▬

▲5

▼1

▼1

▲3

▬▬

▼3

▼3

LNG Demand

Infrastructure

Location

Pricing

Availability

Competition

What are the most

important drivers for

your port to provide LNG bunkers in

terms of the port’s

commercial position?

LNG Demand

Location

Pricing

Competition

Traffic

Public Opinion

Port Significance

2011 2015

LR Experience - Designers, Shipbuilders, Operators & Others

Designers, Shipbuilders, Operators & Others

Fincantieri, Davie, STX, Hyundai, Rolls Royce, Veka, Damen, NACKS, FSG, DSME, Maersk, BMT,Princess Cruises, Wärtsilä, DFDS, Meyer Werft, COSCO, Bernard Schulte, TGE, BC Ferries, CMAL, UKMCA, Poseidon Med, IMO, …..

Thank you! Thanos KoliopulosT: +44 (0)20 7423 2794E: thanos.koliopulos@lr.org19 November, 2015 Zappeion, Athens

www.poseidonmed.eu