1 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LNG TERMINAL STOCKHOLMOpportunity for LNG in the Baltic Sea
Trond JerveHead of Business Development Clean EnergyMerchant LNG Europe & Marine
2 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
STOCKHOLM LNG TERMINAL IN A BIRD’S PERSPECTIVE
3 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LINDE GROUP WITH MORE THAN 100 YEARS OF CRYOGENIC EXPERIENCECarl von Linde with first ASU patent in 1902Gustav Dahlén with Nobel price in physics in 1912
Solve the customer’s problem.
Give them the possibility to increase profit, safety
and quality in their business.
Support them to implement new, better technical solutions”.
Gustav Dahlén, 1869-1937
.
4 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
THE LINDE GROUP 2010
The Linde Group is a world leading gases and engineering company
Almost 52,000 employees working in around 100 countries worldwide
In the 2010 financial year it achieved sales of close to EUR 13 billion
The strategy of The Linde Group is geared towards sustainable earnings-based growthand focuses on the expansion of its international business with forward-looking products and services
Linde acts responsibly towards its shareholders, business partners, employees,
society and the environment – in every one of its business areas, regions and
locations across the globe
Linde is committed to technologies and products that unite the goals of customer value and sustainable development.
5 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
EXTENSIVE ENGINEERING CAPACITY
More than 5000 employees within Linde Engineering
Operate ourselves more than 400 various plants within our industrial gas business
More than 4000 production plants delivered to customers world wide:
— Chemical & Petrochemical Plants— Hydrogen and Synthesis Gas Plants
— Gas Processing Plants
— LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)
— Alpha Olefins
— Air Separation Plants
— Cyrogenics & Space Cyrogenics
— Hydrogen and Synthesis plants
— Tank Farms for Liquefied Gases
— Biotechnological Plants
— Process & Refinery Furnaces
6 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
WE SERVE THE WHOLE LNG VALUE CHAIN
LNG carrier
Local storage
LNG receiving terminal
Semi-trailer
Linde ProductRail car
CustomerLiquefaction Plant
7 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
SAFETY COMES FIRST Fire training with LNGLNG is colourless, odourless with boiling point – 162 deg C
4. Invisible fire - no smoke,
low laminar flame speed,no overpressure
6. Water transfers heat – more intense fire
Do not underestimate heat of transfer!
7. Power used in order to stop fire
water to cool down the equipment
5. LNG burns backwards -
flash fire (few seconds)
1. Boiling LNG – 2 m distance 2. Unconfined methane cloud~95 m3 per minute
3. Ignited
8 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LINDE ENGINEERING CAPABILITIES
Complete EPC Capabilities
— More than 125 years of experience in cryogenic plant design and turn key project execution
— For pre-treatment, liquefaction, storage and loading of natural gas
— Small-, mid-, and world-scale production facilities
— Portfolio of own liquefaction processes
— Turn-key project execution capability
— World-wide presence
9 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
CRYO AB – A LEADING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER
Engineering and Project Execution
— Mid-size LNG receiving terminals
— Site erected flat bottom tanks
— Vacuum insulated storage tanks
Design and Fabrication of Cryogenic Equipment for Storage, Distribution and Handling of Liquid Gases
— Semi-trailers for air gases, LNGand helium
— LNG fuel tanks for ships and ferries
— 40 feet tank containers
— Engineered tanks
— Gas supply backup systems
— Mobile equipment for gas turbine testing
10 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LINDE AND LNG IN SCANDINAVIA 1997-2011
Production plants
1996 8.000 ton/y, Gasum Finland
1997 20.000 ton/y, Statoil Tjeldbergodden Norway
2002 40.000 ton/y , Gasnor train 1 Kollsnes
2008 4.300.000 ton/y, Statoil Snøhvit
2010 300.000 ton/y , Skangass Stavanger
Terminals
2011 20.000 m3 import terminal Nynashamn, Sweden for AGA Gas AB
Market
2011 AGA take over Statoil small scale LNG business (Tjeldbergodden)
11 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
AGA WITH FIRST LNG IMPORT TERMINAL IN BALTIC SEALocated in Nynashamn south of Stockholm
• Nearby the sea
• No local gas grid
• New road systems from Stockholm
• Able to supply industrial and marine
markets
12 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
THE TERMINAL IS A SOLE LINDE PROJECT
Storage capacity 20.000 m3 (~ 9000 ton LNG)
Receives up to 15.000 m3 LNG carriers
Initial sourcing from Skangass, Norway
Truck loading units
Prepared for second storage tank and export
First LNG carrier March 2011
Pipeline to Nynas refinery
Truck to industrial customers
Truck to biogas back up plants
Bunker barge deliveries to marine customers
Railroad distribution in the future
Stockholm container harbour (2014)
13 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LNG SUPPLY FROM SKANGASS,STAVANGER
14 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
TERMINAL DECEMBER 2010, FIRST CARRIER MARCH 2011
15 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LOADING ARMS AND BOIL OFF TANKTerminal will be able to redeliver LNG to vessels
16 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
AGA FULL TRAILER – LARGEST IN EUROPEHighly efficient units for delivering LNG to vessels
Length 25,25 mWeight 60 tonTotal volume 80 m³Payload, LNG 28 ton @ 7 bar safety valve
17 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LNG STORAGE FACILITES BUILT BY AGA CRYO ABExamles:LNG station for Stockholm Gas replacing naphtha in city gas gridStig Center LNG/LCNG filling station in Gøteborg
2*250 m³Stockholm Gas grid
70 m³ LNG tankVolvo LNG trucks and vehicle market
18 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LNG ACCEPTED AS BRIDGE TO BIOGAS SOCIETYExample: Boom from Stockholm taxies unable to pick up passengers at Arlanda Airport sincetaxies with diesel and gasoline are not prioritized
Terminal May 2010 Terminal June 2010 – AGA has built the bridge
19 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
BIOGAS DISTRIBUTION
LBG filling
CBG filling
LBGBio methane
plant
5-8 bar
5-20 bar
200 bar
200 bar
20 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division20
LBG/LNG SUNDSVALL, SWEDEN
July 2010 refuelling station for biogas
was opened by the Mayor of Sundsvall,
Sweden.
Sweden’s first public biogas refuelling
station to be supplied by LBG (liquid
biogas)
21 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
VEOLIA, OSLOGarbage trucks on biogas with LNG as back up
22 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
NORWEGIAN NOX FUND
The NOx fund
Supports NOx-reducing measures
Since 2008, NOK 1.8 billion spent
Supported 700 projects
Most measures on ships
New support rates (pending ESA approval)
Up to 80% of cost or 350 NOK/kg NOx for LNG fuelled shipsUp from 75% or 150 NOK/kg
Up to 60% of cost or 100 NOK/kg NOx for SCR systemsDown from 75% and remains 100 NOK/kg
Up to 80% of cost or 225 NOK/kg NOx for other measuresUp from 75% or 100 NOK/kg
May fund LNG infrastructure on a case by case basis
� In practice, most ships, both newbuilds and retro-fits, will qualify for 80% support on LNG installations
“The NOx fund is an important tool for reducing the maritime sector’s nitrogen oxide emissions”
Trond Giske, Norwegian Minister of Trade and Industry
23 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
EU REPONSE IN VIEW OF IMO DECISIONBrussels - Monday 27 September 2010 - Lloyds List
“Brussels puts its foot down over low-sulphur fuel”
After a final burst of shuttle diplomacy, the European Commission has decided: there will be no delay to the 2015 deadline for ultra-low sulphur marine fuel.
“The firmness with which the decision has been taken comes as something of a shock.”
From Swedish Gas Association Sept 28th:
HELCOM introduce Baltic Sea as NECA (NOx Emission Control Area) further strengthening the limitations for NOxemissions and makes LNG even more interesting
24 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
CRYO AB LNG REFERENCE LIST…TODAY MORE THAN 25 SHIPSIt started with Glutra in 1999/2000
25 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
RETROFITS AND NEW BUILDINGS
Tresfjord undergoes retrofit from diesel electric into gas electric operations 2010
Bit Viking undergoes retrofit into LNG 2011
New Romsdalsfjord ferries on LNG
26 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
HOW A CRYOGENIC STORAGE TANK LOOK LIKE
IMO Independent type-C tank
- pressure vessel (9-10 bar)
- no loads taken from the hull
- Inner and outer vessel
- second barrier
Inner vessel
Outer vessel
Vacuum
Perlite filled
Same concept
5,5-3,5m
Perlite
27 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
MATERIALS
All stainless steel (vessels – piping - coldbox)
Mild steel will cause brittle fracture in contact with LNG
28 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
CRYO AB BUNKER FACILITY AT CCB BASE, BERGEN1*250 m3 LNG storage capacity (105 ton)
29 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
LOADING ARMAbt 100 meter from LNG tank to loading arm
30 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
TIDE LNG FERRY IN OSLOVIKING LINE LNG ROPAX FERRY STOCKHOLM-ÅBO
31 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
WHY LNG TO MARINE SECTOR?Tony Öhman, Viking Line in Stockholm Feb 2011
INTERNAL DRIVERS
— Technology in place
— Regulation in place
— Simple fuel system
— No treatment of emission gases
— Strong interest from ship yards
— Suppliers in place
— Competitive price conditions
— Cleaner working environment
— Cleaner engines, less cleaning needed
EXTERNAL DRIVERS
— Governmental funding
— Support from harbour authorities
— Support from class societies
— Support from Tukes/MSB/Transp.
— Industry focus
— Global interest
32 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
ADDITIONAL DRIVERS FOR LNG TO MARINE SECTOR
1) Reserves Oil 55 yrs Gas 63 yrs
2) Resources Oil 102 yrs Gas 961 yrs
3) Shale gas Reduced LNG import to the US, ie surplus LNG
4) Stranded gas Increase of LNG production
5) Quality Quality in = quality out (no SCR, scrubber etc)
6) Most environmental fuel Lowest NOx, SOx, CO2, PM emissions
7) Application Gas can replace up to 30 % of the oil barrel
8) Bridge to future energy Liquid biogas can replace LNG
9) Crude oil outlook “The time of easy oil is over”…..
33 The Linde Group Along the LNG Value Chain.pptLinde AG Engineering Division
Thank you for your attention.
