NETWORKING MEDIA

(PHYSICAL CABLE)

EFRON & JOEL

FNW102 Fundamental of Networking

COXIAL CABLE• All the conductor and wire shares the common excess

• Older tech, isn’t used that much

Central Conductor

Insulating Sheets

Binder

Single Braid

Jacket

RG-59RG-58 RG-6

Computer Networking

Cable TV Satellite TV

• F – Type Connector• Connect the back of the television set

or to the receiver.

• Advantages • Resist to EMI

(Electromagnetic Interference)

• Resistance to physical damage

• Disadvantages• Expensive • Not support fast networking

standard (10Mbps)

TWISTED PAIR CABLE (Unshielded)• Compose of pairs of copper wire, usually consist of 4 to 8 wires• Widely implemented • Support by widely variety of networking standard : Ethernet , Token Ring

Plastic PVC • Inner Connector• Copper Wire• 22, 24 gauge

• When the current past any wind copper wire, electromagnetic field wire is created called EMI

• Twist the wire together so the EMI emits cancel each other

• The tighter the twist, the less EMI experience, hence the faster the transfer data

RJ - 45RJ - 11

NetworkTelephone

Categories Characteristics

CAT 3 • Older• 10 to 16 Mbps

CAT 5 • 100 / 1000 Mbps• Widely implemented

CAT 5e • Enhance of CAT 5• Better crosstalk protection• Up to 10 000Mbps

CAT 6 • Fast broadband connection

Advantages • Flexible• Easy to work with• Inexpensive• Support modern fast standard

Disadvantages• Accept EMI from each other • Accept EMI from other surrounding• Susceptible to eavesdrop

• Shielded Twisted Pair – Reduce the amount of Electromagnetic Interference emits and absorb

Optical Fiber

HOW ITS MADE

Jaket

Protective Layer

Cladding

Central Core(Glass / Plastic )

• Transfer light signal instead of electrical signal• The transferred light represented as binary form• Both ends have light sensitive devices that transfer the light into digital form to process my computer

Help the light rays stay into the central core by bouncing back

Single - Mode Multi - Mode

Transfer light at single ray mode

Very, very long data transmission

Very thin core (10 Microns)

The light always stay at the centre of the core and doesn't

bounce back

Transfer light at multi ray mode

Light dispersed as the data travel, thus data can’t travel

long

Thick core (50 – 100 Microns)

The light always bounce around, cladding help the light

to stay makes the light dispersed

Advantages• Immune to EMI• Not use electrical signal, thus data transfer can’t eavesdrop•Support high data transfer rate at long distance

Disadvantages• Very, very expensive• Not flexible• Easy to break• Hard to configure

Wireless Communications Wireless networks are becoming

increasingly popular, and they utilize a different type of technology.

To receive the signals from the access point, a PC or laptop needs to install a wireless adapter card, or wireless network interface card (NIC).

Wireless Access Points

Wireless signals are electromagnetic waves that can travel through the vacuum of outer space and through a medium such as air.

Electromagnetic Spectrum You can differentiate electromagnetic

waves by their frequency. Low-frequency electro-magnetic waves

have a long wavelength while high-frequency electromagnetic waves have a short wavelength.