Logistics, Transport and International Freights Distribution in the Mediterranean. Motorways of the Sea extensions: The role of the ports Dimitrios Tsamboulas Assoc. Professor NTUA School of Civil Engineering Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Palermo, 18 Palermo, 18 th th March 2005 March 2005 Logistics, Transport and International Logistics, Transport and International Freights Distribution in the Freights Distribution in the Mediterranean Mediterranean Motorways of the Sea Motorways of the Sea extensions: The role of extensions: The role of the ports the ports Dimitrios Tsamboulas Dimitrios Tsamboulas Assoc. Professor NTUA Assoc. Professor NTUA School of Civil Engineering School of Civil Engineering Department of Transportation Planning and Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering Engineering
Transcript
Palermo, 18Palermo, 18thth March 2005 March 2005
Logistics, Transport and International Logistics, Transport and International Freights Distribution in the MediterraneanFreights Distribution in the Mediterranean
Motorways of the Sea extensions: Motorways of the Sea extensions: The role of the portsThe role of the ports
Dimitrios TsamboulasDimitrios Tsamboulas
Assoc. Professor NTUA Assoc. Professor NTUA
School of Civil EngineeringSchool of Civil Engineering
Department of Transportation Planning and EngineeringDepartment of Transportation Planning and Engineering
Dimitrios A. TsamboulasDimitrios A. Tsamboulas 2
IntroductionIntroduction
Good transport connections between the European Union and its Good transport connections between the European Union and its neighbours are essential for trade and economic development. neighbours are essential for trade and economic development.
Smooth, safe and secure transport systems reinforce sustainable Smooth, safe and secure transport systems reinforce sustainable economic growth and competitiveness and ensure smooth economic growth and competitiveness and ensure smooth movement of passengers, goods and services.movement of passengers, goods and services.
The European Union has already introduced a new framework as The European Union has already introduced a new framework as part of the Trans-European Transport Networks, in regard to part of the Trans-European Transport Networks, in regard to short sea shippingshort sea shipping the progressive change in the operational procedure of ports the progressive change in the operational procedure of ports the prospect of realization of the sea motorwaysthe prospect of realization of the sea motorways
MOS are an initiative for better intermodal freight options, relying on MOS are an initiative for better intermodal freight options, relying on integration of short sea shipping into the supply chain. integration of short sea shipping into the supply chain.
Its policy objectives are modal shift and increasing economic and Its policy objectives are modal shift and increasing economic and social cohesion. social cohesion.
Instead of building expensive new terrestrial infrastructures, MOS set Instead of building expensive new terrestrial infrastructures, MOS set out to use what is available in the most efficient sense and with out to use what is available in the most efficient sense and with targeted investments into missing links. targeted investments into missing links.
MOS are a quality initiative and focus on the improvement of service MOS are a quality initiative and focus on the improvement of service quality and infrastructure availability within the transport networks quality and infrastructure availability within the transport networks today.today.
In order to compete with through road transport, the MOS services In order to compete with through road transport, the MOS services need a high frequency and a good quality, and must be need a high frequency and a good quality, and must be competitive on price. competitive on price.
A high frequency of shipping services can only be reached through A high frequency of shipping services can only be reached through freight flow concentrationfreight flow concentration, which , which implies a choice of ports and implies a choice of ports and services. services.
Not all ports will become MOS ports, and not all short sea services Not all ports will become MOS ports, and not all short sea services can become MOS services. can become MOS services.
The MOS initiative thus implies clear choices from the policy side.The MOS initiative thus implies clear choices from the policy side.
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Article 12a of the TEN-T GuidelinesArticle 12a of the TEN-T Guidelines
ThreeThree main objectives main objectives for the sea motorways: for the sea motorways: freight flow concentration on sea-based freight flow concentration on sea-based
logistical routes; logistical routes; increasing cohesion; increasing cohesion; reducing road congestion through modal shift.reducing road congestion through modal shift.
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Article 12a of the TEN-T Guidelines: Article 12a of the TEN-T Guidelines: proposed Motorways of the Seaproposed Motorways of the Sea
Motorway of the Baltic SeaMotorway of the Baltic Sea (linking the Baltic Sea Member (linking the Baltic Sea Member States with Member States in Central and Western Europe, States with Member States in Central and Western Europe, including route through North Sea/Baltic Sea canal) (by 2010);including route through North Sea/Baltic Sea canal) (by 2010);
Motorway of the Sea of western EuropeMotorway of the Sea of western Europe (leading from Portugal (leading from Portugal and Spain via Atlantic Arc to North Sea and Irish Sea- by 2010);and Spain via Atlantic Arc to North Sea and Irish Sea- by 2010);
Motorway of the Sea of south-east Europe Motorway of the Sea of south-east Europe (connecting (connecting Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Eastern Mediterranean, including Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Eastern Mediterranean, including Cyprus) (by 2010);Cyprus) (by 2010);
Motorway of the Sea of south-west EuropeMotorway of the Sea of south-west Europe (western (western Mediterranean, connecting Spain, France, Italy and including Mediterranean, connecting Spain, France, Italy and including Malta and linking with the Motorway of the Sea of south-east Malta and linking with the Motorway of the Sea of south-east Europe and including links to the Black Sea) (by 2010).Europe and including links to the Black Sea) (by 2010).
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Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments
The Commission Decision C(2004) 3618 of 29The Commission Decision C(2004) 3618 of 29thth September 2004 September 2004 established the High Level Group on the “extension of the major established the High Level Group on the “extension of the major trans-European transport axes to the neighbouring countries and trans-European transport axes to the neighbouring countries and regions”.regions”.
The members of the Group include The members of the Group include the the Member States of the European Union Member States of the European Union RRepresentatives fromepresentatives from Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Egypt, former Yugoslav Republic of Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Egypt, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya (as observer), Macedonia, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya (as observer), Morocco, Moldova, Palestinian Authority, Russia, Serbia & Montenegro, Morocco, Moldova, Palestinian Authority, Russia, Serbia & Montenegro, Kosovo, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey and UkraineKosovo, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey and Ukraine
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Purpose of the High Level Group for the Purpose of the High Level Group for the extension of TENextension of TEN
The mandate is to make proposals on The mandate is to make proposals on the better connection of the better connection of the the Union with the neighbouring countries or broader regions by Union with the neighbouring countries or broader regions by identifying a limited set, some 5-7, of major transnational transport identifying a limited set, some 5-7, of major transnational transport axes and priority projects on them. axes and priority projects on them.
Given that financing transport investments remains a major Given that financing transport investments remains a major problem worldwide, the Group would have to be very selective in problem worldwide, the Group would have to be very selective in the establishment of priorities and to look at innovative financing the establishment of priorities and to look at innovative financing tools involving the private sector and user charging.tools involving the private sector and user charging.
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Horizontal Priorities Horizontal Priorities of the HLG for TEN - Extensionof the HLG for TEN - Extension
TheThe High Level High Level Group will identify and make proposals to Group will identify and make proposals to the Commission onthe Commission on strengthening of regional co-operationstrengthening of regional co-operation ensuring technical and administrative interoperabilityensuring technical and administrative interoperability implementation of new technologies like traffic management implementation of new technologies like traffic management
systemssystems measures to improve safety and securitymeasures to improve safety and security
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Principles of the HLG Principles of the HLG on TENon TEN–Extension–Extension
The Group followThe Group follows s two principles: two principles:
defining a rigorous and clear methodology for choosing the defining a rigorous and clear methodology for choosing the priority projectspriority projects
having in mind the concept of major trans-European axes having in mind the concept of major trans-European axes providing an overall framework and hierarchy that are coherent providing an overall framework and hierarchy that are coherent with the trans-European network conceptwith the trans-European network concept
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Guidelines for Guidelines for identification of priority identification of priority axes and projectsaxes and projects of TEN-Extension of TEN-Extension
In identifying suitable projects, the following should be In identifying suitable projects, the following should be kept in mind:kept in mind: International added valueInternational added value Network character of the exerciseNetwork character of the exercise Quality characterQuality character Viability and CredibilityViability and Credibility Avoidance of unacceptable distortions of competitionsAvoidance of unacceptable distortions of competitions FinancingFinancing
Extensions Extensions from France / Spain / Italy / Greece / from France / Spain / Italy / Greece / Cyprus Cyprus towards East Mediterraneantowards East Mediterranean
Extensions Extensions from Italy / Greece from Italy / Greece towards towards EEast Mediterraneanast Mediterranean
Extensions towards Extensions towards from Eastern Mediterranean from Eastern Mediterranean towards towards the Black Seathe Black Sea
Greece as a hub for MOS at Eastern Mediterranean
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Role of the PortsRole of the Ports
PortsPorts increaseincrease the efficiency of the European transport the efficiency of the European transport
systemsystem encourageencourage growth of intra-EU trade and trade with growth of intra-EU trade and trade with
third countriesthird countries overcomeovercome congestion of the main land-corridors congestion of the main land-corridors enhanceenhance maritime links with island and peripheral maritime links with island and peripheral
regionsregions strengthenstrengthen the multimodal aspect of the TEN-T the multimodal aspect of the TEN-T
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Role of the PortsRole of the Ports
Ports act as Ports act as nodal pointsnodal points for for logistical transport chainslogistical transport chains intermodal transportintermodal transport
Ports integrate Ports integrate Land transport infrastructureLand transport infrastructure Transport related services and shipsTransport related services and ships Maritime transport and any other land transport modeMaritime transport and any other land transport mode
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Role of the PortsRole of the Ports
Ports have a Ports have a strategic role as industrial and logistic platforms strategic role as industrial and logistic platforms and as part of the motorways of the sea concept.and as part of the motorways of the sea concept.
Ports are the connecting infrastructure for Community Ports are the connecting infrastructure for Community initiatives. However …initiatives. However …
It is essential that It is essential that Motorways of the Sea Motorways of the Sea projects do not projects do not
taketake a away way traffictraffic from existing ports and service from existing ports and services s
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Financing Motorways of the SeaFinancing Motorways of the Sea
Funding transport investments is a difficult issue Funding transport investments is a difficult issue worldwide. Public funds being limited, innovative funding worldwide. Public funds being limited, innovative funding solutions, such as user charges and public private solutions, such as user charges and public private partnerships, have to be examined.partnerships, have to be examined.
Motorways of the Sea currently constitute the most Motorways of the Sea currently constitute the most important new development in the sphere of important new development in the sphere of intermodal intermodal and maritime transport and maritime transport since they are expected to attract since they are expected to attract financing from several sources. financing from several sources.
Community assistance and cooperation is delivered through Community assistance and cooperation is delivered through a range of regional instrumentsa range of regional instruments - Regional Funds - Regional Funds the arrangements set out for the European Development Fund the arrangements set out for the European Development Fund ((EDFEDF)) thematic instruments (for example the European Initiative for Democracy thematic instruments (for example the European Initiative for Democracy
and Human Rights) and Human Rights) Other Community funds - Cohesion FundsOther Community funds - Cohesion Funds TEN-T: funding for the infrastructure sideTEN-T: funding for the infrastructure side State AidState Aid Marco Polo …Marco Polo …
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Marco PoloMarco Polo
TheThe current Marco Polo programme does not current Marco Polo programme does not define preciselydefine precisely a motorway of the sea actiona motorway of the sea action
However, However, the service-related costs ofthe service-related costs of such a such a project can be supported under the Marco Polo project can be supported under the Marco Polo programme, as far as itprogramme, as far as it relates to modal shift.relates to modal shift. The The programme may only beprogramme may only be able to fund one or able to fund one or two good motorways of the sea initiatives within two good motorways of the sea initiatives within the timethe time horizon 2006horizon 2006..
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Marco PoloMarco Polo
In Marco Polo IIIn Marco Polo II, the Commission has introduced , the Commission has introduced a specifica specific action type “Motorways of the Sea”.action type “Motorways of the Sea”.
As a general rule, where an infrastructure or a As a general rule, where an infrastructure or a facility is funded under the TEN-Tfacility is funded under the TEN-T programme, programme, funding under the Marco Polo programme will be funding under the Marco Polo programme will be excluded for suchexcluded for such items.items.
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Introduction of new financial instrumentsIntroduction of new financial instruments
The Commission proposed in October 2004 to replace The Commission proposed in October 2004 to replace these by six instruments, three of which are designed to these by six instruments, three of which are designed to implement particular policies, and three to provide the implement particular policies, and three to provide the necessary response to particular geographical interests and necessary response to particular geographical interests and needs. needs.
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Introduction of new financial instrumentsIntroduction of new financial instruments Instrument for transition and pre-accessionInstrument for transition and pre-accession
TThe instrument will cover candidate countries (Turkey and he instrument will cover candidate countries (Turkey and Croatia) and potential candidate countries (the Western Balkans) Croatia) and potential candidate countries (the Western Balkans) and is driven by the accession and pre-accession framework.and is driven by the accession and pre-accession framework.
European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument, covering European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument, covering Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestinian Authority of the West Bank and Gaza Lebanon, Libya, Palestinian Authority of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Moldova, Morocco, Russian Federation, Syria, Tunisia, Ukraine.Strip, Moldova, Morocco, Russian Federation, Syria, Tunisia, Ukraine.
Development Cooperation and Economic Cooperation InstrumentDevelopment Cooperation and Economic Cooperation Instrument Instrument for StabilityInstrument for Stability Humanitarian aid regulationHumanitarian aid regulation Macro economic assistance mechanismMacro economic assistance mechanism
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IInternational financing institutionsnternational financing institutions for the for the neighbouring countriesneighbouring countries
In the neighbouring countries of the EUIn the neighbouring countries of the EU the the funding transport infrastructure investments funding transport infrastructure investments are based on are based on the European Investment Bank (EIB) the European Investment Bank (EIB) the International Financing Institutions, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development the International Financing Institutions, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(EBRD) (EBRD) the World Bank the World Bank
Following the Barcelona European Council in 2002, a reinforced investment mechanismFollowing the Barcelona European Council in 2002, a reinforced investment mechanism in favour of in favour of the Mediterranean region was also set up within the EIB.the Mediterranean region was also set up within the EIB.
The extension of the EIB’s lending mandate to cover Russia as well as Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova The extension of the EIB’s lending mandate to cover Russia as well as Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova is currently being discussed.is currently being discussed.
The two-step identification and prioritisation process of the High Level Group would be useful to the The two-step identification and prioritisation process of the High Level Group would be useful to the countries as a necessary phase in increasing the capacity of attracting funds from the EIB and countries as a necessary phase in increasing the capacity of attracting funds from the EIB and International Financing Institutions for the selected priority projects.International Financing Institutions for the selected priority projects.
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ConclusionsConclusions
The opening of new regular routes of The opening of new regular routes of imtermodal and imtermodal and maritime transport maritime transport linking the EU with its neighbours will linking the EU with its neighbours will bring mutual benefits. bring mutual benefits.
Motorways Motorways of the sea, of the sea, will will link quickly and effectively a link quickly and effectively a limited number of ports. limited number of ports.
The “motorways of the sea” concept aims at introducing The “motorways of the sea” concept aims at introducing new intermodal maritime-basenew intermodal maritime-based d logistics chains in logistics chains in Europe, which will bring about a structural change in our Europe, which will bring about a structural change in our transporttransport organisation within the next years to come. organisation within the next years to come.
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ConclusionsConclusions
Motorways of the seaMotorways of the sea will thus improve access to will thus improve access to markets throughout Europe, and bring relief to our markets throughout Europe, and bring relief to our overstretchedoverstretched European road system. European road system.
For this purpose, fuller use will have to be made For this purpose, fuller use will have to be made notnot only of our maritime transport resources, but only of our maritime transport resources, but also of our potential in rail and inlandalso of our potential in rail and inland waterway, as waterway, as part of an integrated transport chain.part of an integrated transport chain.
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Proposal – An innovative Pilot ActionProposal – An innovative Pilot Action
• Combines all criteria set out for the development of MOSCombines all criteria set out for the development of MOS– Regions of EuropeRegions of Europe– Regions eligible for the MEDA fundingRegions eligible for the MEDA funding– All modes of transportAll modes of transport– International added valueInternational added value– GrowthGrowth of intra-EU trade and trade with third countries of intra-EU trade and trade with third countries– Overcoming of Overcoming of congestion of the main land-corridorscongestion of the main land-corridors– Strengthening of regional co-operationStrengthening of regional co-operation
