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Looking at social movements against the backdrop of economic and political revolutions
1820-1860
Religion and Reform
To what extent did societal changes between 1820 and 1860 increase the practice of liberty?Essential Question
For each topic we will develop a topic sentence related to our focus question.
After we discuss evidence, we will decide which evidence fits depending upon our argument.
[class divided into three groups: great increase, only moderate increase and decline in practice]
Looking at evidence to develop an argument
How did American manufacturers compete w/ Britain?
How did industry compete with artisan republicanism?
What was the role of state and national gov’t in transportation?
What were the different types of cities?What were the defining characteristics of new
social classes?
Review of Economic Revolutions
Regional divideDemocratic participationPolitical partiesRepublicanism v. DemocracyRole of Central Gov’t
What were the principal political changes between 1820 and 1840?
Individualism How did
transcendentalists promote ideas of “radical freedom”?Puritan and
Protestant idealsNature and
IndividualismRejection of
tradition
The “first” American Literary traditionThoreauFullerWhitmanHawthorneMelville
Rural CommunalismShakersFourierismOneida CommunityMormonism
Oneida Mansion 1828
Urban CultureContrasting with
communalism?
Results of economic evolution?
Results of immigrant/migrant infusion?
Sex and Prostitution
Popular EntertainmentLive action, fightsTheatreMinstrel shows
NativismEscape from racism
http://
How were these
cultures different
from the
mainstream
culture
described in Ch.
8 & 9?
Rural & Urban divide?
Shakers
Pittsburgh 1830
AbolitionismSlavery contrary to
republicanismImmoral (2nd Great
Awakening)
UpliftEducationTemperanceHard work
Northern ReactionsProtestsRiotsInherent racism
David Walker (MA)Nat Turner (VA)Northern Evangelicals
GarrisonWeldeGrimke
Evidence of Popularity of AbolitionismRural/Urban SupportAnti-Slavery SocietyCommunicationUnderground Railroad
**10% avid abolitionists in North…
Don’t forget that northerners did NOT necess. See blacks as equals…
Anti-abolitionismAttack on slavery =
attack on all property“Societal institutions
would be overthrown”Racial fears led to mob
violenceSouth banned
abolitionistsGov’t enforce anti-
abolition
Clergy opposed women’s involvementGarrison-exception
American & Foreign Anti-slavery Society
Opposition to Abolitionism
Divisions within Mvt
Religious Revivals & New Econ Independ.Gender rolesWorkers’ rightsAbolitionEquality for womenPrison reformSuffrage
Women as Reformers
Economic Influence
More libertyWomen’s
independenceUrban collectivism
TemperanceAbolition-states’
rightsAbolition-property
rights
Examining the evidence
Limits on liberty
What were the societal changes that caused the limits or expansions of liberty?Add notations to your chart from the previous slide.
To what extent did societal changes between 1820 and 1860 increase the practice of liberty?Essential Question
Individualism and Transcendentalism expanded the liberty of thought with writing…
Topic Sentences should connect the focus to the topic of the paragraph