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7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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Prepared for
L I, WA
Submied By
J K* | A B | H B | J B
Ry C | Ax G | K G | N H | A L
D S | P Yg | C G | C G
T My I I S
My, CA. My 2012.
G Dg y A B. A g y .
*Cg (j@g.)
LOPEZ ISLAND 2025sustainable transformations for resilience
7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary
Ky D
I
Transportation
C P
Vg: S T O C A
P P & R F
P S & R
Vg: jRIDESHARE Pg
Vg: Pv R L
Cg R
Agriculture and Water
C P
Vg: J F
Vg: W Sy LP P & R F
P S & R
Vg: S&S H F
Cg R
Waste
C P
P P A R F
P S R
Vg: S My Sg F
Cg R
4
5
7
8
14
16
25
26
28
33
46
47
48
51
55
5961
63
73
74
75
76
79
80
88
89
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
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3 -- -- -- -- --
Electricity and Heating
C P
Vg: R S
P P A R F
Vg: Cy SP S R
Vg: C G
Cg R
Conclusion
Mx P S
R Iv
I A
Appendices
B R O S L-S A
L S D B F O
A P L Egy R
Notes
90
91
97
99
101102
109
110
111
112
114
114
116
117
124
125
129
...
...
...
...
...
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...
...
...
...
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...
...
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4
Acknowledgments
T v gy, , g, vy y
v, vy g. Sy B, R M, F V D P, V D,
Dg P, B C, CB H, C A, T C, Dv Z, Tq E, N H-
v g g L I. W
W A, R B, A B, Pggy B, Z Bg, MR B, T C,
V D, A Dy, S Fy, B Kv, R My, D My, Dy P, Dg P,
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, S J Pv T SG F g g vg
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M, P Py, S D Ry, K Yv gy v
g g y , y g.
7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
L I, y 2,800 Pg S, .
T g 2025 ,
jy, y y. W gg , y,
g , y g y L I,
v .
A g vv v y y, gg
gg L g -
y x v -y, y, y. W v vv
y . O y xv g -
v L I, y y
g v v L x.
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6 -- -- -- -- --
Rgg y , gg , -
x, v y g
. P y,
y g v y, y, y
y vy
Host seasonal community events to promote local agriculture
Localize the waste collecon system
Collect and distribute treated sewage water from the Fisherman Bay sewage district for use
in select crop irrigaon
Create an energy interest group
Create a value-add communal industrial kitchen
Conduct a transportaon infrastructure climate change vulnerability assessment
Implement Lopez Rocks & Rolls an informal rideshare program
Improve bicycling infrastructure
Promote local farmers through educaonal campaigns
Parcipate in OPALCOs MORE program
Conduct a solar resource site assessment
Take advantage of Energy Eciency Snapshots from OPALCO
Use available nancing for energy eciency improvements
Build a co-op greenhouse
Conserve energy and shi usage away from peak hours
Increase the share of hybrid vehicles on the island
Form a local agriculture advisory commiee
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
W g y y L I: transportaon; agriculture and water;
waste; electricity and heang. W j , 17 L-
g 2025
jy. I v y, y,
y, 17 :
7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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7
KEY DEFINITIONS
Sustainable Transformaons for ResilienceA x g g , -
g j q vgg yg v y,
y g, q , g . W g
v g j . T -
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g g y ,
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gy x g g gg, g g
, , .
Culture, Heritage, and Tradion
W g L I y, , g,
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L
gv y.
Resilience and AdaptabilityTg ,
y y, y, g-g , y, y
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7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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8
INTRODUCTION
AN ISLAND FOCUS...W v q g v
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Figure 1:
Age prole of Lopex Island.
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9 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
L, ggg g L g
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16
Wg. T y
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...IN A GLOBAL CONTEXTT 21 y v g,
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Figure 2:
Age Category Comparison.
7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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10 -- -- -- -- --
Rv v 200 y g. I -
y v ,
g, g, . H
y v -
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g. I x g g
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These shis are already underway. T, x-
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8 1900 [10], g g
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[11]. U
CO2
v
[12]. T v v g g
v 30 y g [13]. T 10 y
1880 v
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x, T W F, y H C-
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The world stands on the verge of global economic
change. B, I, C v g
US E U ,
g- ([15]: A M
CTO M P C) g-v
v ([16]: I Sy R
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([17]: B y -
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y (S, x, M v My
y NOVA). T E
y g
E
g vy g. A
y g
v [18] vg
[19] y. Oq
OPEC v [20],
yg x,, g [21]
v g
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Communies are already mobilizing in the face of
these global paradigm shis.Ov 500 -vg
v -
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x g y [22].
H g vy v
g y g [23]. C v ggv g
g (, x: [24] [25] [26]).
A - y gg
(, x,
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gy y 2050, C C I
j N S). T
v y y v y
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Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
GUIDED BY PRIOR RESEARCHExv - y-
, v , g
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I S J Cy. T I Ev-
R E P N-
Egy I C: A 10-y
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11 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
P v g y
y y gy
L I g v
v y. I
1998, S J Cy Cy Dv
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7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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12 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
y- , y g,
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SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSISL I yy, y,
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2025 g
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7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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13 -- -- -- -- --
vg L,
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Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
. Nx, y
g
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T r a n s p o r t a t i o n
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15 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Ey L g , vg , , ,
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[27]. T v
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Fuel Tanker
SOURCE: hp://2.bp.blogspot.
com/_4WUPg88IbTU/S90FjA-q6UI/
AAAAAAAAABo/63CcKoJcmfc/
s1600/
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17 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
g $4.25 (
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18 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
, g y gy g -
v [31].
Public Transportaon
L y gy
v L v y. T
y
v y . T L
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v y
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v [33].
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L .
P g vy
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v:
Shule service between the ferry terminal and
Lopez village
Year-round small bus service islandwide
Subsidized taxi service for medical appoint-ments and errands, serving low income se-
niors and mobility-constrained individuals
More frequent o-island Senior Center van
trips for these purposes
Allow broader use of the Senior Center vans
>
>
>
>
>
S ,
-
v gg
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.
Commercial Transportaon
T v g, -
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)
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L, LVM g vg 2 -
, v ,
x v LVM
[34].
LVM g , vgg 450
500 g y g y -
g 600 700 g y g
7/25/2019 Lopez Island: Case Study in Transitioning to A Sustainable Community
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19 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
. A q
190,000 g. D
v. D g
g L, M.
Dy . H
y .
R F, ,
LVM g [34].
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Cy. S J Cy L
T S y
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T S v, y -
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ggg 40 y -
v y O I
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T S 432
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Ag, Og, 350 y. Cg
y W Mg
y Wv, S [35].
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B O I, y gy
L v y O [35]. T -
g y S J
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g y. T W
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g . L S & Gv
7,000 8,000 y y, g
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gv $78,000. L S & Gv
40,000 g y
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20 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
R F .
T v y -
g g g
[36]. T W -
L S & Gv .
T L I S D
-
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5,800-g v
S D g.
Pg S D y gy v . T S D-
g
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v y
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[37].
A g v, U.S. P
Sv v y
y [38]. UPS, F Ex, -
vy v v L gy
g x y g.
AIR TRANSPORTATIONAv v
g S J I 1940.T P L L A
v g
v. L A -
y v , , -
, . I 2010
18,250 , -
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21 -- -- -- -- --
. Pv g j -
v 28 [29]. Pv
jy . O ,
v y
[39].
F L g v, K-
A v y g
I R F By [40]. S
J A g g Bg
A [41] I A v -
, , g L
[42]. F gy , A
N v v L
[43].
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
WSF v
- v v. T g-
y v y 6 y
g $30 -y $100 g g [45]. Hv,
v jy WSF v
.
WSF y gy v -
v (L, S, O, S J) -
q g A. T g
g y y, -
g vy
WSF x v v. T
g g - . Cy,
v x L
y . Hv, v
v A [46],
v
SOURCE: Port of Lopez
(hp://www.portoopez.com/index.htm)
WATER TRANSPORTATION
M L - Wg S Fy (WSF), v
, , - v,
x v. I Ex S
J I x v S J
I [44]. R v -
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22 -- -- -- -- --
y v. Ex
y y g Sg 2012 WSF
Sg T [46,
47]. O vg, 5 6 jy
L q v y -
, jy L qg 25
g , g . Tv-
A I-5 v
g
M P [47]. B A S v
g x:
A 50
y v v
A y
[48].
WSF v q
v g y
v y. T q
g y. D q y, y
x
g v
g . T L
y ,
g
. B , WSF v y
[46]. WSF y
v y v -
.
S L g -
WSF g v- g
g - g; ,
y v x-
v g. T 1 ( x g) -
W 2012 .W 72- g
v -, -v ,
y g A
$10 y $40 v y [46].
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
SOURCE: IBike USA/Canada
(hp://ibike.org/ibike/salish/
essay/5-San%20Juan%20Island.
htm)
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23 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
$12.05 W-
$14.05 W- y
$15.45 My
$26.15 Dv 14 v
$29.00 Dv 22 v
Price Passenger type
I 2011, A-L y g -
150,348 v, 106,924 v -
g, 37,194 g [49]. T g
L y
, 2008 Wg-
S T C vy
A/S J y xy.
Ag vy, v g-
y y , g y 109
. A 90 g
g
. R y
34
63 . I
63 g -
y [50].
B 2011 v v
g y ,
- L -
, L
70,000 y v 2011. I
L 1,500,
vg 3.9 y
v 2011. T -
y g
- , vy g L. My L
vy
y y
y
v .
TRANSPORTATION FUELS CONSUMPTIONA q L
y
: v g v v
Wg S Fy. C q (-
, g ) y y q (g, )
y y v
g v. I T, y g
v , gy
g v.
L g q : g,
, , g . G -
y
g g.
P g y y g. O y, S J P,
. I 2011, S J P
321,870 g L [51]. A-
g 6,000 g,
vg .
R F g q
g v v
v y S J Cy. L v
Rx R R F . L v
g x R F g
g yg
$0.50 - g
. R F
, 2,300-g vy
, 9,000-g g ,
9,800-g . T
g. R F
g L, L Vg
M, - W Ly, I S
L [52].
R F g 250,000
g g y, vgg
100,000 g -
TABLE 1: Selected WSF winter 2012 westbound single-use
full fares. SOURCE: Washington State Ferries
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24 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
FIGURE 3: 2011 Esmates of Liq-
uid Fuel Imports to Lopez
y, vgg
. Hg y vg 40,000 g y. I
y, v gy,
y g
y [52]. S v L Vg
M, v,
, 2
[34]. T L S D
6,000 g [53], L S
Gv 40,000 g [36],
g g, xv,
g. Fg 3 -
q L 2011.
Tg v v -
g g , yL -
. R
q -
q S Fy. M-
v, y gy v
. R vy
vg 54 g-
. Tg
x vy
, g L y. Gv
L 250,000
g y g R F ,
500,000
g y, L
.
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25
Community Transportaon Opons: Insights from Lopez Resident
Christopher Aiken, San Juan County Mobility Manager
I x I S J
Cy My Mg. S vg , y y I v
L - v y g
y . I y
, I v g v g-
g
x y
.
A I v L, y
y q -
gg , ,v - . Ny
S J Cy
g. I g -
y vg
, I ,
I g: g
y y g ,
y, v
. I y ,
, v, - -vg -
gg q
y y,
.
Rgy x y y -
g, I y y g -
y. S J Cy y v g
Wg S D T-
g
q .F L, g
v
v g -
v . T g
v vy
v, g x, y, yg vy
v, xg v, yg
g. W g -
q
v.
W , . S J
Cy :
v g gg , v
y g g
, g
v v. W
- g v - ,
g
. I g
j , I y
gg v y
L.
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26
[transportation]
POTENTIAL PROBLEM AREAS AND RISKS FACTORS
A yg L I q vg , gg
v y 2012 2025. T v g: y, , g, g
v, .
FUEL PRICEA vy g- -
L I 2025. F, x
g
gy v x 13 y. T US Egy
I Agy g
y 2 3
y 2025, y -
y- , yg
M E,
C, US, Mx, E y
I, g , v
g y 2025. T y-v-y -
2-3 y 5
6 y 30-90
g y 2025, L I
2025 2012 . I L
y g- -
vy y ,
g v-
g L I, ,
, y g v
Wg. T v y -
- ; g
B T S, US -
20 42
[54]. Ag g
, g
, g,
g, y v. Ly,
v v g
L I , y
L y, ,
gv g
.
FUEL SUPPLYT - L I
y. F, y y
g v
g L I,
y
. S, vy g
q g, y
g ,
v x g-
g. A , g v g g -
L I [52]. Hvy g-
g- g
y y.
BOTTLENECKST x j -
y -
: v y. D- v
v. A g y
v y
, .
B jy L
I y v y
, y (.g.,
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27 -- -- -- -- --
, y ) -
y v. R g y v
L I g 2025. I v -
y v , vy
Wg S Fy v g v, , v -
y v (
) L.
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICSSg g g, y -
S J Cy g
gg L,
L I . A
y gg v - y 2025, y
x v g
g y
x. T gg
q v
, g v -
v. I , S
J Cy y y 30
y 2025 [4]. T ,
y -
L v y, y y v
. I
y L v
y. I g
g y
y y, v
g
y y L I
-
v .
CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE
ENVIRONMENTC g v y
x L I x v
, y -
, , g g, .
B gg L
I , gg y
2012 Wg,
I C Vy C Cg
T Sy I
P N. T -
- g
y gg . F, v
v
g y, jy
20 y,
x g
, y g . S-
, g
y g v,
v .
T, v
y . T y L I,
,
v x v.
DISASTER RESPONSED, -,
v L I
v. N,
v
gg -
vg v
.
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28
[transportation]
Potential Solutions and Recommendations
T v v y L I. T
, , , x-
g . W v L-
g , x v y,
, y L, , v x. F
, . F
q , y x .
Recommend Go for Implementaon:
C g vy
I L R & R g
Iv yg
I y v
Recommend Further Research:
B y v y xg v
S
I v- g
Recommend Hold at this Time:
I v
Ex g y
I g y Dvy y-
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
(4)
8)
9)10)
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29 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
CONDUCT A TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABIL-
ITY ASSESSMENT
Climate change is a global reality with local consequences, L I . T -
2012 Wg S , L I
g vy , g , ,g , , . My y x g v-
y , v L I .
L y, Wg S D
T S J Cy P W D.
1
Recommendaon:Go
Ag v -
g vy ,
y g,
g g y
L g- . T -
, g -
v,
L I -
g vy .
Implementaon:
T j q
: P, A, S. Dg
, y
v j- g . T
L I
, vy, v
g ggy, -
, ,
g , y. T
PROS CONS
Cy
F g vy -
y x y L I
Pv y y -
v
Vy q vy
, y ( x
v y
)
Pj g q v
v g ,
L I g y
v g g , ,
,
>
>
>
>
>
U (.., xg vg -
) y g
U y y
y -
S y q
g g
y, ,
>
>
>
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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30 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
x g
g vy -
L I -
. Ex
L I :
O j , y
L I
v v
. T
.
I , v
v L -
v, , g, v, ,
yg y
vy . T j
. T -
, g
y v
v g.
T g
g vy
g y, ,
gy. T
v v
q g,v,
gv gy. T
gg v
.
IMPLEMENT LOPEZ ROCKS & ROLLS
(AN INFORMAL RIDESHARE PROGRAM)
2Bg g y , L I
g L R & R. I y L, -
y, v. T g -
g g - gg vg g
g . I -gg / g v .g.
Wy g g g g ? Ag g
y g y g v -
y g v , , y, gv y gy
y g .
>
>
>
Pg 83-86 Uvy Wg-
C S E Sy:
,
T C-M Ey-B
Mg T N: ;
T US D T F-
Hgy A: , g .
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31 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
L R R L g -
y , vg, g , v L M, -
jRIDESHARE, jy g g . W g
y jRIDESHARE, g q L qg
g. P- y - LVM, y
, g , y q gg (.., y x). T v g v , $10,000
[55]. Sgg v , g ,
y v, gy q g. Pvg y v
y q g y y g -
g [56].
PROS CONS
L g g y g
v
R v R
(, , g, , .)
P
C g , ,
v v
>
>>
>
>
Rq v L, x,
g v
C - v g
My q g v
My q gg
-
>
>
>
>
T vg
L R & R,
g xy g .Dy. . . . .$16.65
Wy. . .$83.25
My. . $333
Yy. . . .$3,996
Average Cost of Single Occupancy Vehicle
Commung in the U.S.:
MODE DAILY ($)C-2 . . . . .$6.11
C-3 . . . . .$8.14
C-4 . . . . .$9.16
Potenal Savings Per Day
Versus Driving Alone
[SOURCE: Volpe Center, US DOT, 2010, Federal Highway Administraons, D.C. (Ridesharing Opons Analysis and Praconers
Toolkit)]
Ag V C g
,
v y $4,000, g vg
$3.00/g ( g
gy g ). Rg
- 2-
$1,466 vg. Rg g, v,
y y v
xg gvg , , L M-
, I .
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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32 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Recommendaon:GOD g v,
g L R
R g
v
.
Implementaon:
W L I
L R R -
g:
PHASE I: Installaon of Lopez Rocks & Rolls sign-
posts in designated safe and accessible locaons
that do not require addional road engineering
for car-pull outs>
>
>
A v
A v v gg ( v-
g ). Sgg
v
g, gy g
.
I gg g -
-
-
Iy ( jRIDESHARE)
Ev y g
y
> A v v g
-
-
-
Av y
C , v g-
j, v
g , ,
-
Av g I
Wy .g
PHASE II: Program promoon /
adversement
PHASE III: Other promoonal acvies / programs
>
>
P -- ----
y
M y, .g. g , g
v v vg y g
(P q g
y vg g)
-
-
R g -
(: )
Rv g g
, v L R &
R
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33
sjRIDESHARE PROGRAM
Ev y L M S J Cyg v x-
, jRIDESHARE g
2006 v Cy
. T
g gy j GO
G M Cy, C
, v
y , g 20-
S F D v.
T jRIDESHARE g
y vy g
g v. T S J CyC T
Fy H v y v
g y
g. T vy x, g 5 g
. M. M v
gg v -
g y gy g
. T g
y , q
gg.
T jRIDESHARE g y
22 g S J Cy,
g, v 15 .
M. M gg g
g vg
, . S
g g
.
I, I R y y
y, y M.M.
L A S
g, g g ,
.j.g.
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34 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
PROS CONS
L L v
P y v v yE L I v y
Iv gg vy y
I vy L I
P y vy, qy
( ), yg -g
E-
>
>>
>
>
>
>
Wg xv
P y g g g
T x q
Sy q
, y g
y y g g
Sgg y q
>
>
>
>
>
IMPROVE BICYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE3Cyg, y v , y g -
v , v y g v ,
, y. Hv, y /
gg yg v . W gg . F, L I P Sy,
C R, F By R, M By R, v y , y
g . S, L I y y
L S L Vg. T, L I y gg , gv
, y g y v.
T qy y-
g y, -
y y D. T G 2011
P, Og. H y
y v-
1990 2040 v-
g, v v ( -
y g yg), vg
[57]. H -
vg 3.8
1.2 1, g g
v v . I ,
vy $1 v y
v () $1.2 $3.8
vg,
g y -
g yg [57]. T v ,
g x g.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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35 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Recommendaon:GOW yg
v jy x
y g, g
y , vg y y.
W y -
v yg L.
Implementaon:
S J Cy P W 1.7-
g g v j-
g F By R y g.
T j q q
g--y 24 y
g 19
g [58]. T j
[1].
W g g g
y y
g
y / v j. S
y j, y
v (y
y ) x y, ,
g , ,
y y q . T -
v gg
g. T y,
y , -
g , ,
vg g q. T j y
q g-
g .
Dyg gg ,
gv , y
g y v, v,
g .
T gg g y vgg y
y gy gg. W gg
g :
Figure 4: Conceptual framework of
the cost-benet analysis
(not including benets of fuel sav-
ings)
Source: [57]
1) Conduct a needs assessment:
>
>
>
>
>
A v y
y gg, g -
y y
Dv By M P, g
yg L
P g
Iv g xg
O y
gg
2) Calculate costs and obtain funding:
Ag N C Tx C
Gv (NCTCOG),
g g g $150-
$200 [59]. Sy, D CD T
F T Eqv (FTE)
g y [60]. Dg
y q, gg
v -
, g v
.
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36 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
3) Install signage:
A v ,
, gg ( v-
g ).
INCREASE THE SHARE OF HYBRID OR ELECTRIC VEHICLES ON THE ISLAND
4A y I v xv gg y v
y v g v. H g y --
v L I y v.
T y, -, v v, y
Uvy M Dg Ty [61]. T
g , y v v v 2012. T
y $5,000 y 60 5 , 10,000 v
y, 15 y v , 6 (V [61], [62], [63], [64]).
$20,445 $24,760 $36,050 $39,995
28.5 /g 49.5 /g 3.4 /W* 2.0 /W + 30 /g
$7,500 $7,500
$60.84 / $2,000 y v $8,000 y v $8,000 y v
3000 y 8 y 8 y 8
Toyota Matrix L(convenonal)
MSRP
Eciency
Tax credits
Maintenance
Lifeme ownership
& operang cost
(avg $6.00/gal &
$0.08/kWh)
Lifeme ownership& operang cost
(avg $4.50/gal &
$0.12/kWh)
$42,150 $38,672 $34,848 $47,538
$37,038 $35,729 $35,991 $46,761
Toyota Prius Two(hybrid)
Nissan Leaf SV(electric)
Chevrolet Volt (plug-in hybrid)
Table 2: Cost Comparison of Convenonal, Hybrid, and Electric Vehicles
SOURCE: [61], [62], [63], [64
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37 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Electric Recommendaon:HOLD
Hybrid Recommendaon:GO
W g y v-
L I. W y v g
, y v g
, y g
>
>
>
PROS CONS
R q
R y -
y
L g g
R g -
R L I
y g y y
M
>
>
>
>
>
>
Ly v g g
v
Rq
Hg y xg y
g g g ,
y g y y,
y yg y
g g
HYBRID
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
PROS CONS
ALL ELECTRIC
E q
Rv y -
y
L g g
R g -
R L I
y g y y
M
g
>
>
>
>
>
>
C OPALCO
y (OPALCO y
y v y L)
C y
x x
v gg
Ly v g g
v
L g g g
Lg gg ,
xy
By yy v
Rq
Exg v g g y
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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39 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
PROS CONS
A
R v ,
v
R g-
gI vy
Pv v, - v v
v v, g g
I y y, , ,
L -gy 911 *
*Dg 911 -gy y vx [4].
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Rq g v
x
Rq g, g, yg v
y
Cv v v g y
>
>
>
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW g
, g
g . P g
v vy
g, g,
g . S J Cy v g g -
v g
Wg D T g
S C v
j y -
v [65]. Fg gg
g g - L
L . T g
-
y v -
.
Areas of Further Research:
Rgg g v -
y v v
,
v vy
L vg
v.
T y v-
vy , L ,
, g
xg g
y v. Ay,
q g g g
L vy
g.
Gy, L v -
S J O ,
v
x v. C y
v v v -
gy
y v.
ENVIRONMENTALSUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&ADAPTABILITY
CULTURALACCEPTABILITY
unknown
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40 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
>
>
>
>
>
W v L?
W y g
?
H qy /v v ?
S
y v - -
?
S v
x ?
Schedule informaon:
>
>
>
>
>
S L I y -
v v?
I :W y
?
H y
? By / ?
W y v
?
W v g/ y/ -
y ?
Mobility Coordinator:
>
>>
>
>
H y v v?
C L v
v ?
H y v v?W y v
v?
W v v v -
y?
H v v -
? W v g?
W v
x v?
Van Numbers and Operaon:
>
>
>
>
>
H - ?
W y v? Evy?
Evy ?
H g? W
?
W v ? W
?
W v ?
Logiscs:
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41 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
START A FUEL IMPORT AND DISTRIBUTION INTERNSHIP6
A T P R F P A , g v (Rx R,
/ R F) g y
L I. T g- g g- L
I y yg M. R . T
R F g g
, g v g M.
R .
PROS CONS
E
L I
Pv g v -
g yC v v
R F
>
>
>
Rq / R F
y gg
W y q R F v -
y y
>
>
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW g ,
, g
y g L I, v
v v y
, -
.
Areas of Further Research:
Sg y q x
L M. R
g . I ,
M. R g
? I , g
v
g ?
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42 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
IMPLEMENT VEHICLE-SHARE PROGRAMS7A g v g g (.., g v y
v, y g g y v) v x
L I. B vv g , g y
g y. Hv, g g -
y v y j g v
y v L g. T g g v
g g L I.
PROS CONS
Pv - -
y
A g v
R v
g v
P y
Pv y
y v v
g y
>
>
>
>
>
D g- vy (
v y v g g
L I)
Rq y gy v
P g -
g v
Rq y, v ,
, v
>
>
>
>
Recommendaon:RESEARCHA g, v g
g L I
gv -
. F x, SUV
v vg g
y y
v. I , g v y
x L I -
(.g., Z). I ,
v y gv y y v, y -
g gv v yg
v v g
x y
Areas of Further Research:B L I
, y v
g. H y
v, y
v y ? H -
y ,
v, j -
g? H v
, v , y -
, ? T
g v g-
, g g
-I . I
y v y
g
q, L-
.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
unknownunknown
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43 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
EXPAND USAGE OF SCHOOL BUS SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC
TRANSPORTATION8T x x y y.
T v y , y g
y g y g v. Hv, v xg y v y g y
y, vg j y, g . T
v y y xg -
vg v v y y g g .
PROS CONS
Mx y v
Pv v L
I, y y y v
g ( x v)Sg g g-
C j
Py v
x v
( v v)
>
>
>
>
>
D vg g gv
v v
C g v
g Nvgg gv g g-
g
S g
Wg S y , v,
v
M Dv U
g
T v g y
A D A
>
>
>
>
>
>
Recommendaon:HOLDW y x
v, y
g g. B v
, yg g
v y y
.
ENVIRONMENTALSUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&ADAPTABILITY
CULTURALACCEPTABILITY
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44 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
IMPLEMENT A COMMERCIAL FREIGHT COORDINATION SYSTEM9A , L I vy
jy g (.g., , v, .). T
L I , y g , , y. T -y v gv
v, x L . O y , x-
, v y g. T y
y g g v y
g g L I g v ,
vy g v L.
PROS CONS
Iv y g
- vO y , -
g g L I
-y v
-y v
D
L x
y -
g/vg
>
>
>
>
N v
v j
Rq v
C g vy xy
- - v
W y q v
v , g
v g y g
y g y
>
>
>
>
Recommendaon:HOLDB
, g g
v y, g- ,
y ,
g g
y.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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45 -- -- -- -- --
DIVERSIFYING COMMUNITY-SCALE MARINE TRANSPORT10F y L , WSF v y gg . T
y v, v gg vg
v y y, v y.
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
PROS CONS
Q
N E
F F
>
>
>
Exv
I gy
S
S-
F
>
>
>
>
>
Solar-powered
boats
PROS CONS
Q
N E
F FS C
>
>
>
>
W
D
y-
C-v
Rq x
y
>
>
>
>
Community-owned sail-boats
PROS CONS
R D WSF> Hg v
Rq D WSF v
W ,
-
vg
g [66]
>
>>
>
Independent
passenger-only ferry
service
Solar-powered Boats Recommendaon:HOLD
Community-owned Sailboats Recommendaon:HOLD
Independent Passenger-only Ferry Service Recommendaon: HOLD
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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46
W v L M 2012 g g L v vy . H L -
.
PERSPECTIVES FROM RESIDENTS OF LOPEZ
Ferry Tales
Fy g Sy C vy g g
v y gg WSF y
L. Rgg vy, L R Wg g, W
y / A M. V, y y//
y g? Sy C y L x -
v y . S y y , L
g L y .
Oil PressureW g v v v R-
F, Rx R. B L, M. R vg g
, g . L y v x vy y gv
y v L q . W , v
v, y y vg v. M.
R g L. H x g
g g .
Biker Beware
O yg, L S D yg vy
q g v
g g x yg . S B Ev v
y y y v . H gg y
gg y , g g . A
, y y -
v y.
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47
[transportation]
Concluding Remarks
D g g y L,
v y -
. Rg , vy g
qy, gg ,
g- /
g, g
, g.
T v , -
v
y L I. S
x g g vy , g
y v , -
g y, vg
yg- . O -
qg -
; , g y
v L I v g
,
g g
.
Mvg y
v y
- ,
g , -
q v -
. I
, g -
. T
L I,
g
. Rg -
q g y
y , , g-, . I g, g
, g
g, g x g-
vy
L I x -
. T x ,
g, , ,
y .
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49 -- -- -- -- --
Hy, L I x , y g
v v E.
I 19 y 20 -
g v -
-
y v. Ty, - , yg,
g g g
v. L v , ,
vy vg, y y
jy . L v-
y -g x y [67].
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50 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
1) Current land use paerns:C
S J Cy ,
g y.
Ay, 2007 USDA C Ag g -
S J Cy. T, g -
y
xg g
.
2) Consumpon Trends:Sy -
.
P
-
- - gg
x g
. C L -
y g g -
y - g
.
3) Economic Challenges: T g
g
yg y.
T g y -y v gy g
L.
4) Regulatory Challenges: Rgy g
y y
y- -
g g. L
g y y
v j y.
T -g g y
y. Nx, x -
y. Fy,
y,
v y, -
y,
v vg
y L y 2025.
Sv g y g L:
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51
[agriculture and water]
CURRENT PRACTICES
CURRENT LAND USE PATTERNS
T g - L I
v y. A ,
v y 20
y. T v
. Cy 160
vy L. T 2007 USDA
C Ag S J Cy
vg y 74 .
Hv, v y, v
g
vy 20 [67].Cy v -
j
v 100 , 99
. I
, y
g L , y
v gg yg [67].
FIGURE 5. SOURCE: United States Department of Agriculture, Naonal Agricultural Stascs Service
T g x g -
g v g
g yg. T
g v y g,
Hg y S&S H
F. Cy, 26 x v-
, , vg L [68]. A -
g
v x g , ,
y,
q .
I y L I y g g
y
g . R .
R x yg v-
gg
g gg
vy. My v yg
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52 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
g v
y,
y q,
. T yg v
v
g vy qy
x . Hv, yg
, y v
, g qy v
[1].
Hyg qy O
S Tx A (RCW 84.34) g. T x gg
y y -
. T
,
gg v
.
Cv g
g g
L y. L I S J
Cy v v
gg .
T S J Pv T S J
Cy L B v g
v g v: g
v
g g
v. Rg O S
Tx A (RCW 84.34)
v v / g-
g
g. I , g g y
y v.
M v L j
y g
FIGURE 6. SOURCE: United States Department of Agriculture, Naonal Agricultural Stascs Service
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53 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
jy L I g-
g g [67]. T
N R Cv Sv -
34 y g S J
Cy [69]. T vy
S J Cy vg y g g
( g
g) [70].
CURRENT CONSUMPTION TRENDSC L vy -
g ,
gg
y . T -
g LVM gy .
Ov, g
g , y
v Lv g, Cy S-
Ag (CSA) g, ,
gg y
g . S vy
g y
g. B Gy L I g-
g . L
Vg M, g
, L- . S L
y y- , ,
v . Hv,
v (.g., LVM) y g
, -
y
.
I yg ,
vy y L y L-
. T , -
y , -
y g y g
. Hg S, S&S H-
F, y -
y g y ,
g [71]. S
g g y
y g
q v g: g, g, yg
g -
; vy g
; g g
g v,
y - j [1]
A L y -
, g vy,
, / v y g
g x -.
I v, L
g g y
q y. A Dy LVM
L y -
v g v . B
Kv B Gy
y 5-6 y v
y g
y y g gg
[72].
I , y
v , y
, . L
I , , g -
v
v vy, vy
. A , -
v y -
v L. W
y y v- , vy
y , v g, ,
g , . Ny, y
L I v y
, y
v.
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54 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
T x . W y g y 1950 g
g -
y v -v, ,
y L -
y ( Fg 7 ). Sg F
J Fy F
Wgy g vy,
y - S. L -
- .
FIGURE 7. SOURCE: United
States Department of Agriculture,
Naonal Agricultural Stascs
Service
CURRENT ECONOMIC CHALLENGES
Land Acquision:
T g L --
v v g
g. T v
S J Cy $1,759/
1964 $8,691/ 2007, j
[73]. Wy , y y , jy
g L. My
v
v y
y. Cv
v
y. Yg
v -
g . D y,
g g y gg
vy yg g
y.
N J J Fy F x
g -
y y yg . H
g
, -
v ,
H v q, -
g vy y vy
q g [74].
Infrastructure:
I , g L
q
g, (), ,g q, , g .
T xv gg
g
. F g
g
y -
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55
Jones Family Farm
I 10 y L I, JFy F (JFF) x x
yg y v .
N J v
vy - gg -
.
JFF y 3 : , g-
v g USDA
, g, , -
; g 3 y
3 v y ;
g vg y
Pg S. JFF g g -
. Ty
g (
).
I v N, JFF
gg g g v
vy . H
g x y
S J Cy. JFF
v S J Cy S. S
S J Cy g
S g -
. Ty L g.
Ng
JFF g. T
300 y
y y g
v . N -
g v v
x
g v
g g v
. H
g v
y .
L y L, g-
gg v-
g y: W
g,
g g vy gg,
g y g
v. N, I
v v v g, y vg
g. I
v -
g , y ,
g y
.
N v vy g vg
g ,
g v -
vg. H y g L
I gg
, vy y
y y .
F J Fy F, v
.j.
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56 -- -- -- -- --
g . Sy B
R M L Cy L
T x
v-
v gg
v .Cv g -
q g . F
v q g
q g g. Ag
, g gg
q
.
Inputs:
O L y v
, S G F S My.Y L I x
y 26.44 g N
O A A, S-
T v v 37 y,
g g, xv
, y . A
v g -
g q
g.
I, y y
g .
Iv x g
g g -
g
g
v . S
vg
xg
y
y.
F 30 q , L
I g vy -
, gg y y y
. S x
x - g v
g. M
. A
v gg , -
g, y, v gg, y
g g
g . My v - v y y yg
g
. My y
g - .
Distribuon and Storage:
D L g
g g /x
y. D
y L S J
Cy, S P N y . A ,
g -
y y .
A , LVM v jy
. D , B
-v -
gy .
F y g , g
S y y g
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57 -- -- -- -- --
g Ogy G
Cy Eg, Og. D y
S J Cy
gg, v L
v
. Iv g g
-. W v g
g g g
, y x
.
W LVM B g
g - -
y, - y
- . N J
y g x yS J Cy S -
y v g
L.
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
REGULATORY CHALLENGESAy
y
g. Uy,
L I.
Tg v, g- -
g , g ,
g . My
gy
g v,
v g y y. O
y, W g
y g y g qy
y. Ev g
y g qy v.
W y yg [74].
Ex y g
v y v
x, y y v
g L . P
y
g g- g y,
g
L I. F x,
U- y g L y y y v
y g
q [75]. I
, y
y g ;
y v
v g
. Exg g y
g y
gg .
Hg j gy g.
S L vy
vg -
vy. T gg , v,
g g
. T g-
, g .
M g
g
. I ,
S J Cy Sj
v , [-
y g ] (Cy C
18.40.240). Pv y,
, x, g
18.30.040.
Hv, g v
y g . F v
y -
g y
g g [68].
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58 -- -- -- -- --
A v L I, g
y y C U F
Ag Pg gg L
g g -
. A g g Ag-
C U Tx Pg, AgR C C Pggy B
g, O
g , y,
y / g-
g g . T S J J
-
y -
g
y
g . Hv, Cy A
C Z , T y y ,
g. I v
[76].
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
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59
Water Story on Lopez : Is there enough?
W S J Cy vy vy v v
v g. A
, v -
g L I:
(26.44 ), g -
g, xv (14 ),
[80].
W v qy,
x g g
q g L I.
Hv,
L Vg
W Sy R R y y g. I vy
, L
y g /
g. M , 44 81
vy , ,
, g y q-
. O 37 v
g , y y
x g
g 35 g/ 6,000 g/.
W
x, y
y g L I.
F By W A
vy L I, v
Vg . Wg
S D Egy
g g gg
gy yg
g, L v vg Wg S x
v. T
5,000 g y
g yg g
vg Egy. T v
q
g g
g g ,
L
g, g g -
y -
. M v ,
y y gv
gy y g.
T y
g S J Cy v
g v v
y g g
. T vg
, , y, g y,
g y [80]. U-
y
g g
g. Ig g
qy. Evy
y, y g
qy / g.
Fy, g v
L. F v g q
y
. My -
g . E -
2000 40,990 C/y j
64,477 C/y 2020 [81]. Ag -
2,500, 16.4 C/y/ 123
g/y/. By , vg
Wg S 300 g/y/
. I , g Wg S
D Egy y -
2009, L
y vg - g
y
g gy .
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60
Hv, g
g xg v .
F x, x vg
g 2003 L Vg W
Sy R g 37
y y - y. A - v
-
L, g . I ,
g g
, v v, y
q yg g .
My x g
g . S
v x-
, y g g
q. Ly, vg L .
T y /v -
L I: L Lgy
Lg Sy P. S
y g
y . Uy,
y yy
g v
y. R My 2009 , T
C S D Sy S J
Cy, Wg g xg
g y
y v g v
, v,
$25/g y.
D
g, , -
g q L,
L I . T
g, , x-
g v . Fy, gy g g
400-500 g
y y F By g
. T -
W . Pg
y g
g g g
v g, ,
g.
Fisherman Bay sewage treatment facility.
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61
[agriculture and water]
POTENTIAL PROBLEM AREAS AND RISKS FACTORS
Gv g - v, x g
g vy L I
x 30 y. S
y -
y g g
g v
L y y . T
, v, g g
g .
ECONOMIC VIABILITYI gy
y v g,
x -
. Pv - gy
g- y
g. L y yg - g . Py
yg v v
y -
g g gy y gg g
[67]. Mv, g g
g , -
y x -
v
.
SOIL FERTILITYT vy yg y g
g- y g
. T -
y. Ag , y
q y
g g,
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62 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
gy .
CLIMATE CHANGEC g y gg
L. P g
N O A A- I P C
Cg (IPCC), x,
-
. T
1.5 P N g
, 20-60 y . T
IPCC j g
g . T
S-
g. M y, D
Fy, g x x10 . B J
Ag, v, g x
y 10 20 [77]. T
g 0 g-
v 10 . W
y g g,
x. H, g
y
v v. T
y g -v L I.
Mv, ,
j y -
g g. S g
g , ,
gg y, , y
g
g y g.
COMMODITY SHOCKSL y x gg
g
. G y
g -
. F ,
x L y
g q
y . A -
x , g
2 3 -y 2025 [78]. T
g g
. I -
, xv L
q vg
. T y
g. Mv, g
g
. T xv. Rg
.
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63
[agriculture and water]
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
T x g g y
L. Ty g y gg , g, y y-
g g, g / .
Recommend Go for Implementaon:
F g vy
P g g
H y v g
C v-
B - g
Recommend Further Research: R g
F g
I g
S GMO-F L I
C
1)
5)
6)
8)
9)
2)
3)
4)
7)
10)
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64 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
1 FORM A LOCAL AGRICULTURE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS FOR LAND USE AND INFRASTRUCTURE 13
T vy Wg S S RCW84.34.145: T y gv y v g v
g y y v vy y g -
g y v , g-
, 84.34 RCW. T vy gv
v gg v . Hv, y y
v y , qy, g
v [79]. A g , vy x.
PROS
C
Ag g
g y x g
L I
P g y y -
>
>
>
>
>
Recommendaon:GOW . U , vy q.
Hv, , gv y y v . B vy
v g y v x y,
y y y v.
CONS
P yM g vv y
2
REFORM ZONING LAWS
T g
. R g q. T -
v v . S g
q gg , y S J Cy Cv P
y . T S J Cy Cv P [L
] y v g, , vy
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITYnot applicable
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65 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
v . T v y v g
v . T C 18 S J C,
T S J Cy Cv P g g
g g vg y v. T g
g v x g v, -
g .
PROS
C g g g
Ay
Iv g
>
>
>
>
CONS
A
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW L x y
g g
. Mv,
g y y- y
g g y y.
O , Rg Zg L
g y y. T
y y -
, y g P g
g g y g.
Cg v
y g
g, gg g
v v
.
3 FORM AGRICULTURE PARTNERSHIPS WITH RESEARCH INSTITUTIONSL y Uvy Wg (UW)
g g v g g.
Cy UW Cg Ev y gy x Fy H.T g C Cg I g xg g P
N g gg g . T L
g C Cg I G. T g
y xg Fy H y , vg L gg
.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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66 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
PROS
F y L- g-
g g
P g
j g L
(y)A g x
>
>
>
>
>
>
CONS
L yg vy -
(j g )
F j g
vy g
C Fy H
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW gg L x y
. D x-
y
g , Cg Ev-
y g L.
T - gg
g- g g
L. T q v
q Uvy
x gg y -
. A
L x , g
-
.
4IMPLEMENT A FARMER SPONSORSHIP PROGRAM
T g g yg g L. T
y gg - - g L g,
. T g yg -
g .
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS FOR LABOR CHALLENGES 4
PROS
Eggg - -
y g y L
S y yg
y L
I
y
y
B gg
>
>
>
>
>
>
CONS
F y y g v
( )
P v-x g g
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
unknown
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67 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW L g g
g. T F S g
y vg
y. T g -
g y y g yg
g y
y gg . T
v g .
F, g -
y L v. Hv,
v y q y g -
y g. F x,
v, v g-
v -
y , g
g y v-
y.
Eventual Implementaon:
I L g v -
y, y g
. F,
g g -
vg g -
g. T g
y
v - y -
v Lv T g
g y v g . A g
g
ggg
-
g g -
vg
. T g xg
L R y
v y -
g v g.
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS FOR COMMUNITY BUYIN: MAKING LAST
ING CHANGE 57
T vyg
g y
g . D , g
g
, v,
. T
L I
- . O y
vg jv: -
g , g ,
g . T v y -
v
gg. I
, g
x g v.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
unknown
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68 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
5 PROMOTE LOCAL FARMERS THROUGH EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGNSE g y Lv v y
g yg , v
y. Bg g gg y
g y g-x - - g.
PROS
P g
K y y
B y
>
>
>
>
>
CONS
T y g q
Ly v
Recommendaon:GOW L g g
g. A g
y g xg v
. T
y
-.
E Cg v -
y g y g v-
y . B y g g,
g ,
y , y g, -
g, -y, g.
W gg y
vy y -
g g. Hg
v . S
y
x g g vy v. I y, g
y
. Ov , y -
.
6HOST SEASONAL COMMUNITY EVENTS TO PROMOTE LOCAL AGRICULTURE
T v g -
. Ev - g g g
y g . T g y y
g. I g g y, y y g, gg
.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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69 -- -- -- -- --
PROS
P y g
U
>
>
>
CONS
C gg g
Recommendaon:GOW L
y v y . T
v y
g vg v
g y y-
. S Cy Ev y g- Cy C
y
-, , . A g
g g
y g
v g y. T
v . A
v g y, y x .
7 SUPPORT A GMOFREE LOPEZ ISLANDT v gy g
. A y -gy -
v g g gy , g L
g - g y g g
.
PROS
P g g A L-g GMO
-
P g
>>
>
>>
CONS
Cg g W q y- , y
vg
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITYunknownunknown
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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70 -- -- -- -- --
Recommendaon:RESEARCH
Areas for Further Research:
F y g GMO
F L. S v
GMO v .
T, v -GMO
L. Sy, -GMO
g
y. T GMO- L
y g g y
g g g
. Hv, y y- y L gy
g y y.
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS FOR SHARING COSTS / RESOURCES 810
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
I , , v ,
g .
8 CREATE A VALUEADD COMMUNAL INDUSTRIAL KITCHENT g y
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.
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ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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71 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
Recommendaon:GOW g -
y y
g g g g
g R Wg. I
j, g y g
y
g .
U , L
g g
y y
y y
9 BUILD A COOP GREENHOUSEA - g v g L ggy y-
g . A g g y
g g . T v
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PROS
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R
Kg g y v
>
>
>
>
>
>
CONS
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g
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Recommendaon:GOW y
g L. L
g, g , y, g x,
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y
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g vv
g. A -
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g , .), vg, y . T v
v y g -
g
g.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
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72 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
10 CONSTRUCT COMMUNAL ROADSIDE STANDS FOR LOCAL FARMERST y g y gg g-
y . A L Vg C -
y v y vg g g . Mg g vy g, g v ,
Cy C x -
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PROS
Cy =
S
L
>
>
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>
>
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CONS
C
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)
Recommendaon:RESEARCHW xg
g g g. I -
y y
g.
ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE&
ADAPTABILITY
CULTURAL
ACCEPTABILITY
unknown
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73
S&S Homestead Farm
S&S H F g x vy
L I. B --
, g , L I y -
y v y y
v g, , vg,
g qy g . I , H-
g S E S,
y g y g
v x y .
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x y g, g
vg
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g vg
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g g, ,
y y
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y g -
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y-g
g v. Ty
y y, y y
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g vy , vg, g.
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vy
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gy g
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vg -
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y -
v ,
v . Y
, yg v.
M :
://..g/.
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74
[agriculture and water]
CONCLUDING REMARKS
Ov, L y g g
y. My y
v y
y g y g
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.
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gg y -
g vy
y L.
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W a s t e
Ov v L, y
v -
y v jy
L y v v. I
, g-
y-, y g, g g .
A ,
g -
g - xv.
T y v
g , g g-
y g g
v .
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76
[waste]
CURRENT PRACTICES
B, v g v g: gg; y; g
; g ; . L y y v jy - v , x g .
SOLID WASTE: GARBAGEOv , L
y v
g, ggg -
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y .
S J Cy -v g y S J S
Cy. M v
v y
y L T S
y . Rg
, y
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-g O vy
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y ( / )
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. L
,
g . A -
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g g
y S W D D
L I. D , g
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- y g . A
g , g
v 1200 g v $100,000
x x y
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.g..
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gg ,
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W Mg. T g-
g L g
v W Mg
, v
g L .
T L T S gy
g , vg -y
v . T -
g y y y,
y v
y.
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77 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
SOLID WASTE: RECYCLABLESTg S J Cy , L
y W Mg
y g gg (
g - ). A gg, L
,
g , , y-
. T v g
y , y
v y y,
y . A-
g L T S Lg y
2011, 291 -g y -
L I. S ,
y y ,
Sg Rv Ryg y Bg, WA,
-g y
W Mg Cy y W-
v, S. A yg g-, qy y y
y y-
. T, y
L y y
,
.
GREEN WASTE: YARD CLIPPINGS AND
FOOD SCRAPSN S J Cy S Cy
W Mg Cy
y g
. O
vy, g jy y
y g -
y, g, g, -g
g -. T jy
, g ,
g , g .
W y g
vy ,
v v - -
y, g , g y-
, v
,
v y.
T L S Gv y -
xy 5,000 y y g
. B g gy -
, g -. T
qy
B C. [36]. B
Take it or Leave it shed, an
informal freesycle space located
at the Lopez Transfer Staion.
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78 -- -- -- -- --
HAZARDOUS WASTE:
CHEMICALS AND EWASTEEy x ( , , -
, , .) (-)
gg
, v - T S. T
, v, -g -y y O-
I. T L T S
v -
g y,
O y.
Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste -- Electricity / Heang -- Conclusions
SEPTIC WASTET F By S D
g 150
L Vg L S. Tg
,
xy 400,000-500,000
g , -
g y . W
v
,
g g (x ).
O F By S D, L-
1,000-g q
g. F , -
3,500-g
F By
g . T -
g A y
y, . T g y
vg y
g , y g . T 100,000
120,000 g
y.
x,
1/3 , 1/3 1/3 ,
2,000 y x y
$30/ y.
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79
[waste]
POTENTIAL PROBLEM AREAS AND RISKS FACTORS
I g
gg, L y--yv y y . B
g:
gy v y y
v L. T
, y y
g y v y -
v v
yg
g . T
.
B y q
x: . A g
, g y -
g , g. T
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v g
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g.
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. A g g
L, gy (
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g D) y v
g g. T y -
g vg
g . L g,
, v - gy y
y .
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80
POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
[waste]
N y L I y . T -
6 j j :
Recommend Go for Implementaon:
L y
C g
Recommend Further Research:
C g
Recommend Hold at this Time:
L
C g
U g g
Hv gy g y g
1)
2)
3)
(1)
4)
5)
6)
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81 -- -- -- -- --Welcome -- Transportaon -- Agriculture / Water -- Waste --