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Lord of the Flies

William Goldings Masterpiece

By Lina ELL

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Title Translation

represents the devil insideBeelzebub a Hebrew word forLUCIFER

However, the literal translation of Beelzebubinto English is LORD OF THE FLIES

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Summary

a group of English schoolboys marooned on a tropical island after theirplane is shot down during a war.

its exploration of the idea of human evil is at least partly based onGoldings experience with the real-life violence and brutality of World

War II. Free from the rules and structures of civilization and society, the boys

on the island inLord of the Flies descend into savagery.

In his portrayal of the small world of the island, Golding paints abroader portrait of the fundamental human struggle between thecivilizing instinctthe impulse to obey rules, behave morally, and actlawfullyand the savage instinctthe impulse to seek brute powerover others, act selfishly, scorn moral rules, and indulge in violence.

Island is a microcosm of society, politics, and human psychology

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Do you know of any other

stories of children makingtheir own society?

Peter Pan was originally conceived of as the villain of the story - can be

thoughtlessly ruthless, and although he's an effective leader, he's not a wise

one. One key difference is that Barrie's boys, while tending toward savagery

on their own, also strongly wantto be civilized by someone: they want a

mother.

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FEAR AND CHAOS

What are common reactions to fear?

Describe a situation when you were afraid

(especially of the unknown).

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Through LOTF, Golding is making the

statement that we cannot escape oursavage, violent tendencies

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Ralph

Ralph has charisma.

chosen as leader - many positive qualities

conflict with Jack

Wants to keep order and civilization.

Ralph and Piggy together represent the

struggle for order and democracy.

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Piggy

short and overweight, wears glasses

represents order and democracy

tries very hard to cling to civilization, and tries

his best to keep peace smartest boy on the island, but he lacks any social

skills - has trouble communicating or fitting inwith the othersrepresent science and thought

His glasses are a very important part of the book,as they are used over and over to start fires.Piggy's constant polishing of them shows hisdesire for clear-sightedness and civilization.

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Jack

about Ralph's age, a skinnier build and red

hair

emotions of anger and savagery.

At first, he is the leader of his choir group,

who become hunters as the book progresses.

He eventually overtakes Ralph aschief/leader.

Wears a cape with a snake clasp - evil

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Simon

younger than the three previous boys, but older

than other littluns

He is very good and pure, and has the mostpositive outlook

Simon often travels into his tranquil spot in the

jungle, but also tries to help out when it is needed.

Meditateslikes nature; has a spiritual; goodness

He meets up with a pig's head skewered on a stick

which leads him to an epileptic episode.

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Character Analysis

Roger ~ Silentand sadistic

Targets the littluns

The only one to

premeditate murder

Kills without

conscience

Pure evil

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Character Analysis Sam and Eric (Samneric)~ Twins

Described as barely havingenough skin to cover both,bullet-headed, and theyfinish each otherssentencesThe last to remain loyal toRalphRepresent the tug-of-warwithin us to remain good

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Character Analysis

Littluns ~ The younger

kids

Represent the common

folk, who easily follow the

lead of others into

savagery when there is no

enforced structure insociety

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LOTF Symbols(Objects, characters, figures, or colors that represent ideas or concepts)

Piggys Glasses= The lastsurviving evidence of thelawful, structured world

Conch Shell= Newdemocracy on the island

Snake= Evilreference tothe serpent in the garden ofEden

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Important ImagesThe Beast = The

imaginary evil that isprojected onto the islandby the boys paranoia

Lord of the Flies = A

pigs head on a stick thatbecomes the physicalacceptance of evil on theisland

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Themes

society holds everyone together, and without rulesand order the basic concept of right and wrong arelost.

People will abuse power when it's not earned.When given a chance, people often single out

another to degrade to improve their own security.

Inner savagery can only be suppressed for so long

before it breaks out, given the right situation.The fear of the unknown can be a powerful force,

which can turn you to either insight or hysteria.

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Allegory

A work of fiction carrying two levels of

meaning:

- 1) a surface plot/narrative (literal)

- 2) symbolic/metaphorical meaning in

which everything in story symbolizes

something greater

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A Freudian Allegory

Ralph, Jack, and Piggy Id

The part of the personality reflecting unorganized, instinctualimpulses. If unbridled, it seeks immediate gratification of primitiveneeds.

Ego

The part of the personality corresponding most nearly to theperceived self, the controlling self that holds back the impulsiveness ofthe id in the effort to delay gratification until it can be found insocially approved ways.

Superego

The part of the personality corresponding most nearly to conscience,

superego is said to be the punishing conscience. Unconscious

Memories, impulses and desires that are not available toconsciousness, sometimes controlled or repressed.

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Social Influence

1. Compliance

The person at whom the influence is directed (the target) publiclyconforms to the wishes of the influencing source but does notchange his or her private beliefs or attitudes. (The child eats thespinach but continues to dislike it.)

2. Internalization

The target changes his or her beliefs, attitudes, or behaviorsbecause of a genuine belief in the validity of the positionadvocated by the influencing source. (A middle-aged man gives upsmoking after readingand believingthe surgeon general'swarnings that smoking causes cancer.)

3. Identification

The target changes his or her beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors inorder to resemble an influencing source that is respected oradmired. (A high school girl takes up smoking in order to be like agroup of older girls she admires.)

Deindividuationsense of self diminished when in a crowd (mobmentality)

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Political Allegory

The world was divided into two camps, thefree world and the Soviet Union, much like

the camps of Ralph and Jack. In addition,the postwar Cold War Era suffered fromfears of atomic destruction. Lord of theFlies shows the world at the brink of atomic

destruction. The novel serves as a warningto the leaders of the world.

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Religious Allegory

Garden of Eden: It was a perfect islandwith good food, good weather, and good

water. The beastie is the snake in theGarden that lures (tricks) the others torefuse their duty. The parachutist and Piggyrepresent the fall of mankind. Jack and

Ralph are very much like Cain and Able.Simon is a Christ figure who sacrificeshimself to save them.