LOST CITY LOST CITY The Discovery of The Discovery of

Machu Picchu Machu Picchu

Compiled by:Compiled by: Terry Sams PESTerry Sams PES

By Ted Lewin

Study SkillsStudy SkillsGenre: Narrative NonfictionGenre: Narrative NonfictionComprehension Skill: Comprehension Skill:

Compare ContrastCompare ContrastComprehension Strategy: Comprehension Strategy: VisualizeVisualizeComprehension Review Skill: Comprehension Review Skill:

SequenceSequenceVocabulary: Word Structure – Greek and Vocabulary: Word Structure – Greek and

Latin RootsLatin Roots

SummarySummaryProfessor Hiram Bingham goes on a journey to Peru to find the lost city of Machu Picchu. With the help of a farmer named Arteaga and a Quechua boy, Bingham finds something unexpected -- the beautiful city of Machu Picchu sitting among the clouds.

Genre: Genre: Narrative NonfictionNarrative Nonfiction

(Different PowerPoint on Genre)(Different PowerPoint on Genre)

Narrative nonfiction can tell the story of a real event such as the discovery of a lost city. The details of the event are presented in sequence so that readers can understand the cause-and-effect relationships.

Comprehension Skill Review: Comprehension Skill Review: Compare andCompare and Contrast – Contrast – TE538TE538

A A ComparisonComparison tells how two or tells how two or more things are alike.more things are alike.

A A ContrastContrast tells how they are tells how they are differentdifferent

Clue words such as Clue words such as like, same like, same or or asas show show similarities.similarities.

Clue words such as Clue words such as but, different, but, different, or or unlikeunlike show show differencesdifferences..

Compare and ContrastCompare and Contrast PB 213 PB 213Greek and roman Cultures

Similarities Different

1. People lived in warm climates

2. They both 2. They both produced great produced great poets and artists.poets and artists.

55. _____________________________________________________________. _____________________________________________________________

3. Rome was a 3. Rome was a huge empire.huge empire.

4. Rome had more advanced building methods

Comprehension Skill- Comprehension Skill- Sequence Sequence Pg. 551Pg. 551

SequenceSequence means the order in which means the order in which things happen.things happen.

Dates, timesDates, times, and clue words such as , and clue words such as first, then, next,first, then, next, and and lastlast can help you can help you understand the order of events.understand the order of events.

Sometimes two or more events Sometimes two or more events happen at the same time. Words happen at the same time. Words such as such as meanwhilemeanwhile and and duringduring can can show this.show this.

Vocabulary Strategy – Greek Vocabulary Strategy – Greek and Latin Rootsand Latin Roots Pg. 540Pg. 540

Many English words have Latin or Many English words have Latin or Greek rootsGreek roots..

For example, the Latin word For example, the Latin word terraterra means “means “earth, landearth, land.” Part of it appears .” Part of it appears in words such as in words such as terrainterrain and and territoryterritory..

The Latin word The Latin word gloriagloria means “ means “praisepraise”; ”; part of it appears in words such as part of it appears in words such as glorifyglorify, meaning “, meaning “to praiseto praise.”.”

You might be able to use Latin and You might be able to use Latin and Greek roots to help you figure out Greek roots to help you figure out the meaning of an unknown word.the meaning of an unknown word.

Practice Word StructurePractice Word Structure PB215PB215

1. What is the Latin word for 1. What is the Latin word for terracedterraced??terra – it has to do with landterra – it has to do with land

2. How does the root in glorious…2. How does the root in glorious…it means “praise” it means “praise”

3. What do you think 3. What do you think terrainterrain means?... means?...

refers to ground you walk on – “land”refers to ground you walk on – “land”4. It does not make sense . . . 4. It does not make sense . . . it refers to something worth of praiseit refers to something worth of praise5.5. Write a sentence. . .Write a sentence. . .________________________________________________________________

Grammar Review – Comparative Grammar Review – Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Superlative Adjectives TE 559e-fTE 559e-f

A A comparative adjectivecomparative adjective compares two people, places, compares two people, places, things, or groups. Add things, or groups. Add –er–er to to most short adjectives. Use most short adjectives. Use moremore with longer adjectives. with longer adjectives.

This mountain is This mountain is tallertaller and and more beautifulmore beautiful than that one. than that one.

Grammar Review – Comparative Grammar Review – Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Superlative Adjectives TE 559e-fTE 559e-f

A A superlativesuperlative adjectiveadjective compares three or more people, compares three or more people, places, things or groups. Add places, things or groups. Add ––estest to most short adjectives. to most short adjectives. Use Use mostmost with longer adjectives. with longer adjectives.

It was the It was the highesthighest and and most most amazingamazing city he had ever seen. city he had ever seen.

Study Skill – Outline Study Skill – Outline TE 559LTE 559L

OutliningOutlining helps you understand text helps you understand text structure and remember information.structure and remember information.

An An outlineoutline is a plan that show how a is a plan that show how a story or other text is organized.story or other text is organized.

You can also you an You can also you an outlineoutline to organize to organize your thoughts before you write your thoughts before you write something of your own.something of your own.

OutliningOutlining information can also help you information can also help you prepare for tests.prepare for tests.

Study Skill – Outline Study Skill – Outline TE 559LTE 559L The The titletitle is listed at the top of the is listed at the top of the

outline.outline. TopicsTopics are the most important ideas. are the most important ideas.

They are identified with They are identified with Roman Roman numerals.numerals.

SubtitlesSubtitles are listed under a topic and are listed under a topic and tell more about it. They are identified tell more about it. They are identified with with capital letterscapital letters..

DetailsDetails are listed under a subtopic are listed under a subtopic and tell more about it. They are and tell more about it. They are identified with identified with numbersnumbers..

Let’s look at PB 219 and 220.Let’s look at PB 219 and 220.

Practice OutlinesPractice OutlinesMachu Picchu (Title)Machu Picchu (Title)

I. In the Past (Main Idea)I. In the Past (Main Idea)A. The Inca People (Subtopic)A. The Inca People (Subtopic)B. The End of the IncaB. The End of the IncaC. The LegacyC. The Legacy 1. Architecture (details)1. Architecture (details) 2. Artifacts2. Artifacts

3. Roads3. Roads II. Modern HistoryII. Modern History

A. Rediscovery 1911A. Rediscovery 1911B.B.

C.C.

Comprehension StrategyComprehension Strategy Visualize Visualize Pg. 538Pg. 538

Good readers visualize as they Good readers visualize as they read.read.

This means they create pictures This means they create pictures in their minds.in their minds.

SensorySensory words such as words such as stickysticky and and cracklecrackle can help you can help you experience what you are experience what you are reading.reading.

Weekly Fluency Check -Weekly Fluency Check -Phrasing Phrasing TE 559aTE 559a

● Grouping words that go together Grouping words that go together and making corrections if you and making corrections if you make mistakes helps listeners to make mistakes helps listeners to understand a selection better.understand a selection better.

● Break up long sentences by Break up long sentences by grouping related words into grouping related words into meaningful phrases.meaningful phrases.

● Echo read the last paragraph on Echo read the last paragraph on p. 544.p. 544.

Question of the WeekQuestion of the WeekTETE 488L 488L

What surprises can What surprises can happen on an happen on an expedition?expedition?

Day 2Day 2 -- Question of the Question of the DayDay

Why do you Why do you think Hiram Bingham think Hiram Bingham was willing to go on was willing to go on such a such a difficult expedition?difficult expedition?

What are some of What are some of the difficulties the difficulties and satisfactions and satisfactions in the life of an in the life of an archeologist?archeologist?

Day 3 - Question of the DayDay 3 - Question of the Day

Day 4Day 4 -- Question of the Question of the Day - ReviewDay - Review

How is visiting Machu How is visiting Machu Picchu today different Picchu today different from the trip Hiram from the trip Hiram Bingham made?Bingham made?

Other ThingsOther Things

More about Machu PicchuMore about Machu Picchu Photo Essay of Machu PicchuPhoto Essay of Machu Picchu Web Quest Web Quest Great PowerPoint on Machu PicchuGreat PowerPoint on Machu Picchu Machu Picchu - How They Kept the Machu Picchu - How They Kept the

SecretSecret More on the IncasMore on the Incas Inca Trail MapInca Trail Map

Review QuestionsReview Questions1. Why might so few people have known

about the ruins?

2. What might have happened before the boy had a dream about the stranger?

3. What did Bingham see after he found the sun temple?

4. Make a generalization about the Incas from what you have learned in this story.

5. Why did the author include the boy’s thoughts?

Review QuestionsReview Questions1. What did the boy call the camera? Why?

2. What is the main idea of the selection?

3. How was the author’s search for the ruins different from Bingham’s?

4. How would you describe the journey to Machu Picchu?

5. How are Cusco and the first capital of the Inca alike? Different?

Vocabulary - Say ItVocabulary - Say Itcuriositycuriositygloriousgloriousruinsruinsgranitegranite

thicketsthicketstorrenttorrentterracedterraced

More Words to KnowMore Words to Knowremoteremoteruggedrugged

venturedventuredadobeadobe

highlandhighlandterracesterraces

torrenttorrent a violent, rushing a violent, rushing

stream of waterstream of water

thicketsthicketsbushes or bushes or small trees small trees growing growing

close close togethertogether

curiositycuriosityan eager desire an eager desire to know or learnto know or learn

terracedterraced•formed into a flat, level land with steep sides; terraces are often made in hilly areas to create more space for farming

gloriousgloriousmagnificent; magnificent;

splendidsplendid

ruinsruinswhat is left after a what is left after a building, wall, etc., building, wall, etc., has fallen to pieceshas fallen to pieces

granitegranitea very hard gray or a very hard gray or

pink rock that is pink rock that is formed when lava formed when lava

cools slowly cools slowly undergroundunderground

remoteremote•out of the way; secluded

venturedventureddared to come dared to come or go (to a new or go (to a new

or unknown or unknown place)place)

ruggedruggedcovered with covered with rough edges; rough edges; rough and rough and

unevenuneven

adobeadobebuilt with bricks made built with bricks made from clay baked in the from clay baked in the

sunsun

highlandhighlandrelated to a region related to a region that is higher and that is higher and

hillier than the hillier than the neighboring neighboring countrysidecountryside

terracesterracesflat raised levelsflat raised levels of land of land with straight or sloping with straight or sloping

sides. Terraces are often sides. Terraces are often made one above the made one above the other in hilly other in hilly areas to create areas to create more space for more space for

raising crops.raising crops.

Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

Archeologists have curiosity about people who lived long ago.

They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

They had to cut their way through jungles with thickets full of dangerous animals.

Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

Professor Bingham discovered the lost ruins of Machu Picchu.

What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

What looks like rocks to us might be a glorious sight to a scientist.

The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

The terraced fields on the side of the mountain were for growing crops.

Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

Granite cliffs rose thousands of feet above the river.

The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

The farmers cut terraces on steep hillsides to create flat places to farm.

A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

A farmer’s home was usually a one-room adobe hut.

They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

They had to cross mountain rivers that fall in a raging torrent.

Nights in the highlands were very cold.

Nights in the highlands were very cold.

Writing Assignment Writing Assignment Write a Poem Write a Poem

Write a brief poem using Write a brief poem using at least 3 spelling words. at least 3 spelling words.

The poem may be rhyming The poem may be rhyming or non-rhyming.or non-rhyming.

It may be about any It may be about any acceptable subject matter.acceptable subject matter.

Spelling WordsSpelling Words Syllable Patterns Syllable Patterns vv/cv and vc/v/cv and vc/v

When the vowel sound in the first When the vowel sound in the first syllable is syllable is longlong, divide after the vowel., divide after the vowel.

bbaasicsicvvaacant cant sseecretcrettrtriipodpodlloocust cust

lloocalcalttiigergerbbeewarewareddoonatenateeemotionmotion

Spelling WordsSpelling Words Syllable Patterns Syllable Patterns vv/c/cvv and and vvc/c/vv

When the vowel sound in the first syllable is When the vowel sound in the first syllable is shortshort, divide after the consonant., divide after the consonant.

hhoonornornnoovelvellliizardzardtrtriibutebutespspiinachnach

sseeccoondndccaabinbinhhaabitbitdrdraagongonoolivelive

CHALLENGECHALLENGE iiciclescicles

lleemonademonade mmoomentummentum

eeconomyconomy iisoscelessosceles

This Week’s Word Wall WordsThis Week’s Word Wall Words

ancient civilizationsexplorerscolonial mission

Mayflower Compact

Let’s review our Spelling words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment. We can clap as we spell the word, or we might just practice reading the words.