Lower animalsLower animals

•SpongesSponges•CnidariansCnidarians•Unsegmented Unsegmented wormsworms

SpongesSponges

Phylum: Phylum: PoriferaPorifera

Form & FunctionForm & Function•Body wall around Body wall around

central central

cavitycavity•Pores Pores

•Water moves in Water moves in by flagella on by flagella on collar cellscollar cells

•HH22O moves out O moves out of osculumof osculum

Make-upMake-up

•Spicule skeletonSpicule skeletonCaCoCaCo33 or SiO or SiO22

•Spongin Spongin

proteinprotein

Life processesLife processes•Filter feedersFilter feeders•Water flowWater flow

–Excretory, Excretory, respiratory& respiratory& internal transportinternal transport

ReproductionReproduction

•SexualSexual•GemmulesGemmules–Like a sporeLike a spore

•BuddingBudding

Nervous systemNervous system

•No brainsNo brains•No No

feelingsfeelings

In the worldIn the world

•Shrimp snails Shrimp snails worms bacteria worms bacteria live in, on, and live in, on, and under themunder them

People usesPeople uses

•Bath spongesBath sponges•MedicinesMedicines–Natural toxins Natural toxins against bacteriaagainst bacteria

Phylum: Phylum:

CnidariaCnidaria

What are theyWhat are they

•Soft bodied Soft bodied animalsanimals

•Tentacles Tentacles around the around the mouthmouth

2 stages of Life2 stages of Life

•PolypPolyp–stationary stagestationary stage

•MedusaMedusa–Motile bell-shapeMotile bell-shape

Polyp stagePolyp stage

Medusa stageMedusa stage

Digestion & Digestion & FeedingFeeding

•Gastrovascular Gastrovascular cavitycavity

•NematocystsNematocysts•Use photosynthesisUse photosynthesis

Nervous systemNervous system

•No brainNo brain•Nerve net on Nerve net on mouthmouth–For feedingFor feeding

Class:HydrozoaClass:Hydrozoa•HydraHydra•Usually polypsUsually polyps•Some Some hermaphroditeshermaphrodites

•Ex. Portuguese man-Ex. Portuguese man-o-waro-war

Class:ScyphozoaClass:Scyphozoa

•JellyfishJellyfish•Most harmless Most harmless Cause painCause pain

•Few can KillFew can Kill

Class:AnthozoaClass:Anthozoa

•Anenomes & Anenomes & coralscorals

•In tide poolsIn tide pools•Make-up reefsMake-up reefs

Cnidarians in Cnidarians in the worldthe world•Reef ecosystemsReef ecosystems•medicinesmedicines

Unsegmented Unsegmented wormsworms

•PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminthes–FlatwormsFlatworms

•NematodaNematoda–RoundwormsRoundworms

PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminthes

•PlatyPlaty–flatflat

•HelminthHelminth–wormworm

PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminthes

Simplest animals Simplest animals with bilateral with bilateral symmetrysymmetry

Lifestyles of Lifestyles of the Flat and the Flat and simple simple BrainedBrained•Free-livingFree-living•ParasitesParasites

Free-livingFree-living•Eat with mouth Eat with mouth & pharynx& pharynx

•Excrete Excrete through mouththrough mouth

ParasitesParasites

•Absorb digested Absorb digested nutrientsnutrients

•Pharynx- Pharynx- intestinal sacintestinal sac

CirculationCirculation•No circulatory No circulatory systemsystem

•Diffusion used to Diffusion used to transporttransport

Nervous systemNervous system

•Simple brainSimple brain•Long nerve cordLong nerve cord•Ocelli eye spotOcelli eye spot

ExamplesExamples

•PlanariansPlanarians

ExamplesExamples

•FlukesFlukes

ExamplesExamples

•TapewormsTapeworms

Phylum:Phylum:NematodaNematoda

RoundwormsRoundworms

Life-styles…Life-styles…

•Both Parasites & Both Parasites & free-livingfree-living

•Round tube Round tube shaped w/ shaped w/ bothboth mouth and anusmouth and anus

CirculationCirculation

•No internal No internal transporttransport

•Goes through Goes through body wallbody wall

Nervous systemNervous system•No BrainsNo Brains•Ganglia nervesGanglia nerves•Detect chemicals Detect chemicals and movementand movement

ReproductionReproduction

•Sexual- must be Sexual- must be inside host to inside host to reproduce.reproduce.

IN the worldIN the world

•Hookworm- Hookworm- enter the footenter the foot

•TrichonosisTrichonosis–TrichinellaTrichinella

Filarial Worms-Circulatory and Lymphatic System

exploded intestine

Pinworms