Loyalists Loyalists were American

colonists who remained loyal to the Great Britain About 15%-20% of the

colonies Many Loyalists fled the

country at the start of the Revolution

Many were older, wealthy merchants

Active in the Church of England The national church

Patriots Came from many

different backgrounds Believed “taxation

without representation” was illegal

Mostly ordinary men and women (farmers, mechanics, homemakers, and shopkeepers)

These middle and lower classes didn’t like their economic situation◦ Largely due to British

taxation

The ArgumentsLo

yalis

tsPatriots

1. A strong unified British Empire is good for all2. Colonists are British

subjects and should obey British law

3. Taxes are due to French & Indian War which was fought to protect colonies

4. American colonies would be weak without Britain

5. Colonies profit from trade with England

6. Colonies are too far away from England to have representation in Parliament,

its just not practical

1. People have rights government can’t take away, like property2. Taxation takes away property (i.e. – money and goods)

3. Colonists don’t have voice in Parliament, so they can’t tax colonies (No taxation without representation)4. There’s no way colonies could ever be represented – Parliament’s too far

5. Many colonists fought in the French & Indian War (we’ve done our part)6. British personnel are causing violence, riots, and death (Boston Massacre & Boston Tea Party)

Fighting the American Revolution

“A World Turned Upside Down”

Jumpstart Pick up a notes packet and your journal.

Get out a pencil.

Patriots at the Beginning…ADVANTAGES

Were fighting for their land and believed cause = VERY determined

George Washington as their leader

Foreign supplies and soldiers

DISADVANTAGES

Lack of experience in fighting & needed supplies

OutnumberedWeak navy

Redcoats at the Beginning…

ADVANTAGESGenerals had a

wide range of experience

Understood strategy

Well-trained Highly disciplinedWell-supplied

DISADVANTAGESTook weeks (or

months) to get needed supplies and reinforcements

Difficulty adapting to “hit and run” warfare

The Early War Early on, both sides

adopted the same strategy Wanted to win in one

big battle Neither side was able

to accomplish this Patriots suffered huge

losses and morale is low Washington decided to

go on the defensive Hoped to tire out the

British

New British Strategy British were ordered

to capture New YorkCentral locationCoast line for supplies

From New York, they would capture Massachusetts the

of the rebellion

The Battle of Saratoga (1777) British are beaten back

by colonial forces British surrender Significance of

Saratoga: Major defeat for the BritishShows that the colonists

have a chance to winFrance becomes an ally of

the colonies Considered a turning point in the war

Europe Helps the Colonies Spain hoped to

gain more land France was angry

over losing the French & Indian War

This caused the British to fight three enemies at once Had to spread their

resources

Europeans Helps the ColoniesMarquis de Lafayette

French nobleman who volunteered to fight under Washington

Used his own money to buy soldiers clothes

Influential in many battles

Persuaded French king to send 6,000 men to fight for the colonies

Baron von Steuben Prussian (modern day

Germany) general Helped Washington

train and discipline troops at Valley Forge

Jumpstart Pick up your journal. Get out the picture

notes from Friday and a pencil.

Jumpstart Pre-AP Pick up your journal and pick up a copy

of the test review. Turn in your Declaration of

Independence (AND the six brainstorming questions) to the tray.

Winter at Valley Forge 1777-78 Fighting stopped during

winter Temperatures were anywhere

from 6-12 degrees F Washington’s army camped

in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania Lacked EVERYTHING!

¼ died from malnutrition or disease

Showed endurance and determination Respected Washington too

much to desert

Sorry guys…my

bad!This

sucks.

I want my mommy!

After Valley Forge, battles began happening on the seas as well as land

John Paul Jones was commander of the Bonhomme Richard

Won a significant naval battle against Great Britain (the best navy in the world) Angered the British

BUT inspired the colonists

“I have not yet begun to fight!”

The Battle of Yorktown, October 1781British General Cornwallis

set up his base camp on Yorktown peninsula

French ships blocked the bay British cannot receive

supplies or retreat Washington trapped him

by land Bombarded the Redcoats

with cannon fire Cornwallis surrendered PATRIOTS WIN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Create-A-Treaty (Pre-AP)Discuss with your group members and write these questions – and your answers – in your journal.1.What is the new status of the colonies?2.What will happen to British troops and forts stationed in the United States?3.What are the new boundary lines for the United States?4.What happens to Loyalist property that was confiscated by Patriots?5.What happens to the debt each side (Americans and British) owes? Who should pay the debt?6.What happens to the runaway slaves that fought for the Redcoats?

Create-A-Treaty1. What is the new status of the colonies?

A. Completely free and independentB. Remain colonies but with representation in ParliamentC. Joint control of colonial lands

2. What will happen to British troops and forts stationed in the United States?

A. All will stayB. All will leaveC. Half with leave and the rest will stay

3. What are the new boundary lines for the United States?

A. Atlantic to PacificB. Atlantic to AppalachianC. Atlantic to Mississippi

Create-A-Treaty4. What happens to Loyalist property that was

confiscated by Patriots?A. All is given back to LoyalistsB. All is kept by the United StatesC. Given back to Loyalists older than 40 years

5. What happens to the debt each side (Americans and British) owes? Who should pay the debt?

A. United States pays it allB. Great Britain pays it allC. Each side pays their respective debt

6. What happens to the runaway slaves that fought for the Redcoats?

A. They are allowed to move the Great Britain and obtain freedom

B. They are property of the United StatesC. They are given back to their original owners

The Treaty of Paris, 1783

1. Colonies are “free and independent states”

2. British must remove all troops

3. New boundary from Atlantic to MississippiA. Northern and Southern

border were Canada and Florida

4. Loyalist rights and property were protected

5. Each side repays its debts

6. Captured slaves must be returned to owners

Jump StartCome in and get out your notes and your review

You have 20 minutes to work silently

Whatever you do not finish is homework

We will grade them first thing tomorrow

Jumpstart 11/4 On Level Classes – Turn in your

Declaration of Independence to the inbox.

Get out a pencil and your spiral. You will need your spiral after the Tug Of War game.

Reminders: Study your vocabulary for tomorrow’s quiz! Your test review will be graded IN CLASS

on Thursday!

Tug-of-War Comparison NotesTug-of-War Simulation American Revolution

1. Red Team has the strongest people

2. Blue Team has the smaller, weaker people

3. Blue Team would get a prize for winning, but the Red Team would not

4. White Team cheered for the Blue Team

5. Half of the Red Team had to start farther away

6. White Team joined the Blue Team

4 Corners Review Significance of Lexington and Concord…

1. Final battle of the Revolution2. Turning point of the Revolution3. First battle of the Revolution 4. Declared the colonies independent

4 Corners Review Significance of the year 1776…

1. Battle of Saratoga2. Declaration of Independence was

written3. Ending of the Revolutionary War4. Battle of Lexington and Concord

4 Corners Review Saratoga is significant because…

1. It ended the Revolutionary War2. It was a major loss for the colonies3. The Redcoats gained New York4. France became an ally of the colonies

4 Corners Review Marquis de Lafayette and Baron von

Steuben helped the Continental Army by providing…1. Food and shelter2. Money, supplies, and military training3. Information about the Redcoats’

strategy4. Ships to arm our weak navy

4 Corners Review Yorktown is a significant battle of the

American Revolution because it was the…1. Final battle of the Revolution2. Turning point of the Revolution3. First battle of the Revolution 4. Declared the colonies independent

4 Corners Review Which of the following was NOT a term of

the Treaty of Paris of 1783…1. Colonies are “free and independent

states”2. British must remove all troops3. New boundary from Atlantic to the

Appalachian Mountains4. Captured slaves must be returned to

owners