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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 SUMMIT STATION LONG RANGE PLAN Transforming Summit Station from the legacy of GISP2 …
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
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Transforming Summit Station from the legacy of GISP2 …
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
… through the International Polar Year 2007-2008 …
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
… into a sustainable future.
Artist sketches depicting future Summit Station were prepared by Maria Coryell-Martin
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
A long range plan presenting a sustainable vision for a key international Arctic
observatory.
Jointly prepared for the NSF by VECO Polar Resources and the Summit Science Coordination Office
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Welcome to Summit StationHigh Elevation Arctic research facility at summit of Greenland Ice Sheet
Easy Access via C-�30’s & small aircraft
National Science Foundation provides funding
VECO Polar Resources provides logistical support
Memorandum of Understanding between US State Department, Danish Polar Centre & Greenlandic Home Rule Government
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Summit Station72º 34’ N, 38º 29’ W
3250 m.a.s.l.
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
0 C to -40 C Summer temperature range
-25 C to -60 C Winter temperature range
70 cm/year snow accumulation rate
Nominally southern mode to prevailing wind direction
Frequent storms during mid-winter & early spring
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Living & Working in an Extreme Environment
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Approaching 20 Years of Science at Summit
2003 – IPY: Key component of Arctic & global atmospheric observation system (GAW, BSRN,NOAA-ESRL)
1989 – IPY: Air-snow exchange & remote Arctic troposphere research every year; growing demands by diverse disciplines & as test bed for innovative technology (e.g., TUMBLE WEED, COOL ROBOTS, GEOBRICKS, CHRONOS, DISC drill, electric snow vehicles)
1989-93: Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP2) deep ice core drilling & ice core interpretation
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Summit’s Science Legacy
GISP2 provided unprecedented high resolution record of ��0k yr of Earth’s climate & atmospheric chemistry
Studies of air-snow chemical exchange defined important “transfer functions”
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Ice Coring
In �993 GISP2 recovered a 3,053.44 m ice core, the deepest recovered in the world at the time.
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
�st measurements of NOx production in sunlit snow launched field of snow photochemistry
Improved understanding of global oxidation cycle through H2O2 & CH2O experiments
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Atmospheric Chemistry
Summit’s Science Legacy
Stratospheric ozonesondes launched by NOAA monitor ozone hole
Site for baseline measurements of globally important gases & aerosols in troposphere & stratosphere
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Uniquely at SummitHigh-elevation location on ice sheet
Year-round access for sampling Arctic free-troposphere
Sole northern hemisphere analog for Antarctica
Facility for polar ice sheet intercomparisons with Antarctic locations (i.e. Dome-C and WAIS)
No melting (yet!)
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
A Cornerstone of Arctic ResearchArctic Observing Network & IASOA
Critical observations of key climate parameters
Technology Test Bed
Unique proving ground for space exploration technologies & developing autonomous instrumentation
Continuing Ice Coring
Paleo-climate studies essential to assessing present day climate variability
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Remote Measurements & Satellite Validation
Increased use of remote sensing instruments (Lidar, radar, etc.)
Ground truthing Arctic & ice sheet satellite measurements
Campaign Support
Collaborative experiments capitalizing on natural & pristine laboratory of Summit
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
A Cornerstone of Arctic Research
Map of the IASOA Network.
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Pressing Science Concerns
Deficient “clean air” sampling facility
Insufficient lab and office space
Inadequate balloon launching facilities
Saturated communications bandwidth
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
50+ stair descent into “clean air” facility
Large balloon launches must be done outside �2 months of the year
Small balloon launches from shop conflict with vehicle maintenance
Over-crowded science lab & office space
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
“The snow remembers these insults.” - Jack Dibb, Summit PI
Pollution Impacts Science
�5% down time in “clean air” measurements due to pollution from camp
2006 study (Hagler) shows historic “soot” levels in �-m snow pits more than 2x higher on station than �0 km away
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Snow removal = Air pollution
Station reliant on diesel power
Each C-�30 flight burns an average of 345 gallons of diesel fuel on station
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Functionally Obsolete Facilities
Facilities operating �0+ years beyond their original design life
High maintenance snow removal – annual accumulation & persistent winter storms bury buildings
Inefficient structures – e.g., year round buildings with 20% the recommended insulation
Missing infrastructure – e.g., main facility relies on bulk water delivery
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Main facility operating �0+ years beyond design life
Buried buildings = High maintenance hand digging & polluting equipment use
Hauling water takes over 200 hours per year & adds to air pollution
Huge heating demand from poorly insulated tents
roof line
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Beyond IPY: A Vision for SummitModel international research facility for leading-edge multidisciplinary science
Arctic, polar & global application
Continuous & sustained geophysical measurements
Intensive multidisciplinary collaborative campaigns
Test bed for new sensors & technology
Sustainable scientific observatorySustainable infrastructure, renewable energy, minimum pollution, year-round operation for diverse, high-impact science
A 2�st century ’model of innovation’
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Develop innovative, comprehensive solutions that maximize energy & operational efficiency while supporting a growing research program
Provide state of the art year-round facilities based on a solid understanding of the emerging needs of the research community
Provide flexible, seasonal facilities that meet a range of demands
Increase dissemination of knowledge from Summit to the global community
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Goals for Summit
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Appropriate Technology Renewable energy
Superior building standards
Low maintenance innovations
Zero-emissions vehicles
An Informed Approach Detailed requirements gathering and studies
Phased, modular development
Proven technology
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TeamworkNSF OPP, VPR & SCO
Involve experts - e.g., National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Cold Regions Research & Engineering Lab (CRREL)
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Planning Principles for Summit:
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
A New Summit
Innovative Hybrid Power System
Semi-Autonomous Modular Structures
Pristine Atmospheric Watch Observatory
Operationally Efficient Vehicle Workspace
Highly Efficient Core Permanent Facility
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
A New Summit:The Phased Approach
Phase �:Power System
Vehicle Workspace
Pressing Science Needs
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Phase 2:Core Permanent Facility
Adding Renewables
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Phase 3:Core Permanent Facility
Mobile Structures
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
DC Bus
Rotary Converter
Controled DumpLoad
AC BusACDC
AC Diesels
Battery
Control SystemInnovative master controls facilitate renewable energy integration
Diesel Generators
Station Distribution Grid
Core Power System
Input from RE Pilot Project to test hybrid concept
Appropriate Technology
Phased, modular development
Teamwork (NREL)
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Sized for large vehicles & other uses
Building-integrated solar & daylighting
Ski-mounted for operational efficiency
Vehicle Workspace
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Vehicle Maintenance Facility for Haley Station in Antarctica – Photo Courtesy BAS
Appropriate Technology
Proven TechnologyLow Maintenance
Innovation
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Pressing Science ConcernsReplace deficient ‘clean air’ facility with pristine, sustainable observatory
Dedicated balloon launch facility, similar to South Pole Station
Increase communications bandwidth
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Superior Building Technology
Detailed Requirements Gathering
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Core Facilities on Elevated Platforms
Year-round work & winter-over living space
Year-round lab & office space for science
Phase I: Central hybrid power plant
Superior Building Technology
Low Maintenance InnovationPhased, Modular Development
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
DC Bus
Rotary Converter
Controled DumpLoad
AC BusACDC
AC Diesels
Battery
Control System
Adding Renewables
Thermal & electrical storagePhase I: Diesel Generators
�50 kW wind turbines
Station Distribution Grid
Phase I: Innovative master controls
35 kW photovoltaic panels
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Renewable
EnergyProven TechnologyPhased, Modular
DevelopmentTeamwork (NREL)
RE Pilot Project: A 6kW wind turbine installed at Summit in May 2007
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Core Permanent Facility
Kitchen & dining facility
Year-round lab & office space for science
Central hybrid power plant
Year-round work & winter-over living space
Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 2 Phase �
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Semi-Autonomous Mobile StructuresFlexible, re-configurable interiors to meet a range of demands
Ski-mounted for operational efficiency
Integrated solar electrical & thermal panels
Daylighting
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Meeting Fluctuating Needs
10
20
30
40
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60
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Summit Population Projection 2007
Superior Building TechnologyLow Maintenance
InnovationPhased, Modular
Development
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Sustainable solutions are comprehensive & inter-reliant.
Though phased & modular, each element is necessary to the whole picture.
Sustainability: It All Fits Together
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Sustainability: It All Fits Together
Power systemVehicle workspacePressing science needs$�0M
Core permanent facilityAdding renewables$6M
Core permanent facilityMobile structures$�0M
Phase �: Phase 2: Phase 3:
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Using Experience to Support the Vision
CRRELTraverse feasibility study
Snow accumulation site study
Sled-mounted infrastructure studies
Platform-mounted infrastructure studies
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NRELHigh penetration hybrid power system design assistance
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Reduces aircraft pollution on station & over ice sheet
Extends science season & opportunities
Reduces cargo constraints
Eases delivery of autonomous mobile structures
Cost effective
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Overland Traverse to Summit
C-130 aircraft burn a gallon
to deliver a gallon.
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Traverse Route Considerations
Overland Route Thule to Summit (potentially via NEEM),
700+ Miles Airlift Route Kanger to Summit, 380 Miles
ThuleNEEM
Summit
Kanger
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
TractorsCase QuadTrac preferred
Good towing capacity, efficiency & comfort
Support SledsLiving & power modules
Fuel SledsSteel tank sleds
Bladders sleds
Cargo SledsFood, parts, bulk cargo sled
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Traverse Fleet Considerations
1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Summit Transformed
Saving resources:Up to 30,000 gallons of diesel fuel annually
Reduced labor for snow removal, water delivery and seasonal maintenance & construction
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Summit Station leads the way in sustainable solutions for science support.
Increasing science opportunities:Reduced emissions
Cost efficient operations
Potential traverse route
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1989 1997 2003 IPY Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3SUMMIT STATION LONG R ANGE PLAN
Pursuing the Summit Station vision yields a model sustainable scientific research station inside the world’s largest national park.
Summit Station facilitates key discoveries in atmospheric and climate change studies, fosters development of innovative autonomous technology, with minimal environmental impact.
Summit Transformed
For more information, contact: Sandy Starkweather ([email protected])Jack Dibb ([email protected])
