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LTE Portfolio Webinar
LTE Portfolio Webinar Outline
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1. LTE Intro
2. 4G Simulators
• LTE PHY Lab (Description and toolbox contents)
• LTE MAC Lab (Description and toolbox contents
3. LTE STACKS
4. Q&A
LTE Introduction
LTE Introduction 3GPP Systems’ Evolution
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1997 2000 2005 2009 2011/2012
LTE LTE-Advanced
2G 3G 3.9G 3.5G 4G
1992
GPRS
2.5G
GSM UMTS HSPA
Phase 1
Phase 2
Rel. 96
Rel. 97
Rel. 98
Rel. 99
Rel. 4
Rel. 5
Rel. 6
Rel. 7
Rel. 8
Rel. 9
Rel. 10
Rel. 11
3GPP
Release
Voice only 14.4kbps UL: 128kbps
DL: 384kbps
UL: 11Mbps
DL: 28Mbps
UL: 75Mbps
DL: 325Mbps
UL: 500Mbps
DL: 1Gbps
Highest
Data Rate
LTE Introduction Goals / Requirements for LTE and SAE
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eNB
eNB
Standardization work for LTE and SAE started in December 2004
IMS/Services/ Internet/PSTN
WiMAX
EPC
GERAN/ UTRAN
cdma200
Fixed
High data rate/low latency/packet optimized RAN All IP based/flat core network architecture
LTE Goals/Requirements
• High speed (up to 350km/h)
• Low latency (below 10ms)
• Large throughputs (DL 100Mbps, UL 50Mbps)
• VoIP Capacity (200 users in 5MHz BW)
• Lower bit cost
• Flexible and scalable BW and spectrum
• Flat RAN network (only eNBs)
SAE Goals/Requirements
• Access for all NWs (interworking/global roaming)
• IMS for all NWs
• Easy migration to EPS (from 2G/3G networks)
• Flat IP network (‘always-on’ concept)
• QoS Support for all services
• Policy and charging
aGW
LTE Network Network Architecture and Radio Interface Features
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• Multicarrier Transmission: DL OFDMA, UL SC-FDMA
• Shared data channels with fast update (1ms) and multi-
layer retransmissions
• Adaptive Modulation and Coding
• Multi Antenna Transmission: DL MIMO (2 or 4 antennas)
• Scalable System BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz
• Quality-of-Service on Radio Interface
Radio Interface Technologies
eNB
LTE Radio Interface
SGW
MME
eNB
eNB
PGW
HSS
Uu
Uu
S11
S6a
S5 S1-U
S1-MME
X2
Internet /
IMS ...
LTE Network
LTE Radio Interface Protocol Stack
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Control Plane User Plane
L3 NAS
L3 RRC
L2 PDCP
L2 RLC
L2 MAC
PDCP
RLC
MAC
RRC
Application
PDCP
RLC
MAC
RLC
MAC
PHY L1 PHY PHY PHY
IP
PDCP
Radio Bearer
Management
Config of L2/L1
Ciphering
Integrity protection
Segment/Concat.
ARQ
Scheduling
HARQ
Multiplexing
Processing
Resource Mapping
Ciphering
Header Compression
Seq Number Maintain
The same
functions
as in Control
Plane
EPS Session Management:
Manage PDN
connections/QoS
EPS Mobility Management:
Security/mobility mngmt
Towards PGW
Towards
IMS/Internet
Uu
eNB
Uu
eNB
LT
E R
el.
8
LT
E R
el.
9
LT
E R
el.
10
MIMO
TF Scheduling
OFDMA/SCFDMA
HARQ
Reduced architecture
Adaptive-MCS
MBMS based on SFN
SON
Carrier Agregation (wider BW)
Relaying
Extended DL MIMO (8x8)
2009 2008 2010 2011 2012
Commercial deployment
Location Services
UL MIMO (4x4)
Enhanced Home eNB & HetNet
LT
E R
el.
11
Coordinated Multipoint Tx/Rx
MTC (M2M Communications)
eICIC and Relays
Specs freezing target
december 2012
LTE-Advanced
Specs Freezing
December 2008
Specs Freezing
December 2009
Specs Freezing
March 2011
Standardization
LTE Towards 4G Features’ Roadmap
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4G Simulators
Reasons For System Modelling For Various Players in the Value Chain
LTE PHY Lab v.1.2 – a link level simulator
LTE PHY Lab E-UTRA Physical Layer Model
MAC Layer Multipath Channel
eNB PHY TX
UE PHY RX
MAC Layer
Downlink
Uplink
• Implemented according to 3GPP Specifications
• Downlink & Uplink
• Single TX - single RX
• FDD and TDD versions
• Evaluates each individual bit
• All LTE MIMO Schemes
• Support for all LTE BWs
Main features of the LTE PHY Lab:
General Block Diagram of LTE PHY Lab
LTE PHY Lab can be used to model
link-level behavior of LTE system:
• fading & AWGN
• FEC performance
• modulation
• synchronization & channel estimation
• performance measures: thrpt vs SNIR
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101010111001… 101010111001…
Comprehensive implementation of the 3GPP Rel 8 E-UTRA PHY
MAC Layer Multipath Channel
eNB PHY RX
UE PHY TX
MAC Layer
101010111001… 101010111001… UPLINK
DOWNLINK
eNB
LTE PHY Lab DL: eNB Transmitter Block Structure
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LTE-Advanced in the LTE PHY Lab v.2
LTE PHY LabTM v.2.0 LTE-Advanced Features
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Physical channels and signals
Downlink PRS, CSI-RS, UE RS
Uplink PUCCH format 3
• Downlink • Extended SU-MIMO (up to 8 antennas)
• Support for Carrier Aggregation with up to 5 Component Carriers
• Release 9 PRS
• Release 10 UE Specific RS
• Release 10 CSI RS
• Uplink • Uplink SU-MIMO for PUSCH (up to 4 antennas)
• Uplink Spatial Diversity (SORTD) for PUCCH
• Support for Carrier Aggregation with up to 5 Component Carriers
• Clustered SC-FDMA
• New PUCCH format 3 for Aggregated HARQ-ACK Transmission for CA Support
• Possibility for simoultaneous transmission for PUCCH and PUSCH
eNB
eNB
LTE PHY Lab v.2.0 DL: eNB Transmitter
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LTE MAC Lab – a system level simulator
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• Downlink and Uplink
• Multiple Mobiles
• Pathloss, shadowing and multipath
• RRM functionalities
LTE MAC Lab models radio network:
• scheduling
• interference
• mobility
• propagation
Main Features of the LTE MAC Lab:
channel
MAC
Packet Traffic
MAC
Packet Traffic
MAC
Packet Traffic
channel
LTE PHY Lab
eNB UE 1 … UE x
General Block Diagram of 4G System LabTM
Reflects Dynamic Radio System Behavior
LTE MAC Lab
L1: PHY L1: PHY L1: PHY
LTE MAC Lab System Level Simulator
LTE MAC Lab General Algorithm Flow
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Start
Generate channels
Generate UEs’ positions and mobility settings
t = 0
Scheduling & Link Adaptation
PHY Layer abstraction and evaluation for all links
Update results and statistics
t = tend?
t = t+TTI
Stop
Update UE locations and propagation
conditions
y
n
Traffic generation
LTE STACKS – LTE L2/L3 Protocols Implementation
LTE STACKS Overview
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The features of the LTE STACKS implementation include:
• Implementation in ANSI-C portable on various hardware platforms
• Multi-threading for support of parallelism of several entities
• Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for independence on underlying hardware
platforms
• NAS / RRC interworking (e.g. state machines interworking, NAS message
encapsulation within proper RRC message)
• NAS / RRC procedures (e.g. taking proper actions upon receiving specific
message)
• Individual L2 protocol configuration by RRC
• RRC encoding / decoding with the use of ASN.1
• L2 processing algorithms (e.g. ciphering, segmentation)
• Individual L2 protocol procedures (e.g. data processing) and L2 interworking
procedures (e.g. MAC-RLC data exchange)
• PDU creation for each L2 protocol
• PHY layer parameters configuration (e.g. DCI setting)
• RRM functionalities (e.g. scheduler, link adaptation, handover, admission /
congestion control)
• Support for interworking with GSM and UMTS (e.g. NAS and RRC messages and
configuration)
LTE STACKS LTE UE and eNB STACK
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LTE UE STACK is a complete implementation of UE L2 and L3 protocols according to 3GPP E-UTRA Rel. 10
LTE eNB STACK is a complete implementation of eNB L2 and L3 protocols according to 3GPP E-UTRA Release 10. It also consists of
Radio Resource Management (RRM) framework and supports handling of multiple UE as well as connectivity to other eNB entities and MME.
LTE STACKS Supporting Software: LTE TEST TOOL
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• LTE Test Tool is a supporting application for analysis and high level testing of the LTE STACKS. • LTE Test Tool may be used for LTE protocol testing, verification of implementation and observation of signaling. • It is an application of protocol tester for visualization of both, the behavior and signaling of each protocol, as well as overall inter node (UE
and eNB) communications.