Lynas Environmental Management

Lynas Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health Management Systems

• Hazards and risks regulated primarily by the AELB, DOE and DOSH

• Management involves hazards identification, Risks assessment, Risks Control and Continuous Improvements

• Management involves:– Regulatory control through license

conditions– Regulators audits and inspections– Third party audit and monitoring– Self-regulations– Recognition by peers, stakeholders

and independent parties

Safety and Health at LAMP and

the environment

Regulatory Compliance

Regulatory Monitoring

Self Regulation by

Lynas

Third Party Monitoring

Recognition by peers and stakeholders

Lynas is compliant with its License Conditions

FOSL

EIA

OSH

others

TOL 1st (2 yrs)FOSL 2nd

(2 yrs) FOSL 3rd FOSL (3 yrs) [50 major conditions]

78 EIA AC Conditions

NOT under CIMAH regulations

MBK, MOH etc

Routine audits inspections by AELB

Routine audits and inspection by DOE/3rd party

Routine inspection by DOSH Inspections

4

Lynas implements TWO Environmental Management Systems:

RADIOLOGICAL and NON-RADIOLOGICAL

Safety, Health and Environmental Management

Radiation Safety and Health Management (RSHM) at LAMP

Radiation Safety and Health

Radiation Protection Program (adopts RSMS and OHSAS

18001)

AELB regulatory Monitoring and Audit

AELB FOSL conditions

RSHM is an integral and important part of the overall SHES Systems at the LAMP

1. Occupational exposure

2. AMS

Public and environmental exposure and impactCarried out by 3rd party

Monitoring Programs - radiation

• Radiation:

– 4 types of monitoring programs by Lynas:

a) Occupational Exposure Monitoring Program,

b) Environmental Radiation Monitoring Program,

c) Aerosol Monitoring System and

d) AELB monitoring

– Lynas monitoring is carried out by 3rd party consultant accredited by the AELB up to 20 km

– Real time and online monitoring using AMS located at LAMP and Kuantan

– AELB independent monitoring

– Lynas self regulatory monitoring

– Data available on line, and reported routinely. (The web address is: https://175.142.36.205/public/map/)

– To date Lynas carried out 43 environmental and

occupational monitoring

Monitoring is carried out independently by the regulators and 3rd party and Lynas Monitoring Programs - environment

• Environmental:– 3rd party audit and inspection approved by DOE

– DOE routine regulatory inspection

– Lynas carries out it own monitoring and inspections

– Data presented on-line and display on digital board located at gate 1 for public to view

Monitoring Monitoring frequency VendorMonitoring, YTD

(Jan,2010 – July,2018)

Ambient air Monthly PERMULAB 91Balok River Monthly PERMULAB 91Groundwater Monthly PERMULAB 91Noise level Monthly PERMULAB 91Stack sampling Half- yearly PERMULAB 17Final Discharge Point Daily

WeeklyESM 2,795

394 (starts 2011)Storm Retention Pond Daily

WeeklyESM 2,795

394 (starts 2011)Sewerage Treatment Plant Weekly ESM 342 (starts 2012)

PERFORMANCES

9

Lynas is ISO certified with 3 integrated certifications

▪ Lynas Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. accredited with world-class certifications by Bureau Veritas and NIOSH Certification Sdn Bhd:

1. Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems - OHSAS 18001:2007

2. Environmental Management Systems- ISO 14001:2015

3. Quality Management Systems - ISO 9001:2015

Our Operational Standards align with International Standards for Safety, Environment, Quality and Social Responsibility

RADIATION PERFORMANCE

43 monitoring from December 2012 – March 2018 showed

NO radiological impact to public and environment

Permissible Limit for public = 1 mSv per year; Permissible Limit for radiation workers = 20 mSv per year

11

Work Section

Off-site of LAMP

Critical GroupExternal Radiation (mSv/year)

222Rn (mSv/year)

220Rn (mSv/year)

Dust (mSv/year) Total Dose

(mSv/year)238U 232Th

1 kmworkers working at adjacent plants

Equals background

0.002 0.01Equals background

0.03

5 km PublicEqualsbackground

Equals background

Equalsbackground

Equals background

Equals background

10 km PublicEqualsbackground

Equals background

Equals background

Equals background

Equals background

20 km PublicEquals background

Equals background

Equals background

Equals background

Equals background

NOTE: Dose values given an overestimate, MDL values were used for values less than MDL in calculating doses

NO change in External Radiation Dose Rates since LAMP started operation

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Dec

em

ber

20

12

(1

st…

Jan

uar

y 2

01

3 (

2n

d R

ou

nd

)

Feb

ruar

y 2

01

3 (

3rd

Ro

un

d)

Mar

ch 2

01

3 (

4th

Ro

un

d)

Ap

ril 2

01

3 (

5th

Ro

un

d)

May

20

13

(6

th R

ou

nd

)

Jun

e 2

01

3 (

7th

Ro

un

d)

July

20

13

(8

th R

ou

nd

)

Au

gust

20

13

(9

th R

ou

nd

)

Sep

tem

ber

20

13

(1

0th

…

Oct

ob

er

20

13

(1

1th

…

No

vem

ber

20

13

(1

2th

…

Dec

em

ber

20

13

(1

3th

…

Jan

uar

y 2

01

4 (

14

th R

ou

nd

)

Feb

ruar

y 2

01

4 (

15

th…

Mar

ch 2

01

4 (

16

th R

ou

nd

)

Ap

ril 2

01

4 (

17

th R

ou

nd

)

May

20

14

(1

8th

Ro

un

d)

Jun

e 2

01

4 (

19

th R

ou

nd

)

July

20

14

(2

0th

Ro

un

d)

Au

gust

20

14

(2

1th

Ro

un

d)

Sep

tem

ber

20

14

(2

2th

…

No

v 2

01

4 (

1st

Ro

un

d)

Jan

uar

y 2

01

5 (

2n

d R

ou

nd

)

Mar

ch 2

01

5 (

3rd

Ro

un

d)

May

20

15

(4

th R

ou

nd

)

July

20

15

(5

th R

ou

nd

)

Sep

tem

ber

20

15

(6

th…

No

vem

ber

20

15

(7

th…

Jan

uar

y 2

01

6 (

8th

Ro

un

d)

Mar

ch 2

01

6 (

9th

Ro

un

d)

May

20

16

(1

0th

Ro

un

d)

July

20

16

(1

1th

Ro

un

d)

Sep

tem

ber

20

16

(1

2th

…

No

vem

ber

20

16

(1

3th

…

Jan

uar

y 2

01

7 (

14

th R

ou

nd

)

Mar

ch 2

01

7 (

15

th R

ou

nd

)

May

20

17

(1

6th

Ro

un

d)

July

20

17

(7

th R

ou

nd

)

Sep

tem

ber

20

17

(1

8th

…

No

vem

ber

20

17

(1

9th

…

Jan

uar

y 2

01

8 (

20

th R

ou

nd

)

Mar

ch 2

01

8 (

21

st R

ou

nd

)

mSv

/ye

ar

Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program (ERMP)

External Radiation mSv/year (Excluding Background)

Offsite LAMP - 1 km

Offsite LAMP - 5 km

Offsite LAMP - 10 km

Offsite LAMP - 20 km

Genting Highland = 3.4 mSv/year

Public Dose Limit = 1mSv/year

Spikes at distances further than 5 km from LAMP indicates higher background radiation levels

NO CHANGE in Radon-Thoron levels since LAMP started operation

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1/1

0/2

01

2

1/1

2/2

01

2

1/0

2/2

01

3

1/0

4/2

01

3

1/0

6/2

01

3

1/0

8/2

01

3

1/1

0/2

01

3

1/1

2/2

01

3

1/0

2/2

01

4

1/0

4/2

01

4

1/0

6/2

01

4

1/0

8/2

01

4

1/1

0/2

01

4

1/1

2/2

01

4

1/0

2/2

01

5

1/0

4/2

01

5

1/0

6/2

01

5

1/0

8/2

01

5

1/1

0/2

01

5

1/1

2/2

01

5

1/0

2/2

01

6

1/0

4/2

01

6

1/0

6/2

01

6

1/0

8/2

01

6

1/1

0/2

01

6

1/1

2/2

01

6

1/0

2/2

01

7

1/0

4/2

01

7

1/0

6/2

01

7

1/0

8/2

01

7

1/1

0/2

01

7

1/1

2/2

01

7

1/0

2/2

01

8

1/0

4/2

01

8

1/0

6/2

01

8

Bq

/m3

Monitoring Date

Radon-Thoron (EEC) Measured by AMS at the LAMP & IPD

Radon 222 EEC LAMP (Radon)

Radon 220 EEC LAMP (Thoron)

Radon 222 EEC IPD (Radon)

Radon 220 EEC IPD (Thoron)

Radon 220 Background

Radon 222 Background

AELB occupational limits:Radon = 1481.6 Bq/m3

Thoron = 330 Bq/m3

14

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE

Envirnmental Monitoring Frequency

15

MonitoringMonitoring frequency

VendorMonitoring, YTD

(Jan,2010 – July,2018)Ambient air Monthly PERMULAB 91Balok River Monthly PERMULAB 91Groundwater Monthly PERMULAB 91Noise level Monthly PERMULAB 91Stack sampling Half- yearly PERMULAB 17Final Discharge Point Daily

WeeklyESM 2,795

394 (starts 2011)Storm Retention Pond Daily

WeeklyESM 2,795

394 (starts 2011)Sewerage Treatment Plant

Weekly ESM 342 (starts 2012)

16

MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

Janu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

y

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

pH

Effluent pH

pH Lower Limit Upper Limit

17

MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

Janu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

y

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

mg

/L

Total Suspended Solid (TSS)

SS Limit

18

MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

Janu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

y

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

mg

/L

Effluent Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

COD Limit

19

MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

Janu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

y

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

mg

/L

Iron (Fe)

Fe Limit

20

MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Janu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

yJune

July

Augu

st

Septe

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mbe

rD

ece

mbe

rJanu

ary

Feb

ruary

Ma

rch

April

Ma

y

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

mg

/L

Manganese (Mn)

Mn limit

Lynas has improved

and rectified this issue

RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY IN PERSPECTIVE

21

22

MaterialTypical Radioactivity (ppm)

ReferencesUranium thorium

Lynas NORM

Lanthanide

concentrate (3000

samples)

30 1413

Lynas

WLP (ERMP 13 -

19)31 1789

Amang

Raw tailing 189 – 1064 622 - 4965

Alnour et al. (2017) AIP Conference

Proceedings

Monazite 1076 – 1988 3467 - 33578

Zenotime 4053 5540

Zircon 309 – 3090 387 - 6339

Ilmenite 104 – 583 88 - 1205

Waste 5 – 338 9 - 1218

Comparison Between Radioactivity in Amang (Tin Tailing) and Lynas NORM

Lyas residue is comparabe

23

Lynas is DIFFERENT from Asia Rare Earth, Bukit Merah

Lynas Asia Rare Earth Remark

Raw Material Ore from Mt Weld,

Australia

Tin mining tailing

(amang) Malaysia

Thorium content in raw

material

0.16 % 6 % ARE is 37.5 x higher

than Lynas

Thorium Concentration

in residue

0.165 % 10 % ARE is 60 x higher

than Lynas

24

General Radiation Exposure relative to exposure from Lynas Operation

Normal Human Activity Annual Exposure (mSv/y)

Dose to lungs from smoking a pack of cigarette daily 150

Yearly dose to airline crew 9

Medical or dental X-ray > 0.39

Doses from Background radiation:

Worldwide average

Kerala coast, India

Norther Iran (Ramsar, Iran)

2.4

12.5

260

Lynas operation:

a. Workers at WLP RSF (radiation workers)

b. I km away (public)

2

Background

Permissible Dose Limit for Radiation Workers

Permissible Dose Limits for members of the public

20

1

-25-

WLP Residue Storage Facility is designed and

constructed to meet PDF standards

CONTROLLED

FILLDUAL LINER

SYSTEM

POLYETHYLENE

(HDPE) LINER

CLAY LINER

SCARIFY AND

RECOMPACT

PLACED AND

TRAFFIC

COMPACTED

WLP

RESIDUERAISES OF

CONTROLLED

FILL

EXISTING

GROUND

LEVEL

EXISTING

GROUND

LEVEL

EROSION

PROTECTION

DETAIL

Dual liner consists of a 300 mm low permeability compacted

clay liner overlaid with a 1.0 mm thick HDPE linerThe RSF is built on top (not excavated!!)