LYNDON JOHNSONLYNDON JOHNSON&&

THE GREAT SOCIETYTHE GREAT SOCIETY

Background / TriviaBackground / Trivia

Had represented Texas in Congress for 30 Had represented Texas in Congress for 30 years before becoming JFK’s VPyears before becoming JFK’s VP

He was 3 months old before his parents gave He was 3 months old before his parents gave him a namehim a name

Proposed to his wife on their first date!Proposed to his wife on their first date! His entire family had initials LBJ:His entire family had initials LBJ:

Wife-Lady Bird JohnsonWife-Lady Bird Johnson Daughters-Luci Baines Johnson & Linda Byrd Daughters-Luci Baines Johnson & Linda Byrd

JohnsonJohnson Dog-Little Beagle JohnsonDog-Little Beagle Johnson All lived on the LBJ ranch in TexasAll lived on the LBJ ranch in Texas He was known a Lightbulb Johnson in the White He was known a Lightbulb Johnson in the White

House (due to his habit of turning off all the lights House (due to his habit of turning off all the lights when leaving a room – grew up in Depression years)when leaving a room – grew up in Depression years)

Only P to witness the assassination of Only P to witness the assassination of the P he succeededthe P he succeeded

Only P ever sworn into office on Air Only P ever sworn into office on Air Force OneForce One

At 6’3”, our second tallest PAt 6’3”, our second tallest P Appointed the 1Appointed the 1stst black Supreme Court black Supreme Court

Justice, Thurgood MarshallJustice, Thurgood Marshall Could be very crass, rudeCould be very crass, rude

Many times held meetings withMany times held meetings withaides while on the toiletaides while on the toilet

Habit of stripping in front of any-Habit of stripping in front of any-body & jumping into White House poolbody & jumping into White House pool

Favorite saying was biblical – “Come, Favorite saying was biblical – “Come, let us reason together.”let us reason together.” But meant that he would be physically But meant that he would be physically

intimidating –in your face, grabbing & intimidating –in your face, grabbing & jabbing -until one would agree with himjabbing -until one would agree with him

LBJ’s 1LBJ’s 1stst Address to Congress: Address to Congress: November 27, 1963November 27, 1963

Addresses Congress shortly Addresses Congress shortly after the death of JFKafter the death of JFK

Vows to continue JFK’s policiesVows to continue JFK’s policies Peace CorpsPeace Corps Space ProgramSpace Program Civil RightsCivil Rights Commitment to West Berlin & Commitment to West Berlin &

South VietnamSouth Vietnam Asks for unity & cooperation in Asks for unity & cooperation in

pursuing JFK’s goalspursuing JFK’s goals Pledges support for the United Pledges support for the United

NationsNations Urges the passage of the Civil Urges the passage of the Civil

Rights BillRights Bill

Liberal Rulings of the Warren Court

Engel v. Vitale, 1962 decision outlawing mandatory school prayer

Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963 required that all indigent criminal defendants receive

publicly funded counsel (Florida law at time gave free counsel to indigent defendants only in capital cases)

Miranda v. Arizona, 1966 Right against self-incrimination in any proceeding

that could lead to a criminal charge; not just at trial - starts with arrest!

Miranda

Multiple kidnapping/rape/robbery accusations Finally arrested and picked out of a line-up Confessed after 2 hrs. of police interrogation Had not been informed of his rights. The Supreme Court set aside Miranda's conviction, which was tainted by the

use of the confession that had been obtained through improper interrogation. The state of Arizona retried him. At the second trial, his confession was not introduced into evidence, but he was convicted again anyway. He was sentenced to 20 to 30 years in prison.

Miranda was paroled in 1972. After his release, he started selling autographed Miranda Warning cards for $1.50. Over the next years, Miranda was arrested numerous times for minor driving offenses and eventually lost the privilege to drive a car. He was arrested for the possession of a gun but the charges were dropped. But because this violated his parole he was sent back to Arizona State Prison for another year.

After his release, Miranda spent most of his time in poorly kept bars and cheap hotels in rough sections of Phoenix. Miranda, then working as a delivery driver, participated in a card game at La Amapola Bar.

On January 31, 1976, a violent fight broke out and Miranda received a mortal knife wound from a lettuce knife; he was pronounced dead on arrival at Good Samaritan Hospital. He was 34 years old.

Police officers apprehended a male suspect shortly afterward and read him his Miranda rights from a small rectangular card, while another suspect involved in the murder fled to Mexico.

Domestic PolicyDomestic Policyfor remainder of JFK’s termfor remainder of JFK’s term

A former New Dealer during FDR’s timeA former New Dealer during FDR’s time Declared a “Declared a “War on Poverty”War on Poverty”

20% of U.S. population & 40% of blacks in 20% of U.S. population & 40% of blacks in povertypoverty

To give the poor an opportunity to improve To give the poor an opportunity to improve themselvesthemselves

Uses national grief to push through JFK’s Uses national grief to push through JFK’s Civil RightsCivil Rights bill which: bill which: Bans discrimination in jobs, hotels, restaurants Bans discrimination in jobs, hotels, restaurants

and votingand voting Also pushed through Also pushed through Economic Economic

Opportunities Act:Opportunities Act: Job Corps – job training programsJob Corps – job training programs VISTA (volunteers much like Peace Corps but VISTA (volunteers much like Peace Corps but

volunteer in impoverished areas in U.S.)volunteer in impoverished areas in U.S.) Project Head Start (Pre-K for the poor)Project Head Start (Pre-K for the poor)

ELECTION OF 1964ELECTION OF 1964 Republican – BARRY Republican – BARRY

GOLDWATERGOLDWATER Platform:Platform:

Cutbacks in social Cutbacks in social securitysecurity

Cut TVACut TVA Opposed to Opposed to

integrationintegration Favors bombing of Favors bombing of

N. VietnamN. Vietnam Opposed Nuclear Opposed Nuclear

Test Ban Treaty of Test Ban Treaty of 19631963

““In your heart you In your heart you know he’s right.”know he’s right.”

ELECTION OF 1964ELECTION OF 1964 Democrat – Democrat –

LYNDON LYNDON JOHNSONJOHNSON

VP – Hubert Humphrey

“Something for everyone” in the “Great Society”

Promised NOT to escalate war in Vietnam

Response to Goldwater: “In your gut you know he’s nuts!” “The Great Society”

Daisy AdDaisy Ad

Is extremely effectiveIs extremely effective

Plays up Goldwater as “trigger happy”Plays up Goldwater as “trigger happy”

While viewing it, see how many times it mentions GoldwaterWhile viewing it, see how many times it mentions Goldwater

License plate that had been used in 1963 promoting JFK’s reelection in 1964

ELECTORAL RESULTS 1964

LBJ’s Goals 1964LBJ’s Goals 1964 LBJ wants to cut the deficit in ½LBJ wants to cut the deficit in ½ Reduce the size of the gov’t butReduce the size of the gov’t but maintain the size of the militarymaintain the size of the military Tax Cuts to stimulate the economy, Tax Cuts to stimulate the economy,

unemployment assistance & job creationunemployment assistance & job creation Modernization of schools, libraries, hospitals, & Modernization of schools, libraries, hospitals, &

nursing homes nursing homes LBJ pledges to assist the less fortunate & LBJ pledges to assist the less fortunate &

declares a War on Povertydeclares a War on Poverty ““Great Society” = abundance and liberty for all Great Society” = abundance and liberty for all Three places to build the Great SocietyThree places to build the Great Societyn in our citiesin our citiesn in our countrysidein our countrysiden in our classroomsin our classrooms

Johnson & the War on Johnson & the War on PovertyPoverty

GREAT SOCIETY PROGRAMSGREAT SOCIETY PROGRAMS

Voting Rights Act of 1965Voting Rights Act of 1965 stopped literacy tests & helped stopped literacy tests & helped

blacks get registered to voteblacks get registered to vote

MEDICARE ACT OF 1965MEDICARE ACT OF 1965

MediMedicarecare is federal $ for hospital is federal $ for hospital carecare of of the elderly the elderly

MedicMedicaidaid is is aidaid to the poor -- federal $ to to the poor -- federal $ to states for medical expenses of the poorstates for medical expenses of the poor

Elementary & Elementary & SecondarySecondary

Education Act 1965Education Act 1965

Gave federal $ to Gave federal $ to schools for materials, schools for materials, medical exams, medical exams, nutritious meals, etc.nutritious meals, etc. Note: money went to Note: money went to

the student, not the the student, not the school, so even school, so even parochial parochial schools schools received money under received money under this Actthis Act

However, performance However, performance of poor did not go up of poor did not go up muchmuch

LBJ likes to do things LBJ likes to do things in a big way and goes in a big way and goes back to Texas to his back to Texas to his one-room one-room schoolhouse and schoolhouse and signs act seated with signs act seated with his first teacher, his first teacher, "Miss Kate" Deadrich"Miss Kate" Deadrich

APPALACHIAN APPALACHIAN DEVELOPMENT ACT 1965DEVELOPMENT ACT 1965

$1 Billion in $1 Billion in aid for aid for development development of one of of one of poorest poorest regions of regions of nationnation

New roads, New roads, health health centers, etc.centers, etc.

IMMIGRATION ACT 1965IMMIGRATION ACT 1965 For first time, puts limit on For first time, puts limit on

immigrants from Western immigrants from Western hemispherehemisphere

Basis for admission changes to job Basis for admission changes to job skills, need for asylum, families, skills, need for asylum, families, etc. instead of national originetc. instead of national origin

Major increase in Hispanic and Major increase in Hispanic and Asian immigrantsAsian immigrants

LBJ again likes to make a big LBJ again likes to make a big display – signs it at the Statue of display – signs it at the Statue of LibertyLiberty

HUDHUD Housing & Housing &

Urban Urban Development Development Dept. createdDept. created

$ for reforms $ for reforms in urban areasin urban areas

Civil Rights Civil Rights Act of 1968Act of 1968

GREAT SOCIETY ENDS DUE TO GREAT SOCIETY ENDS DUE TO …………

FRQ BRAINSTORMFRQ BRAINSTORM

In what ways did the Great In what ways did the Great Society resemble the New Deal Society resemble the New Deal in its origins, goals and social in its origins, goals and social and political legacy? Cite and political legacy? Cite specific programs and policies in specific programs and policies in support of your arguments.support of your arguments.