www.m119tunneloftrees.org
M-119 TUNNEL OF TREES SCENIC HERITAGE ROUTE
MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2013
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M-119 TUNNEL OF TREES SCENIC HERITAGE ROUTE Management Plan Update 2013
Presented by:
M-119 TUNNEL OF TREES SCENIC HERITAGE ROUTE COMMITTEE
Emmet County, Michigan
Cross Village Township
Henry Singer
Naomi Singer
Frederick (Rob) Deane
Readmond Township
Dell Weitzel
Joe Engelhard
Larry Wallen
Friendship Township
Bill Prall
Gary Thurston
West Traverse Township Carolyn Sandford
Joey Arbaugh
Bob Sandford
Emmet County Lakeshore Association
Fred Hoffman
Catherine Reindel
George Reindel
Partners Michigan Department of Transportation
Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
Emmet County
Little Traverse Conservancy
This Program would not exist without the dedication and commitment over the years of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees
Scenic Heritage Route Committee and the expertise and input provided by state and local agencies, non-profit groups,
individual citizens, and landowners.
WWW.m119tunneloftrees.ORG
Prepared by:
NORTHWEST MICHIGAN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS
NORTHWEST MICHIGAN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS. PO BOX 506, TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49685-0506. WWW.NWM.ORG
The Northwest Michigan Council of Governments provides regional planning, economic development, and workforce development services to its ten
member counties of Antrim, Benzie, Charlevoix, Emmet, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska, Leelanau, Manistee, Missaukee, and Wexford.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
I. Executive Summary 6
II. Corridor Inventory Update 8
A. Population Characteristics 8
B. Highway Characteristics 10
C. Updated Land Uses 12
D. Photographic Inventory Update 14
Roadside 14
Aerial 73
E. Tree Health Assessment 74
III. Management Plan Update 76
A. Goals, Objectives, and Actions 76
B. Project List 82
IV. Appendices 87
A. M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Summary 88
B. Resources and Contacts 93
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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The purpose of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Management Plan Update is to provide a
review and revision of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee’s goals, objectives, and
actions provided in the management plan update of 2008 with an updated photographic inventory of the
scenic corridor.
Official discussion regarding M-119’s preservation was initiated in 1990, when a roadside survey was
conducted by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to determine the origins and
destinations of the travelers using M-119. In 1990, MDOT contracted with the Little Traverse Conservancy,
a local land protection agency, to conduct a scenic inventory of the roadway. This information was utilized
by local citizens in the early discussions of the roadway’s preservation and management as a heritage
route. The goal of the M-119 Heritage Route Committee in 2000 was to develop a management plan that
best reflected the interests of the community. The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route was
designated in 2003 after formally adopting the first Management Plan in 2002. Please see Appendix A: M-
119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Summary for a more detailed history.
The update includes the following:
Revised map identifying the corridor boundaries
Maps of road use and crash data
Map displaying future land use along the corridor and county
An updated photographic inventory displaying the location of intrinsic qualities
Aerial inventory
Updated goals, objectives and actions that offer insight into new or continued issues with
recommendations
Recommendations and strategies for making future management decisions
Five year Project List
Because of the “Tunnel of Trees” and other scenic attributes and the inherent beauty displayed along the
designated highway of M-119, the Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee continues to work to
ensure the residents of Emmet County that this Heritage Route will maintain the pastoral character of this
region of the County and will be managed in a manner that protects the “Tunnel of Trees”. M-119 is the
only state highway in Emmet County and the only state road in Michigan without a center line.
The Mission Statement of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee is:
Recognizing the unique value of M-119 and the area surrounding the roadway, the M-119 Heritage Route
Management Plan will strive to protect, preserve, and enhance the natural, scenic, and cultural character of
the M-119 Heritage Route.
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The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Plan does not attempt to address every issue and problem
along the corridor. Ideally, this plan update should continue to be used as a guide to achieve community
visions, while clarifying the issues and actions required for protecting its distinctiveness. The plan update
is also a guide for future corridor protection, and continues to enable local communities to maintain more
local control over the corridor without having ownership of the roadway.
The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee is made up of representatives from the
following:
Four (4) townships:
West Traverse
Friendship
Readmond
Cross Village
One (1) association:
Emmet County Lakeshore Association
Partners:
Michigan Department of Transportation
Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
Emmet County
Little Traverse Conservancy
The Northwest Michigan Council of Governments facilitates and coordinates the Committee and the
process of the plan’s update development by compiling the input, insights, resources, and comments
provided by the Committee.
M-119 TUNNEL OF TREES SCENIC HERITAGE ROUTE Corridor Management Plan Goals
To promote protection and preservation of the current state of the corridor.
To assess existing community plans and regulations to ensure effective
implementation of the goals and projects listed in the management plan.
To promote enhancement projects restoring character and showing the history
of the route.
To unite the linear community through Heritage Route management.
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II. CORRIDOR INVENTORY
The Corridor Inventory update assists the Michigan Department of Transportation and local planning
bodies in their future deliberations on continued management strategies for the Heritage Route. This
updated information continues to serve as a source of knowledge for data and ideas, which the local
governments along the Route can use when considering development projects or community actions along
the Heritage Route. The inventory does not recommend specific courses of action, but is designed to be
used as a tool to help the community protect the corridor’s “Tunnel of Trees” and the scenic, natural,
historical, and cultural beauty while providing for change and future growth.
A. Population
As the populations of the State of Michigan and many regions within it have declined, northwest Lower
Michigan's population continues to grow. The primary source of recent growth in northwest Lower
Michigan is from in-migration of new residents.
Population data shows that Emmet County had a population of 32,694 in 2010 and the estimated number
for 2011 was 32,794 showing an increase of 100 people. Between 2000 and 2010, Emmet County grew 4%.
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2010 Population: US Census
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B. Highway Characteristics
The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route begins at the Harbor Springs/West Traverse Township
border and traverses up the western side of northern Emmet County. This byway winds along some of the
most scenic areas of Emmet County.
Traffic Counts
Traffic counts are extremely useful in determining how a roadway is being used and in determining
roadway safety and traffic flow patterns. The Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume data below shows the
following growth for M-119 from Harbor Springs north. Traffic counts are taken at State Road in Cross
Village, which are provided by the Michigan Department of Transportation.
2002 – 1,476
2003 – 1,451
2004 – 2,023
2005 – 1,946
2006 – 2,062
2007 – 2,006
2008 – 1,465
2009 – 1,528
2010 – 2,036
2011 – 1,965
2012 – 1,993
A Traffic Volume Map is shown below for data from 2012 (MDOT Annual ADT Report; mapped by
NWMCOG staff).
2000
14700
7500
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50
0
12
20
0
14
06
0
6700
5800
5300
4300
4800
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Accident Locations
Crash information is another data source that can be utilized to study roadway safety. The crash accident
locations’ data for the year 2012 shows that most accidents have occurred in West Traverse Township
between West Lake Road and Five Mile Creek Road. Additional accidents that have occurred are spread out
along the remaining portions of M-119.
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C. Updated Land Uses
Land use and land cover information provides a base from which to understand the character of the
landscape along the corridor. Please see the Emmet County Future Land Use map from 2009 on the
following page. The Emmet County Master Plan offers the following descriptions for the represented land
uses:
Rural Residential includes lots five acres or larger, neither served nor intended to be served by public
sewer and water. Appropriate uses include one- and two-family dwellings.
Low Density Residential includes one- to five-acre lots neither served nor intended to be served by public
sewer and water. Appropriate uses include one- and two-family dwellings.
Medium Density Residential ranges from ½ to 1 acre in size, and may or may not be connected to public
sewer and water. Appropriate uses include one- and two- family dwellings.
High Density Residential calls for a residential density of ½ acre or less per dwelling unit, and
connections to the public sewer and water utilities. Appropriate uses include one- and two-family
dwellings, and multi-family attached housing.
Mixed Use is the compact development of land that offers a variety of complementary and integrated uses,
including but not limited to: residential, office, retail, restaurant, or entertainment use.
Light Commercial offers professional and business services and is accessed by major roadways, arterials,
and service drives. Appropriate uses include professional offices, financial institutions, medical clinics,
laboratories, and other commercial facilities.
General Commercial offers larger retail, service, and commercial centers for convenient shopping along
major travel corridors, where most patrons will use automobile access. Within the development,
walkability will be encouraged. Appropriate uses include shopping centers, general retailers, grocery
stores, pharmacies, banks, restaurants, theatres, service stations, hotels, and entertainment facilities.
Industrial areas include all uses identified as industrial, as well as the activities accompanying those uses.
They permit a wide range of industrial activities, including manufacturing, warehousing and storage,
processing, wholesale, distribution, mechanical repair, assembly, limited retail, and accessory office and
services.
Park and Recreation areas include all lands and facilities owned and operated by the state and/or local
units of government for park uses that are open to the public,
The Reservation Boundary for the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, as originally described in
the 1855 Treaty of Detroit and repeated in P.L. 103-324, is the area within which the Tribe has jurisdiction
over its membership and includes those lands owned by the Tribe, or are held in trust by the United States
for the benefit of the Tribe.
This Future Land Use map demonstrates that low density residential development dominates the corridor.
Since the Corridor Management Plan in 2008, the most visible development that has occurred is new or
renovated residential.
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The Emmet County Zoning Ordinance includes zoning for Scenic Resource Districts. These districts are
established to protect scenic resources along rivers, highways and streets, lake shores and impounding
waters. The scenic resources should be protected for their scenic values, environmental stability and
character. This zoning district extends to a depth of 400 feet from the nearest right-of-way line of the scenic
highway.
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2009 EMMET COUNTY FUTURE LAND USE MAP
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D. Photographic Inventory Update: Roadside
The following photos are taken heading north from West Traverse Township. Photo sets are labeled in the top right side of the page. If there are several photos in a set, the number is indicated in the upper left box in the description. Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A1
Starting Location Township
South Boundary on M-119 going north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Golf Course
Harbor Point
No and Yes
Description/Use/Facilities South boundary line of West Traverse Township and City of Harbor Springs
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A2
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Association
Pine Trail
No
Description/Use/Facilities View looking north at Pine Trail
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A3
View Township
Looking east of M-119
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Open Space
No
Description/Use/Facilities View of open space/meadow
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A4
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Commercial
Birchwood Inn
No/Business
Description/Use/Facilities Birchwood Inn and paddock for Birchwood Farms
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A5
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential
N
Description/Use/Facilities Sign for the Little Traverse Conservancy’s Thorne Swift Preserve on Lower Shore Drive off of M-119.
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A6
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential Birchwood Farms
N
Description/Use/Facilities Entrance to Birchwood Farms
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A7
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential
N
Description/Use/Facilities M-119 at Middle Road intersection
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A8
View Township
Looking east off of M-119
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Commercial/Residential
Pond Hill Farm
No/Business
Description/Use/Facilities Pond Hill Farm and Market
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A9
View Township
Looking north
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Organization
Five Mile Creek Schoolhouse
Description/Use/Facilities Old schoolhouse next to old mill off of M-119
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A10
View Township
(1 of 2) South Boundary of Friendship Township, looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private Farmland
Angel Farm
No
Description/Use/Facilities Angel Farm, south of Terpening Road
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View Township
(2 of 2) South Boundary of Friendship Township, looking west
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private Farmland
Angel Farm
No
Description/Use/Facilities Angel Farm with view of Lake Michigan
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A11
View Township
(1 of 2) Looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
MDOT
M-119 Tunnel of Trees
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Wasson’s Grade, north of Angel Farm
Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) Looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
MDOT
M-119 Tunnel of Trees
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Lower part of Wasson’s Grade, toward north intersection with N. Lower Shore Dr.
August 29, 2013
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A12
View Township
(1 of 2) Looking west
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
4009 M-119
No
Description/Use/Facilities View of Lake Michigan just past Lower Shore Drive
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View Township
(2 of 2) looking northwest
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
4009 M-119
No
Description/Use/Facilities View of Lake Michigan just past Lower Shore Drive
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Inventory 2013 A13
View Township
(1 of 2) Looking northwest
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
No
Description/Use/Facilities Intersection of M-119 and Stutsmanville Road
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View Township
(2 of 2) Looking south
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
No
Description/Use/Facilities Intersection of M-119 and Stutsmanville Road
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A14
View Township
(3) East side of M-119 and looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Horseshoe Bend Farm
No
Description/Use/Facilities Horseshoe Bend Farm
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 3) East side of M-119 and looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Horseshoe Bend Farm
No
Description/Use/Facilities
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View Township
(3 of 3) East side of M-119 and looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Horseshoe Bend Farm
No
Description/Use/Facilities Horseshoe Bend Farm
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A15
View Township
Looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Tunnel of Trees
John Nature Preserve
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities About one mile north of Horseshoe Bend
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A16
View Township
(1 of 2) Eastside of M-119
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Devil’s Elbow and Sign
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) looking north
Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Devil’s Elbow and Sign
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A17
View Township
(1 of 4) Looking west; northwest and north Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
No
Description/Use/Facilities Just north of Devil’s Elbow; special heritage route powder coated guardrails in brown
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 4) Looking west; northwest and north Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
No
Description/Use/Facilities Point of interest: At guardrail north of Devil’s Elbow (previous photo)
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Owner Type Name Public Y/N
No
Description/Use/Facilities Point of interest: At guardrail north of Devil’s Elbow
View Township
(3 of 4) Looking west; northwest and north Friendship
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View Township
(4 of 4) Looking west; northwest and north Friendship
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
No
Description/Use/Facilities
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A18
View Township
(1 of 2) South boundary of Readmond Township, looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Road
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Beginning of Readmond Township near Middle Village Road
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) South boundary of Readmond Township, sign on west side of road
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Road
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Beginning of Readmond Township near Middle Village Road
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A19
View Township
Local Village Area
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Robinson Road and M-119; Good Hart business area
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A20
View Township
Looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Farmland
No
Description/Use/Facilities Just north of Good Hart
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A21
View Township
(1 of 4) On the west side of the road; looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Old Trail Inn
No
Description/Use/Facilities Old Trail Inn north of Good Hart
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Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Old Trail Inn
No
Description/Use/Facilities Old Trail Inn north of Good Hart
View Township
(2 of 4) On the west side of the road; looking north
Readmond
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View Township
(3 of 4) looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Looking north from Island View Rd.
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View Township
(4 of 4) On the west side of the road; looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Area of the Old Council Tree; view north
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A22
View Township
(1 of 2) Looking west
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
No
Description/Use/Facilities At the 1920 historic wash out area; looking north on M-119
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) looking north
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
No
Description/Use/Facilities At the 1920 historic wash out area; looking north on M-119
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A23
View Township
(1 of 2) Adjacent to the road; looking north
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Nature Preserve
Little Traverse Conservancy
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Division Road; beginning of Cross Village Township; Ryan Nature Preserve Sign; M-119 going north
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) Adjacent to the road; looking north
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Nature Preserve
Little Traverse Conservancy
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Division Road; beginning of Cross Village Township; Ryan Nature Preserve Sign; M-119 going north
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A24
View Township
(1 of 3) Adjacent to the road; looking north
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities L’Arbre Croche Sign
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
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View Township
(1 of 3) Adjacent to the road; looking north
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Start of Cross Village Township
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View Township
(1 of 3) Adjacent to the road; looking north
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Hemlock Forest
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A25
View Township
(1 of 3) Looking north; adjacent to roadway
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Cross Village – junction of M-119 and State Road
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 3) Looking north; adjacent to roadway
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Cross Village – junction of M-119 and State Road
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View Township
(3 of 3) Looking north; adjacent to roadway
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Cross Village – junction of M-119 and State Road; post office
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The following photos are taken heading south from Cross Village Township. Photo sets are labeled in the top right side of the page. If there are several photos in a set, the number is indicated in the upper left box in the description. Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A26
View Township
(1 of 4) Looking west from State Road; looking south
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities South of Cross Village; Corner of State Road and M-119 in Cross Village
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
61
View Township
(2 of 4) looking south Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities South of Cross Village
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View Township
(3 of 4) looking south Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities South of Cross Village
63
View Township
(4 of 4) looking south Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Right of Way
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities South of Cross Village
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A27
View Township
(1 of 2) Beginning of hemlock forest, looking south
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Tunnel of Trees Road
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Going south on M-119
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
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View Township
(2 of 2) Beginning of hemlock forest, looking south
Cross Village
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Tunnel of Trees Road
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Going south on M-119
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A28
View Township
Looking west from Robinson Road, Foot of
Clancy Hill
Readmond
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Roadway
MDOT
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities View of M-119
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: July 28, 2008 no change August 29, 2013
67
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A29
View Township
Looking south
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private ownership
No
Description/Use/Facilities At the north boundary line of Friendship Township going south
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
68
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A30
View Township
Looking west
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential Area
No
Description/Use/Facilities Old Terpening Farm House just north of Cummings Lane
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
69
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A31
View Township
Looking south
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private Parcels
No
Description/Use/Facilities Hill just before Five Mile Creek Road
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
70
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A32
View Township
Looking west
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Nature Preserve
Little Traverse Conservancy
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Five Mile Creek Swamp Nature Preserve
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A33
View Township
Looking southwest
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Nature Preserve
Little Traverse Conservancy
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities Robert Horner Nature Preserve
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A34
View Township
Looking south
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private ownership area
No
Description/Use/Facilities View of lake from hill north of Birchwood Farm
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
73
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A35
View Township
(1 of 2) Looking southwest
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Pull off/Old Brick Yard
No
Description/Use/Facilities Old Brick Yard down below bluff on Lower Shore Drive; view of Lake Michigan
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Naomi Singer Date: August 29, 2013
74
View Township
(2 of 2) looking west
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private
Pull off/Old Brick Yard
No
Description/Use/Facilities Old Brick Yard down below bluff on Lower Shore Drive; view of Lake Michigan
75
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A36
View Township
Looking south
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential/Commercial
No
Description/Use/Facilities Hill view with Birchwood Farm
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
76
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A37
View Township
Looking southeast
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Residential
No
Description/Use/Facilities Private farm
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
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Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A38
View Township
Looking south
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private/Government
West Traverse Township
Hall
Yes
Description/Use/Facilities West Traverse Township Hall at Lake Street and M-119 intersection.
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
78
Management Plan Update Inventory 2013 A39
View Township
Looking southwest
West Traverse
Owner Type Name Public Y/N
Private Residential
No
Description/Use/Facilities Lake view near Pine Trail Association and Forest Beach Association, before golf course.
Inventory Volunteer(s): Carolyn Sandford, Joretta Bethke, Patty O’Donnell Date: June 13, 2007 no change August 29, 2013
79
AERIAL INVENTORY
An aerial inventory of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees is available online at www.m119tunneloftrees.org as
updated most recently in 2011.
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E. Tree Health Assessment
TREE HEALTH OF THE M-119 TUNNEL OF TREES The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee requested an inventory of the tree species in
the road right of way along M-119 north of Harbor Springs, Michigan. The inventory took place in July
2007 by Chris Anderson, Forester/Groundwater Technician from the Charlevoix Conservation District. The
information that was noted was the forest type, tree species, average diameter, and overall health. This
information has been archived and is provided on our website.
In 2010, an organic gardener-forester, Ivan Witt, provided the committee with a tree health inspection and
analysis of the Tunnel of Trees canopy. The following is the report from Ivan Witt, dated July 29, 2010.
Tree Health along M-119 Tunnel of Trees
On August 28, 2010 an inspection was made of the general health of the trees and forest within the right-of-
way of M-119 between Harbor Springs and Cross Village. Individual trees and stands as well as the overall
forests along the route were observed and visually inspected for overall age, general condition and possible
problems, either currently or potentially in the next few years. Presence of invasive exotic vegetation was
also observed and noted.
FINDINGS: The age of the forests along the Tunnel of Trees route would be generalized as middle-aged, 60-
90 years old, and therefore of good vigor. The exceptions, however are the aspen and birch trees, which
mature quicker and live shorter lives than many of the other species present. Their life spans are around
80-100 years. Examples of mature to over-mature aspen are seen just south of Middle Road in West
Traverse Township and south of Middle Village Road in Readmond Township, though examples of mature
specimens of both species can be observed throughout the length of the route and are trees of concern.
As trees mature they will naturally have lower limbs die back and should be removed on a bi-annual basis.
The older the trees the larger those branches will be and the more costly their removal. Also, it should be
expected that the occasional tree will die and present a hazard; this will increase in frequency as the overall
forest matures (there is currently no cause for concern). Therefore, budgets should be calculated
accordingly.
One major cause for concern, however, is the widespread presence of beech bark disease. This was
observed in most stands of hardwood along the route and will lead to widespread mortality of the species.
(http://forestry.msu.edu/testmsaf/main%20page/BBdisease.htm) The disease has a couple of stages and
can be most readily observed by the white, waxy scale in heavily infested trees. Blue flagging was tied to
notable examples northwest of Terpening Road and at 6228 M-119 (near Cross Village), where there is a
particularly hazardous heavily infested tree leaning over the road and a power line. As infestation and
death advance, the beech trees become susceptible to a condition termed beech snap. Beech snap occurs
when wind breaks of trees where wood borers and decay fungi weaken the wood beneath fungus (beech
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bark disease) –killed bark. The disease in forest stands cannot be controlled at a reasonable cost, and a
program of timely salvage cuttings is the only way presently known to reduce its impact.
Removal of infested trees within the right-of-way is recommended at the earliest opportunity. It would be
best to work with adjacent landowners to get them to remove the diseased trees on their lands (though
there are obvious inherent difficulties in doing this). Preemptive removal of healthy appearing trees is not
recommended, as some trees seem naturally tolerant, or at least not as susceptible as others and may very
well survive. A second round of tree removal should be expected in a year or two as the disease takes its
course.
Another forest/tree health issue to monitor is emerald ash borer (EAB) infestation. Ash trees with crown
die-back were observed along the route, but the exact cause was not determined, though it may be assumed
to be EAB. These trees should be included in the general dying tree removal regime and, as there is not the
concentration of the species, no special budgetary consideration need be made.
A couple of invasive exotic plant species were observed in the right-of-way which are of special note.
Autumn olive, a highly invasive shrub, was observed south of Terpening Road on the east side of M-119.
Also, Scotch pine trees are well established in the right-of-way in the vicinity of 3487 M-119. These species
are aggressive in becoming established in open sites and crowd out native vegetation, thereby disrupting
the natural state of the environment. Though there is no other hazard or safety concern, it is considered
good stewardship to control the establishment and spread of these species by their physical removal,
including the roots on the autumn olive. Again, this program would be most effective if adjacent
landowners were involved.
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IV. Management Plan Update
A. Goals, Objectives, and Actions
Goals
To promote protection and preservation of the current state of the corridor.
To assess existing community plans and regulations to ensure effective implementation of
the goals and projects listed in the management plan.
To promote enhancement projects restoring character and showing the history of the route.
To unite the linear community through Heritage Route management.
Objectives and Action Steps
This section outlines broad objectives that address the potential threats facing the corridor. In addition to
objectives, action steps are offered as guidance for community response.
Objective 1: Promote Preservation and Conservation of the Tunnel of Trees for Balanced Growth
and Development
Future land use along the corridor continues to be influenced by a variety of factors: individual land
owners’ decisions, regulations administered by the County and the local units of government, state
legislation, the state of the economy, land costs, and pressures resulting from changing demographics and
recreational and travel patterns. Likewise, land use as an issue encompasses a variety of subjects ranging
from site-specific issues such as signage or tree clearing to general concerns about density or open space
preservation.
Action Steps
►Voluntarily monitor and provide guidelines for future development
Communities along the corridor need to continue planning for future development and/or redevelopment
that complements the existing character of the Heritage Route Corridor. Communities along the corridor
should require development that is consistent with township master plans and the updated Emmet County
Master Plan. Commercial development should only occur in established and zoned commercial areas and
support must be given to the enforcement of current zoning laws. Development could also adhere to
design guidelines to ensure that community character and environmental quality would be maintained.
There are many ways to reach these goals including educational activities; voluntary measures such as
conservation easements, land acquisition or donation for nature preserves or parks, and the promotion of
green belts along the corridor; regulatory measures such as zoning, “overlays” that protect certain features
or characteristics of an area, and site plan reviews of proposed developments.
►Support promotion and enforcement of existing regulations
Enforcement of existing regulations is critical to maintain the essential character of the corridor. For
example, the Scenic Resources (SR-2) zoning district in the Emmet County Zoning Ordinance sets forth
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requirements that are intended to minimize harmful impacts to natural features. It should also be
recognized that current regulations might not sufficiently protect natural features or characteristics and
citizens are therefore encouraged to take a pro-active role in the preservation and protection of the
roadway.
►Maintain the Tunnel of Trees by providing guidelines for land use activities
Preserving the tunnel of trees is one of the most often mentioned priorities among citizens along M-119
and in the townships. Irresponsible tree cutting poses a major threat to tree resources. There are both
regulatory and non-regulatory methods for minimizing tree clearing along the corridor. The SR-2 zoning
district establishes a 40-foot setback or greenbelt requirement from the edge of the right-of-way for the
roadway. The ordinance does allow for selective trimming to create or maintain a view. A non-regulatory
alternative would be to talk directly to landowners about the negative environmental effects and aesthetic
impacts of tree clearing.
►Stay informed and educated
Elected and appointed officials and residents in northern Michigan are faced with difficult planning
decisions, often without the benefit of having professional planning staff at the local level. There are many
educational resources available for the Heritage Route Committee to share with the townships, Emmet
County, Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, the residents, and the Michigan Department of
Transportation (MDOT) for the protection of the Tunnel of Trees.
►Develop or expand partnerships
Coordinating with Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, Emmet County Governmental units, the
Little Traverse Conservancy, the Harbor Springs Area Historical Society, the Tip of the Mitt Watershed
Council, local businesses, and landowners along the corridor is essential to ensure that the land is properly
used, protected and preserved.
►Promote a variety of methods for conservation and preservation of land along the corridor
In order to preserve the unique character of the M-119 corridor it will be necessary to develop projects
that preserve and protect land along the roadway. Potential projects may include working with the Little
Traverse Conservancy, Emmet County, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, the Michigan
Department of Transportation, America’s Byway Program, Scenic Michigan program, etc.
►Identify and utilize sources of funding for preservation and conservation of the Tunnel of Trees
►Encourage community involvement in promoting responsible road maintenance and development along the
M-119 Heritage Route Corridor. Support routine road maintenance for public safety.
►Implement educational activities
►Focus on communication
Produce and make available educational resources – written, audio, and visual – for committee and
advisory member locations and events. Maintain website for educational outreach.
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Objective 2: Balancing Roadside Safety with Aesthetics
Safety is of primary importance along the roadway. Preserving and protecting the natural, cultural, and
scenic character of the corridor is an equally important goal. Speed and road design both influence safety.
This plan does not suggest widening, straightening, adding shoulders, changing the speed limit, or changing
the physical appearance of the road in any way.
Action Steps
► Communicate regularly with MDOT and other government agencies
Michigan Department of Transportation projects should be implemented that balance safety, aesthetics,
and cost effectiveness. Local communities should partner with MDOT to determine creative ways to solve
safety challenges. This partnership will only occur if the interests of the community are effectively
communicated to decision-makers. As a designated Heritage Route, M-119 qualifies for a number of special
considerations. Businesses, townships, and citizens – through the Heritage Route Committee – should
communicate with MDOT, the Emmet County Road Commission, and the local enforcement agencies
regarding any interests in having a planned event or project along this corridor.
►Educate the public
Provide information relative to safety issues regarding the use of the corridor. This information may
include accident data, sharpness of some curves, condition of some areas of roadway where sand pile up
can be an issue, as well as overall width of road.
►Promote the enforcement of existing regulations
Encourage education regarding enforcement of existing regulations such as the speed of traffic, excessive
vehicular noise, sharing the road with cyclists and walkers, and litter laws. This will assist in the protection
of community safety, character and aesthetics.
►Review and coordinate M-119 corridor land use and roadway plans with MDOT
Townships should compare the goals of this management plan with existing plans, such as Master Plans,
Future Land Use Plans, or Parks and Recreation Plans. Many of these documents express similar intentions
to protect or preserve a particular scenic quality, natural feature, or landscape aesthetic. Townships should
also review the county zoning ordinance to ensure that the intention of their master plan will be fulfilled by
the existing regulations.
►Provide access to technical plans
Make accessible through archive system the engineering plans already completed relative to the “Wooden
Bridge Project” at the washout area of M-119 in Readmond Township, should such an event occur.
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Objective 3: Promote Wise Land Use Development
Residents along the M-119 corridor have continued to express concern regarding development on steep
slopes along the Lake Michigan coastline.
Action Steps
►Continue to support the steep slope ordinance and efforts to make the Emmet County Steep Slope Ordinance
more effective through public education and interagency communication
Townships should continue supporting the steep slope ordinance that works to protect the unique geology,
the lakeside bluff, buildings, and the roadway.
►Educate landowners, realtors, developers, and those conducting land transactions about Best Management
Practices (BMPs)
Best Management Practices are land use management actions that reduce the impact on the environment.
BMPs are voluntary actions that include techniques which help minimize erosion and movement of
sediment, protect properties and water sources, minimize transport of sediment onto paved surfaces,
stabilize exposed areas, maintain temporary erosion and sedimentation control measures, and route storm
water runoff to remove sediment.
►Continue to share observations regarding erosion issues with Emmet County Planning and Zoning
Department
Objective 4: Prevent Intrusions to Scenic Character
Intrusions to scenic character include any built structure or landscape element that contrast with the
scenic and natural character of the corridor. Signage, both temporary and permanent, along the M-DOT
right of way (33 feet from the centerline) has become a threat to the character of the corridor and actions
should be considered that result in fewer signs in the right of way and signage which blends in with the
natural environment. Other intrusions include lighting, fencing, and utilities.
Action Steps
►Develop scenic, cultural, and historical signage initiatives that preserve the Tunnel of Trees character and
promote the use of natural or natural looking materials
There are both regulatory and non-regulatory ways to deal with signage. The Emmet County Zoning
Ordinance regulates signage throughout Emmet County. Although the language in the ordinance infers
intention to promote natural materials, it does not require that they be used. The Heritage Route
Management Committee should promote signage that does not conflict with the existing character of the
roadway. The Committee can also work with the other Michigan Heritage Routes to promote changing the
Michigan Department of Transportation’s sign standards (i.e. size, purpose, language, etc.) to appropriate
signage for scenic, historic, cultural, and recreational heritage routes that are not expressways or freeways.
►Encourage the use of natural or natural looking fencing and other structural materials
The use of functional, natural materials should be encouraged to maintain the character of the roadway.
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►Encourage Dark Skies/light pollution management policies for outdoor lighting
Good outdoor lighting improves visibility, safety, security, and saves money. These recommendations
could be brought to the attention of local residents through educational brochures as well as through web
sites.
►Promote underground utilities
Although these projects would be expensive, the value of enhancing a significant natural feature or a scenic
view is priceless. Educate landowners about the value of having underground utilities.
►Focus on communication
Utilize all available methods for enhancing communication on issues of importance to the roadway.
Objective 5: Promote Appropriate Use of the Corridor and Alternative Routes
The curves, narrow roadbed, and the Tunnel of Trees render M-119 as a road less traveled, a characteristic
that local communities would like to continue. Therefore, any strategy for M-119 should focus on
promoting appropriate use for the road.
Action Steps
A strategy could consist of the following key components:
1. Encourage the use of State Road/C-77 for vehicles that exceed the road’s safety standards such as
large vehicles, motor homes, and tractor-trailers, while enhancing the driving experience for other
travelers. Redirecting large vehicle traffic will promote a more positive experience for residents
and tourists along M-119.
2. Create and post directional signage at the beginning and end, and at points along M-119 that
informs travelers of their route options.
3. Develop M-119 Heritage Route brochures that include information pertaining to the scenic, historic,
and natural character of the roadway, as well as its unsuitability for vehicles over a specified length.
Brochures could be made available at local businesses, museums, and area chambers of commerce.
►Support ongoing review of traffic patterns
The Committee will review the most recent traffic counts and crash data for the heritage route.
►Support the creation of directional signage that designates C-77 as an alternative route
Traffic data indicate that many people already utilize State Road/C-77 to reach points north of Harbor
Springs. As population in the area north of Harbor Springs increases, Friendship, Readmond, and Cross
Village townships will face difficult questions about the future of development in the area. Townships
should work with MDOT and the County Road Commission to develop an agreed upon route and signage
strategy to inform travelers of their options. Feeder roads may need to be improved before an alternative
route can be marketed to travelers. Promoting C-77 at both the north and south ends of the heritage route
is likely to decrease the amount of through-traffic along the corridor.
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►Focus on communication
Communicate regularly with township planning boards and the Emmet County Planning and Zoning
Commission to keep informed about development plans in the region that may affect the M-119 Heritage
Route corridor. In addition the committee must effectively communicate with the Emmet County Road
Commission, MDOT, and residents to ensure successful implementation of the management plan.
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B. Priority Project List for M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route
The priority project list below itemizes specific construction, mitigation, preservation, and communication
activities that could be pursued along M-119. The list is not meant to be prescriptive, only suggestive. The
list is not prioritized and may be revised by the Heritage Route Committee.
Proposed Project Objective
Addressed Potential Partners
Estimated Cost
Potential Funding Sources
Work with the townships to coordinate efforts for common projects such as the identification and protection of priority sites
Objective 1-5
Townships, Little Traverse
Conservancy, MDOT
Dependent upon the project
Scenic America, foundations, donations
Continue to educate corridor landowners on tree management; responsible tree trimming on steep slopes; importance of old growth timber for maintaining wildlife habitats; invasive species, and the use of native vegetation; Complete a tree health inventory as needed Maintain and update the “Tree Management in the Corridor” brochure and distribute and upload resources to website
Objectives 1, 2, and 3
Emmet County Conservation
District, MDOT, MI DNR; Little
Traverse Bay Band of Odawa Indians; realtors, property owners, builders,
contractors, landscapers, Little
Traverse Conservancy,
Emmet County, Tip of the Mitt
Watershed Council
$500 Mailing
costs
Tree health inventory
costs
Heritage Route Planning Program
Continue to review, update, and share the heritage route Guidebook to inform people about buffer areas and how to protect and maintain them; Upload to website; Distribute to realtors, builders, contractors, landscape designers, and current property owners
Objectives 1-5
Little Traverse Conservancy, Tip
of the Mitt Watershed
Council.
Mailing costs
Heritage Route Planning Program
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Proposed Project Objective
Addressed Potential Partners
Estimated Cost
Potential Funding Sources
Continue to review the Emmet County Master Plan regarding the Scenic Heritage Route corridor and work with Emmet County and the Townships to improve the protection of the Scenic Resources-2 zoning district.
Objectives 1, 3 and 4
Emmet County Planning and Zoning, other
townships with SR-2 districts,
Heritage Route Committee
Investment of time at the local
and county level
Work with Little Traverse Conservancy to encourage protection of land in the Heritage Route Corridor - land purchase, conservation easements, Purchase of Development Rights (PDR) program, Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) program
Objective 1 Little Traverse Conservancy land owners, American Farmland Trust, Michigan Farm
Bureau
Dependent on project
American Farmland Trust, Little Traverse Conservancy, private
donations, foundations, MI Natural Resources
Trust Fund, Little Traverse Bay Bands of
Odawa Indians
Develop a resource list of historical significant people and locations on the Heritage Route; Continue to create and maintain historic markers; Provide resources, bibliography, websites, etc. for those interested in the history of the roadway
Objective 1 MDOT, Little Traverse Bay Band of Odawa Indians,
Emmet County Road Commission, Historical Society of Michigan, Little
Traverse Historical Society
Possible costs:
informative kiosk; signs,
brochure, document, web page
National Trust for Historic Preservation, Historical Society of
Michigan, Little Traverse Historical Society, MI
History, Arts, and Libraries, private
donations
Encourage enforcement of existing speed, noise, and nuisance regulations
Objective 2 County Sheriff, State Police, Tribal
Police
Continue to review and update the Heritage Route brochure for distribution
Objectives 1 - 5
MDOT, Emmet County Road Commission
Heritage Route Planning Program
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Proposed Project Objective
Addressed Potential Partners
Estimated Cost
Potential Funding Sources
Update the Heritage Route map to show viewsheds and historical points
Objective 1 Townships, Little Traverse
Conservancy, local residents
Mapping costs -
NWMCOG
MDOT Work Program
Promote outdoor lighting standards (dark skies/night sky viewing) for the M-119 corridor
Objective 4 Township and county planning
officials
Continue to review and update the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Guidebook and distribute to realtors, builders, contractors, landscape designers, and current property owners; post on website
Objectives 1 - 5
Heritage Route Committee
Federal Highway Administration
Continue to participate in local events with the educational display and brochures
Objectives 1 - 5
Heritage Route Committee
MDOT Work Program
Work with the MI Heritage Route Program and other Scenic Heritage Routes regarding signage – type, placement, size, and purpose
Objective 4 MDOT; Heritage Route Committees
MDOT Work Program
Develop and implement annual beautification projects for the Heritage Route
Objective 1 Townships, landowners,
master gardener program,
conservation district
Dependent on project
Donations, clubs, groups
Create and update the Tunnel of Trees Heritage Highway website www.m119tunneloftrees.org
Objectives 1 - 5
NWMCOG MDOT Work Program
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Proposed Project Objective
Addressed Potential Partners
Estimated Cost
Potential Funding Sources
Use varying forms of communication (website, newspapers, radio, etc.) to increase community awareness about the route and as a way to thank those involved with continued efforts to maintain beauty, health, and safety of this route
Objectives 1 - 5
Townships, Emmet County, NWMCOG,
local papers and radio shows, Little Traverse Historical
Society
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Funding
The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Committee will continue to organize and prioritize
proposed projects each year to take advantage of funding opportunities. Acquiring funds for vital projects
along the corridor will encourage the community to proactively plan for existing and future projects which
benefit the entire County.
The designation of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route continues to enhance the
opportunities of obtaining state and federal funds to help existing and future projects along the Route. The
Heritage Route qualifies for the following:
1. Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund
2. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Coastal Management Program
3. Michigan Department of Transportation Alternative Programs grant
4. Other identified governmental agencies’ programs
5. Independent Foundations
6. Local Utility Foundations
Education
Education is an important aspect of the Management Plan. A creative strategy will be used to inform and
educate residents and visitors and will focus on developing a sustainable program that will be developed
with the local governments, non-profit entities, residents, and business associations. Interpretive materials
will provide residents and visitors information on attractions and destinations along the corridor and off
the corridor. These educational materials will assist in the streamlining of traffic flow and decrease
congestion in certain areas at peak times of the year. The primary goal will be to find a balance that
encourages responsible levels of tourism and prioritizes the maintenance of the integrity of the M-119
Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route in Emmet County. A website has been developed to distribute
information and provide resources on the internet (www.m119tunneloftrees.org).
Additional Considerations
There are several additional considerations regarding action and implementation that are important for
heritage route planning and management. Any projects listed in this plan are subject to safety and
maintenance guidelines set forth by the Michigan Department of Transportation such as tree-trimming or
removal to protect utility operations or to correct drainage problems. Projects are also subject to local
government action or review. Funding will need to be acquired prior to implementing the majority of
projects listed.
Heritage Route Management Plans have a five-year shelf life. The M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage
Route Committee will meet regularly to review the projects listed and to ensure that projects are being
implemented that are in accordance with the Management Plan.
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VII. Appendices
A. M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Summary
B. Resources
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Appendix A: M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Summary
M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Summary
The Michigan Heritage Route Program was created by Public Act 69 of 1993. The Heritage Route Program
is designed to identify, inventory, protect, enhance, and in some cases, promote state trunk lines and
adjacent land with distinctive or unique scenic, cultural, or historic qualities. The normal process for
Heritage Route nomination within the Michigan Heritage Route Program follows a standard process for
procedure: formation of a nominating team, identification of the potential route, evaluation of the highway
using a roadside inventory, selection of the route to be nominated, preparation of a management plan,
evidence of location support, preparation of nomination/application and submission of application.
Created by legislation in 1993, the program emphasizes cooperation among local residents, their
government officials, landowners and interested groups to preserve unique scenic, historic or recreational
highways. The Heritage Route Program is a grass roots program, requiring involvement by local residents
to ensure that their highway and its roadsides remain in their natural and unspoiled conditions. Michigan's
residents have an opportunity as individuals, groups, or entire communities to become involved in this
important effort to preserve Michigan's roadsides with scenic, historic and/or recreational qualities.
There are three categories of heritage routes: scenic - a state highway having outstanding natural beauty;
historic - a state highway having outstanding historic buildings, and resources along its length.; and
recreational - maintained not only to serve the recreational driver, but also to capture that recreational
setting of the facility or area itself, and set the mood for the recreational experience.
The Benefits of Heritage Routes
Preservation Benefits
Identify, preserve, and enhance Michigan's Scenic, Historic and Recreational resources.
Promote a greater awareness of and appreciation for those resources.
Provide an opportunity for growth management within a corridor by encouraging
appropriate development.
Provide an opportunity to manage the traveler/tourist impact on resources.
Community Benefits
Provide a vision for the future. Uniting those who share that vision.
Enhance the local, regional and state image on a national level.
Identify, promote and preserve community uniqueness enhancing community appeal.
Enhance the quality of life in the community.
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Education Benefits
Provide an education for future generations, by example.
Opportunity to share ideas, information, research, and lessons.
Provide an effective hands-on teaching tool.
Establish an education network.
Economic Benefits
Attract visitors, who bring additional revenues, enhancing economic activity in the region.
Attract new businesses.
Enhance existing jobs and create new jobs.
Vision Statement:
Recognizing the unique value of M-119 and the area surrounding the roadway, the
M-119 Heritage Route Management Plan will strive to protect, preserve, and enhance
the natural, scenic, and cultural character of the M-119 Heritage Route.
The goal of the M-119 Heritage Route Committee was to develop a plan that best reflected the interests of
the community. To ensure this effort, the process of developing the M-119 Heritage Route Management
Plan included the following principles:
To promote protection and preservation of the current state of the corridor.
To assess existing community plans and regulations to ensure effective implementation of
the goals and projects listed in the management plan
To promote enhancement projects restoring character and encouraging the use of
alternative routes.
To unite the linear community through the planning process.
History:
The initiative to protect and preserve the M-119 corridor originated in 1936. Mrs. C. F. (Alice) Irwin, an
early preservationist and naturalist living in Harbor Springs was able, via her state-wide newspaper
column, to initiate a grass roots effort to protect and preserve the corridor. At that time several hundred
people met to consider protecting the corridor as opposed to other plans being entertained that would
have significantly modified the route to accommodate growing usage. Mrs. Irwin successfully petitioned
the State legislature to protect and preserve the road in its natural state. Based on a desire to control soil
erosion and preserve the natural beauty the preservationists carried the day. That movement continues to
the present day.
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The following is a timeline of more recent events that continue to accomplish that original goal:
December 1964 Emmet County Road Commission Scenic Route Study
Summer 1972 Emmet County Lakeshore Association (ECLA) formed by like-minded property owners to
protect and preserve the corridor
July 1990 MI Department of Transportation (MDOT) completes an Origin and Destination Study
Summer 1990 Preservation discussions begin
December 1990 MDOT contracts with the Little Traverse Conservancy (LTC) to conduct a scenic inventory
of the route
February 1993 MDOT Traffic Accident History Study is conveyed to the LTC
March 1993 First informal public meeting held
April 1993 MDOT Base Plots conveyed to LTC
May 1993 Property acquisition information request from LTC
September 1993 Review of Scenic Corridor Study Draft begins
November 1993 ECLA passes unanimous resolution supporting the Heritage Route Designation
November 1993 County Commissioner and long time ‘activist’ ECLA president Paul Lenahan requests
State Attorney General’s opinion on liability issue to the Townships
November 1993 Public comments on Scenic Corridor Study Draft
January 1994 Public hearing on Heritage Route guidelines
February 1994 LTC M-119 Scenic Corridor Study is submitted to MDOT
February 1994 Final M-119 Scenic Corridor Study is sent to interested parties
December 1994 ECLA survey indicates 95% of membership supports Heritage Route Designation
February 1996 Public meeting at Little Traverse Township Hall to discuss Heritage Route Designation
May 1996 Discussion and debate on the Designation of M-119 continues through September 1996
September 1996 Meeting at West Traverse Township Hall; MDOT publicly proposes the Designation of
M-119 as a Scenic Heritage Route
September 1997 Pete Hanses becomes MDOT Heritage Route program director
June 1998 MDOT applies for National Scenic Byways Grant to develop M-119 Management Plan
January 1999 National Scenic Byways Grant awarded to MDOT
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February 1999 M-119 discussions resume
March 1999 MDOT requests NW MI Council of Governments (NWMCOG)* to develop Corridor
Management Plan
Summer 1999 Discussions with Emmet County Planning Department and Emmet County Board of
Commissioners to proceed with developing the Management Plan for M-119
October 1999 MDOT contracts with NWMCOG to develop a Management Plan
Fall/Winter 1999 NWMCOG begins preliminary discussions with the Townships
March 2000 Draft Outline for Management Plan Contents
Spring 2000 Meetings with Townships and Harbor Springs to solicit input on Management Plan Outline
Spring 2000 Formation of M-119 Scenic Heritage Route Corridor Management Plan Committee, an
advisory committee comprised of three delegates from each Township: Friendship,
Readmond, Cross Village; three delegates from ECLA; in partnership with the Little
Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, MDOT, County Planning/ Commissioners
Summer 2000 Scheduled monthly meetings drafting the Management Plan through Winter 2001
January 2002 Formal Adoption of M-119 Heritage Route Management Plan
June 28 2003 *Dedication of the M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route at Cross Village
Township Hall*
Summer 2003 Rollover of Management Plan Committee to Implementation Committee
Summer 2004 Historical Signs Unveiling Ceremony at Devils Elbow
Summer 2006 Community Preference Survey
Summer 2007 Township Resolutions in support of Survey Results and Committee Actions
July 2007 Inventory of Tree Species
Fall 2007 Inclusion of West Traverse Township
September 2008 Statewide Heritage Highway Conference Traverse City
Spring 2009 M-119 Tunnel of Trees Scenic Heritage Route Management Plan first 5 year Update 2008
Ongoing 2009 Monthly committee meetings; Implementation projects
Summer 2013 Second Management Plan 5 year Update
Ongoing 2013 Monthly committee meetings open to the public and implementation projects continue
Fall 2013 Development and Launching of website
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In essence: Many years of citizen-volunteer efforts and persistence.
Summary:
Authority derives from MDOT and the MDOT Scenic Heritage Highway Public Act 69 of1993
Funding initially from a National Scenic Byways Grant
Facilitated by NWMCOG* via a contract with MDOT
Initial drive began 1936
More recent efforts beginning 1964
ECLA was created in 1972 for the purpose of corridor protection and preservation
Championed by ECLA with the full support of Emmet County Planning, Emmet County
Commissioners, LTC, LTBB and the community at large.
Management Plan Committee 2000
Management Plan Adoption 2002
Implementation Committee 2002
Dedication of the M-119 Tunnel Of Trees Scenic Heritage Route June 28, 2003
Unveiling of Historical Signs 2004
Management Plan 5 year Update 2008
Management Plan 5 year Update 2013
Monthly Committee Meetings and Implementation Projects Ongoing
Establish Website
Launched Website
*THE NORTHWEST MICHIGAN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS (NWMCOG): PROVIDES REGIONAL PLANNING SERVICES, ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT, AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT TO THE TEN MEMBER COUNTIES OF EMMET, CHARLEVOIX, ANTRIM, KALKASKA, GRAND
TRAVERSE, LEELANAU, BENZIE, MANISTEE, WEXFORD AND MISSAUKEE.
Revised December 2013
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Appendix B: Resources and Contacts
Northwest Michigan Council of Governments Website Data, www.nwm.org, 231-929-5000
State of Michigan, Department of Transportation Data, www.michigan.gov/mdot, 989-731-5090
Emmet County Planning, Zoning, and Construction Resources, www.emmetcounty.org, 231-439-8983
Little Traverse bay Bands of Odawa Indians, www.ltbbodawa-nsn.gov, 231-242-1400
Little Traverse Conservancy, www.landtrust.org, 231-347-0991
For more information: www.m119tunneloftrees.org